Laoyeling

Laoyeling

Laoyeling, located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province and the east of Jilin Province, is a branch of Changbai Mountain. It is about 200 km long, extending to Mudanjiang, Ning'an, Muling, Jixi, Dongning, Suifenhe and other cities and counties, with a total area of 32600 square meters, including 1.75 million hectares of forest land, birch, Tilia, Korean pine and other trees, and a forest stock of 150 million cubic meters . The mountain is mainly composed of Cenozoic basalts, with an altitude of 600-1000 meters. The higher peak, Tianling, is 1115 meters above sea level. The annual average temperature is 2.3-3.5 ℃, the frost free period is 126-138 days, and the frost free period is about 100 days in some cold mountainous areas. The annual rainfall is about 530mm. There are four forestry bureaus in the forest area to carry out logging and afforestation. The main minerals are coal and gold.

Location context

Laoyeling, also known as "Laoyeling mountains", is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province and the east of Jilin Province, which is the branch of Changbai Mountain. It is about 200 km long, extending to Mudanjiang, Ning'an, Muling, Jixi, Dongning, Suifenhe and other cities and counties, with a total area of 32600 square kilometers. The mountain is mainly composed of Cenozoic basalt, with an altitude of 600-1000 meters. The higher peak, Tianling (Mudan peak), is 1115 meters above sea level.

Laoyeling mountain belongs to Changbai Mountain system. It is a northeast southwest trending mountain range. Laoyeling starts from the upper reaches of Mudanjiang River in the southwest and connects Wanda mountain range in the northeast, with a winding undulating length of more than 500 kilometers. It is the watershed between Mudanjiang River and Muling River, with an altitude of 700-1000 meters. Dajiazi mountain, the highest mountain in Laoyeling County, is 117m above sea level, while Mudan peak, 1.4km to the west, is 1111.6m above sea level. On the border between Mudanjiang City and our county, the area is more than 200 square kilometers, which is covered by primeval forest. There are many kinds of wild animals and birds. Now it has been designated as a nature reserve, which is a good place for tourism. Laoyeling has 6 peaks above 900 meters in our county, and its branches are all over the southern half of the county, extending to the Bank of Muling River. The mountain trend gradually decreases from south to north, and the relative height is less than 100 meters. It has developed from medium and low mountains to hilly mountains, and the mountainous area is densely forested, which is the key forest area of our county.

Geology and geomorphology

Laoyeling mountain is cut by radially distributed water system, forming lava ridge, Fangshan, Jianshan and remnant hill terrain. Due to the development of vertical joints, most of the valleys cut into the plateau are box shaped or "V" shaped deep and steep canyons. The mountain is high and the valley is deep, the platform slope is steep, the cliff is numerous, the situation is dangerous, but the ridge top is relatively gentle. Most of the valleys are deep and steep.

Since Cenozoic, along the Dunhua Mishan deep fault, there have been many basalt eruptions, which can be divided into five periods: Paleocene, Pliocene, Middle Pleistocene, late Pleistocene and Holocene. In Laoyeling mountain area, there are mainly Pliocene gray black, purple gray and cyan gray dense olivine basalt and stomatal basalt, which are widely distributed from southwest to northeast. Quaternary basalt is distributed in valley or valley plain and forms platform. In addition, some Proterozoic graphite and quartz schists are distributed in the middle of the mountain, and Cretaceous glutenite and tuff are distributed in the northwest. On the axis, there is a lava plateau extending along the north-east direction. The terrain is high and steep, with an altitude of 800-1000 meters and a relative altitude of 200-400 meters. It is a low mountain terrain. The highest peak is Tianling in the north of central China, with an altitude of 1115 meters. From the south to the north, the height of the higher peaks gradually decreases. From the south to the north, there are Dadingzi Mountain (857 meters above sea level), yuangaishan mountain (853 meters above sea level), Huanggang mountain (834 meters above sea level), etc. The plateau is cut by radially distributed water systems, forming lava ridge, Fangshan, Jianshan and remnant hill. Due to the development of vertical joints, most of the valleys cut into the plateau are box shaped or V-shaped deep canyons, with high mountains and deep valleys, steep platforms and steep slopes, many cliffs and cliffs, and the situation is dangerous, but the top of the ridge is relatively flat. The top of Fangshan Mountain is more flat, but the slope is very steep, with a slope of 30 ° to 40 ° which is widely distributed in the southwest. The eroded hills and low mountains are mainly distributed in the east of Mudanjiang Valley, and the mountains are mainly composed of granite and Cretaceous glutenite. The mountain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, with an altitude of 400-1000 meters. The top of the mountain is relatively flat, but the slope is steep. There are often steep cliffs along the river valley or lake bank, which are caused by the strong erosion of the river. A large area of lava platform is intermittently distributed along the Mudanjiang valley.

