Northeastern University

Northeast University was founded in April 1923. General Zhang Xueliang, a famous patriotic general, was the president of the University. In the September 18th Incident, the December 9th Movement, the Xi'an Incident, and the Anti Japanese War, there were all the heroic deeds of master Dongsheng who was fearless and sacrificed his life for righteousness. In this simple campus, China's First University Software Park was born. Famous architect Liang Sicheng also founded China's first architecture department here. Many buildings in the campus bear a heavy history, such as the plain gate of Northeast University, the main building of Dongda in Russian style, the landmark Ningen Cheng library, the Hanqing Hall of Northeast University named after Zhang Xueliang, the Mining Museum and the College of science, etc. are among the oldest buildings in Dongbei University.

essential information

Historical evolution

the Republic of China era

In the spring of 1922, Zhang zuolin ordered Wang Yongjiang, governor of Fengtian province and director of finance department, to organize Northeast University. The former national Shenyang Normal University was changed into the science and Engineering Department of Northeast University, and the former literature school (the former Fengtian law school) was changed into the literature and Law Department of Northeast University. The president is Wang Yongjiang, with more than 480 students. The Department of grammar includes Chinese Literature Department, English Department, Russian Literature Department, law department and political science department; the Department of science and engineering includes mathematics department, physics department, chemistry department, civil engineering department and mechanics department, and the Preparatory Committee of Northeastern University is established.

On April 19, 1923, Fengtian provincial office issued the "seal of Northeast University", which was officially opened on April 26. Northeast University was established. Wang Yongjiang, then governor of Fengtian province, was the first president.

On October 24, 1923, Northeast University officially opened. The school imitates the design of Berlin University in Germany, and President Wang Yongjiang personally inscribes "unity of knowledge and practice" as the motto of Northeastern University. Another Northeast University factory is set up near the University, covering an area of 200 mu for students' internship. Dr. Yang Yuzhen, who returned from studying in Germany, is employed as the factory director. The newly born Northeastern University has begun to use modern education methods and means to enlighten students and enrich academic culture.

In September 1925, the science and engineering building, the professor's residence, the student dormitory and the corresponding ancillary facilities were completed. In the campus, there are many buildings, such as Dabai building, chemical Museum, Textile Museum, library, auditorium, laboratory, South and North buildings of Hanqing, Dongxi new village of professor's residence and the largest stadium in Asia at that time.

In November 1927, Liu Shangqing, governor of Fengtian province, was concurrently president of Northeast University.

On August 16, 1928, the huanggutun incident shocked China and foreign countries. In the past two months, general Zhang Xueliang, a famous patriotic general who just succeeded his father Zhang zuolin to preside over the Northeast military and political affairs, succeeded the third president of Northeast University. He also proposed the school running purpose of "studying advanced scholarship, cultivating specialized talents, meeting the needs of society and seeking cultural development", and successively donated most of his father's legacy About 1.8 million silver yuan is used to expand school buildings, hire famous scholars with high salary, purchase foreign advanced experimental equipment and send outstanding students abroad. At that time, the school set up a relatively complete range of disciplines such as science, engineering, arts, law and education, and the various disciplines learned to develop rapidly. In order to promote scientific progress, sun Guofeng, President of the University of science, launched the Science Education Association. During this period, scholars and experts from Britain, France, the United States and other countries came to Northeast University to give lectures and exchange.

In August 1928, at the invitation of president Zhang Xueliang, Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin, who had finished their European tour, came to Dongda to set up the first architectural department in China.

In September 1928, as president Zhang Xueliang strongly advocated coeducation, a total of 50 female students in all subjects entered Northeastern University.

On July 1, 1929, at the first graduation ceremony of Northeastern University, president Zhang Xueliang presented 120 students with graduation certificates and bachelor's degrees. Students with the highest graduation scores of all departments are also selected by the university to study abroad in Britain, the United States, Germany and other countries. In the autumn of the same year, students from the two colleges moved to Beiling campus. Zhang Xueliang, the president of the University, has paid a lot of money and recruited many excellent teachers. Zhang Shizhao, Liang Shuming, Luo Wengan, Feng Zuxun, Liu Xianzhou, Huang Kan, Liu Bannong and other famous teachers teach the University. President Zhang Xueliang also attached great importance to physical education. He recruited more physical education teachers and organized student teams to participate in all kinds of sports competitions.

In 1929, the 14th North China Games was held in Northeast University. Dongda broke eight national records and won the first place in men's track and field competition. Dongda football team and basketball team also went to Japan to compete. With his strong physique, Dong University refutes the fallacy of "sick man of East Asia".

In the autumn of 1930, Northeastern University has developed into a domestic first-class university with 6 colleges, 24 departments and 8 specialized subjects, 3000 students, magnificent buildings, advanced equipment, abundant funds, excellent teachers and pure learning style.

