Nanji Archipelago

Nanji Archipelago is one of the first five national marine nature reserves approved by the State Council. It is the only national marine nature reserve of shellfish and algae in China. It is known as the "Kingdom of shellfish and algae" and has been listed in the UNESCO Man and biosphere protection network.

Nanji Archipelago is located in the eastern sea area of Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, outside the mouth of Aojiang River, 30 nautical miles away from the port of Aojiang, with a land area of 11.3 square kilometers and 23 islands. Nanji Archipelago has more than 180 landscapes, full of natural charm and mythical charm, with unique island flavor and local color. The most famous landscapes are Dasha'ao Jinsha blue sea, Qifeng and Yishi, natural frescoes, island plain and Dalai Narcissus.

Nanji Archipelago

Nanji Archipelago is located in the East China Sea 30 nautical miles away from the mouth of Aojiang River in Zhejiang Province, 56 kilometers away from Aojiang port and 150 kilometers away from Taiwan Island. It belongs to Pingyang County. With a total area of 200 square kilometers and a land area of 11.3 square kilometers, the area is composed of 52 islands. With beautiful marine scenery and good ecology, it became one of the first five marine nature reserves in China in 1990. It is the only national marine nature reserve of shellfish and algae in China, known as the "Kingdom of shellfish and algae". In 1999, it was listed as the World Biosphere Reserve Network by UNESCO.

Geography

Nanji Archipelago is located in the sea area to the east of Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province. Its central point is 27 ° 27 ′ N and 121 ° 25 ′ E. The total area is 200 square kilometers, and the land area is 11.3 square kilometers. It is 30 nautical miles from Aojiang Town, 20 nautical miles from Yanting town of Cangnan County, 70 nautical miles from Wenzhou City, and 140 nautical miles from Keelung, Taiwan. It is one of the first five marine nature reserves in China, and is composed of 52 Islands (with an area of more than 500 square meters). Among them, the largest island is Nanji Island, covering an area of 7.64 square kilometers, which is named for its muntjac like shape. The rice hill in Nanji Islands is one of the base points of Chinese mainland territorial waters. In October 1985, the Pingyang county government set up a tablet for the record.

Nanji Archipelago is far away from the mainland, with clear sea water and low sand content. The bottom material of the sea area is mainly silty clay. The seabed topography is downward from west to Southeast, and the water depth is generally between 15 and 25 meters. The northeast and southwest sides of Nanji Island are deep-water channels, and the water depth is more than 30 meters, with the deepest reaching 45 meters. This area is dominated by marine erosion landform, with tortuous coastline, numerous headlands, numerous bays, dense reefs and diverse beaches. It is the intersection and alternate growth and decline area of Jiangsu Zhejiang coastal current and Taiwan warm current. The climate is mild, with an annual average temperature of 16.5 ℃. There is no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter.

Nanji Island, also known as Haishan, is the main island of Nanji Archipelago. In ancient times, it was also written as "Nanji mountain". It looks like a muntjac, with its head facing northwest and its tail facing Southeast. The coastline is 24.8 km long, surrounded by five Gajiao (longzuitou) and three bays (guoxing'ao, mazu'ao, huokun'ao) and Nanji harbor. The sea water is clear and blue all the year round, and rocks are eroded and impacted by waves for a long time, forming sea erosion cliffs, columns, caves, platforms and other landscapes. There are Dasha'ao (AO), guoxing'ao (AO), sanpanwei and other scenic spots, known as "Bihai Xianshan".

Historical evolution

In 1582 ad (the tenth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty), in order to strengthen the maritime defense, Nanji deputy general was set up. In the early Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong insisted on fighting against the Qing Dynasty at sea, and once stationed in Xi'ao, Nanji. The islanders took Zheng Chenggong's surname as Zhu and granted him the title of King Yanping, so they called Xi'ao the surname of the state. Once upon a time, there was an ancestral temple on the top of the mountain with the surname of guo'ao to worship the statue of Zheng Chenggong. On the stone wall of Dasha'ao, there are four words "Shishou Chengzhu" engraved on the old stone wall, and the next sign is "Hulin", which is said to be Zheng Chenggong's handwriting. In 1661 (the 18th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty), the Qing government enforced the sea ban and expelled all the islanders, causing hundreds of years of desolation on the sea.