Changbai middle and low mountain area is located in zhangguangcailing, Longgang mountain and its East, mainly including Hunjiang City, Tonghua City and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. Tectonically, the northern half of the basin belongs to the Tianshan Xingan geosynclinal fold area, and the southern part belongs to the Sino Korean paraplatform. During the Yanshanian movement in the Mesozoic belt, the north and south of the belt were linked together and uplifted into mountains. After the tertiary leveling, the neotectonic movement experienced another strong uplift, accompanied by strong volcanic activity. The landforms are mainly middle and low mountains, with narrow valleys between mountains and wide distribution of volcanoes and lava flows. The altitude of the peak is more than 800-1000 meters, and the relative height is more than 500 meters. There are Changbai volcano, Changbai lava platform and Jingyu lava platform in the south of the area, as well as Longgang mountain and Laoling two long ne extending mountains. Changbaishan volcano and its surrounding lava platform form an independent geomorphic regional unit. There is a narrow Hunjiang valley between Longgang mountain and Laoling mountain, and a narrow Yalu River Valley to the east of Laoling mountain. The northern part of the area is Yanbian mountainous area, most of which are short and complex in strike, and most of them are small Mesozoic fault basins. The main mountains are Panling, dalongling, mulingwoji, laosongling, halbaling, Nangang, Zengfeng, yingerling, mudanling, zhangguangcai and weihuling. Among them, dalongling, halbaling and weihuling are covered with Tertiary Basalts, forming large lava mountains. The larger Intermountain basins are Hunchun basin, Yanji Basin, Helong basin and Dunhua basin. The Dunhua basin is filled with a large number of basalts to form a lava platform. The mountains and lava platforms in this area are densely forested and rich in forest resources. The sunny slopes of some low mountains have been reclaimed, and the cultivated land and wasteland on the hillsides and high terraces are obviously eroded. Most of the Intermountain basins are farmland and become granaries in mountainous areas. The third class landforms are divided into Changbai volcano and lava platform area, Longgang mountain and Laoling middle and low mountain area, Yanbian middle and low mountain basin valley area.

Branch mountain

Heilongjiang Province

Peony peak, also known as "Tianling", "tianqiaoling", commonly known as "Dajiazi mountain". Mudanjiang city is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province. It is at the junction of Mudanjiang City and Muling County in the southeast. It belongs to the northern end of Laoyeling mountain range. It is a platform shaped crater in the third century, with an altitude of 1111.6 meters. Climbing to the top of the mountain has a sense of cloud, so it is called "Tianling". There is a mountain spring in the south, named Tianquan, with clear water and sweet water. The mountain is mainly composed of basalt and granite. The mountains are high and majestic, with lots of rocks. It covers an area of 400 square kilometers. The whole terrain belongs to the middle and low mountains and hills, gradually inclining from southeast to northwest, and the altitude gradually drops from 1000 meters to 260 meters. The water system includes dougouzi, shifenggou, dayantonggou, dunloushugou and other mountain rivers.

Laosongling, also known as "malahuliwoji", means "forest far away" in Manchu. Located in the south of Ning'an City, Heilongjiang Province and the border of Wangqing County, Jilin Province, it belongs to Laoyeling mountain range. It is 50 kilometers long and 500-800 meters above sea level. It is the watershed between Mudanjiang River Basin and Tumen River Basin. Lingbei is Heilongjiang Province, Lingnan is Jilin Province. The vegetation is luxuriant, with birch, poplar and oak forests. There is laosongling tunnel in Mudu line. It's a traffic hub.

Daheling is located in the south of Jingpo Township, Ning'an County, Southeast of Heilongjiang Province, and at the junction of Ning'an county and Dunhua City, Jilin Province. It is an extension of Laoyeling mountains to the west, bordering halba mountains in the East and Dunhua City in the West. It is about 10 kilometers long and 1242 meters above sea level. The south slope of the mountain is steep and the top is gentle. The north slope is the source of Fangshengou and Wangou of Songyi River, the main tributary of Jingpo Lake. The south slope is the birthplace of Shahe, a tributary of Mudanjiang River. The vegetation is coniferous broadleaved mixed forest belt with dense forest and abundant accumulation. There are niuxinding (1318) and yantonglazi (1011).

Niuxinding, the name of the mountain. Located in the south of Jingpo Township, Ning'an County, Heilongjiang Province and the junction of Wangqing County, Jilin Province, it belongs to Laoyeling mountains, with an altitude of 1318 meters. It is the source of Songyi River and dajiaji River, the tributaries of Jingpo Lake. At the top of the peak, there are stone forest, mixed forest of coniferous and broad-leaved vegetation, pine, oak, Tilia, birch, poplar and other tree species, rich in wildlife resources.

Changlingzi, the name of the mountain. Located in Xingshan Township, Ning'an County, Southeast of Heilongjiang Province, on the Northeast Bank of Jingpo Lake. It is a gentle hill with an altitude of 472 meters. There is a reservoir in the northeast and liangjiagou and Chujiagou villages on the shady slope.

Daguanling, located in the west of Muling County in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, is the northern extension of Laoyeling mountains. Presenting things

Chinese PinYin : Lao Ye Ling