Just as the school was booming, the September 18th Incident broke out in 1931, and the Japanese army occupied Shenyang overnight. Northeastern University became the first university destroyed by Japanese imperialism. The school was occupied by the Japanese army, the equipment and books were lost, the famous scholars were seriously lost, the students wandered abroad, and the school became a university in exile overnight. All the teachers and students in the school were so indignant that they were forced to go into exile. In October, Northeastern University reluctantly resumed classes in Peking.

In July 1932, president Zhang Xueliang contributed 8000 silver dollars to support Liu Changchun, a student of Northeastern University and the holder of the national record of 100 meters, to participate in the 10th Olympic Games held in Los Angeles, USA. Liu Changchun, the only Chinese athlete to take part in the Olympic Games for the first time, marched in the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games with the Chinese flag in hand on July 30.

In 1933, the nine departments of Fengyong university founded by the famous patriot Feng Yong were all merged into Northeast University.

On December 9, 1935, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Beiping students' national salvation union organized and launched the "December 9" Anti Japanese patriotic movement. Northeast University became the vanguard and main force of the "December 9" Anti Japanese patriotic movement, and then held a demonstration of the "December 16 movement". In the student Anti Japanese patriotic movement, master Dong broke through the encirclement of the army and police with a big knife and sent out his own troops, from chongyuanguan to xisibei street, and then to Minxiang in the eastern suburbs. They braved the cold and persisted until night, becoming the main force and vanguard in the struggle. During the struggle, more than 40 college students were arrested. President Zhang Xueliang wrote to rescue the arrested students. The "12 · 9 movement" marks a new historical period for the patriotic movement of Chinese intellectual youth.

After the "12.9" movement, the situation in North China was at stake. "North China is too big to accommodate a quiet desk," and universities in Peking have moved out.

At the beginning of 1936, Engineering College of Northeast University moved to Xi'an and established Xi'an Branch. General Zhang Xueliang, who is working in Xi'an, raised 150000 yuan to build the campus of Northeast University, and inscribed on the cornerstone of the auditorium: "it was very difficult for Shenyang to set up a school. By September 18, he was devastated, exiled from Yan City, moved to Chang'an, xuerduoshi, and restored our rivers and mountains." To warn teachers and students not to forget the responsibility of returning home.

On December 9, 1936, on the anniversary of the "12.9 movement", more than 10000 young students in Xi'an held a huge petition procession to commemorate the first anniversary of the "12.9 movement". The students of Xi'an Branch of Northeast University walked in the front of the procession, shouting: "stop the civil war, unite against Japan", "muzzle foreign, down with Japanese imperialism" "Stop the civil war and go back home!" And other slogans to Lintong. After hearing the news, president Zhang Xueliang drove to catch up with the student petition team and told the students, "your wish is also my wish. There are already gendarmes on the machine guns in front of us. Let's go back first. I promise to give you a reply within a week.". Three days later, on December 12, the "Xi'an Incident" broke out, which promoted the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and became a turning point from the civil war to the Anti Japanese national war. After the Xi'an Incident, president Zhang Xueliang lost his freedom and began to live in confinement for more than half a century.

In January 1937, the Nanjing Kuomintang government appointed Zang Qifang as the acting president of Northeast University. Northeast University in Peking moved to Kaifeng, Henan Province.

In May 1937, Northeastern University was changed into "national Northeastern University". In June of the same year, all the schools moved to Xi'an.

In the spring of 1938, when the Japanese bombed Xi'an, Northeastern University was forced to enter Sichuan from Shaanxi. In Santai, Sichuan, a group of famous teachers gathered at Dongda. Lu Kanru, Feng Yuanjun, Jin Yufu, Gao Heng, Yang Rongguo and Yao xueyin successively taught at the school.

In July 1938, by the order of the Ministry of national education, the Institute of technology of national northwest United University and Jiaozuo Institute of technology were merged into Northeast University.

In 1940, Jin Yufu, a famous scholar, went to Dongda to prepare for the "northeast history, geography and economy research office".

In 1942, the Ministry of education of Nanjing government ordered that the Northeast Institute of history, geography and economics should be changed into a Liberal Arts Research Institute, and graduate students should be given a master's degree. The graduate education of Dongda started from this.

In August 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, 60 teachers and students of Northeast University were awarded the title of martyrs.

In February 1946, Northeast University was also established in the liberated areas, and Zhang Xuesi, the younger brother of president Zhang Xueliang, was the president. The school site was initially set up in Benxi, and then transferred to Dandong, Meihekou and Jilin. It will be fixed in June

Chinese PinYin : Dong Bei Da Xue