In the early years of the Republic of China, Nanji fishing tenancy company was set up to recruit fishermen to go to the island for reclamation. At first, there were only dozens of recruits, but more than 10000 residents gathered in the past few decades. During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese army occupied Nanji twice and became the pirate "Wujun" and Dadaohui. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the remnant of the southern Zhejiang Kuomintang retreated to Nanji. In February 1955, following the retreat of Dachen Island, the island residents were escorted to Taiwan. Since then, Pingyang, Rui'an and Wencheng counties immigrated to Dongtou County, and in 1957 they were assigned to Pingyang County.

natural resources

Nanji Archipelago is rich in marine biological resources, including 403 species of shellfish, 174 species of algae and 397 species of fish. The number of shellfish and algae accounts for more than 20% of the total number of marine shellfish and algae in China, which is known as the "Kingdom of shellfish and algae". In 1990, it was listed as a national marine nature reserve by the State Council. Nanji Island is the only national marine nature reserve (shellfish and algae) in China with beautiful marine scenery and good ecology. It has important research value in marine ecology. It is the resource pool of marine life "species from south to north, species from north to South". It was listed as the World Biosphere Reserve Network by UNESCO in 1999. In 2001, China Fishing Association listed Nanji Island as a national fishing base, mainly including black porgy, Monopterus albus, grouper, perch, Nibea, etc. the fishing peak period is from May to October every year.

Nanji Archipelago is also a resort for tourism, summer vacation, recuperation, seafood tasting and sea water playing. There are 800 meters wide and 600 meters long Seashell sand beach, with clear and transparent water and visibility of more than 5 meters; Zheng Chenggong practiced the Navy surname Ao; Song Meiling's resting habitat; Narcissus island and seagull island; sanpanwei tourist spot with more than 100 scenic spots; abalone at the head of haibazhen; grouper and so on. There are 368 species of fish, 180 species of shrimps and crabs and hundreds of other terrestrial animals.

The whole area is divided into: the first level protection area (i.e. the core area) is under closed protection; the second level protection area is under effective control of protection and development; the third level protection area is under the guidance of development. After protection and management, the marine ecological restoration is quite fast, the resource abundance is large, the distribution is uniform, the population increases, the renovation is in the original state, and the effect of artificial wildness is very significant. It not only has important research value in marine ecology, but also is the resource pool of marine organisms "moving from south to North and from north to South". In the first half of 2001, the first batch of artificial reefs in Zhejiang Province were put on trial, and preliminary results were achieved.

In 2004, with the approval of the State Oceanic Administration, the nature reserve mainly expanded from the previous single protection of shellfish and algae to the protection of marine birds, wild daffodils and precious marine fish.

Nanji Archipelago is the habitat and wintering breeding ground of marine birds. According to the survey of bird experts, 40 species of birds have been recorded, mainly in Passeriformes and gulliformes, including 18 resident birds, 12 summer migratory birds, and 9 winter migratory birds and travelers. There are not only considerable species but also a large number of birds. More than 2000 birds have been recorded in xiama'an Island at one time, mainly black tailed gulls, egrets and other birds under national protection.

In addition, Zhuyu and Dali islands in Nanji Archipelago are rich in Narcissus with wide range, high density, strong fragrance and beautiful body. Compared with other Narcissus species, Nanji Narcissus has the characteristics of polyploid, which is worthy of scientific research.

Since 2003, the Nanji Islands Nature Reserve Administration has carried out the adjustment of the functional zoning of the reserve. From the perspective of ecosystem protection, in addition to shellfish and algae as the main protection objects, the wild Narcissus provenances of xiama'an, Zhuyu and Dalai islands have been included in the core protection area, expanding the protection objects and enhancing the protection value and academic level of the whole reserve. The whole reserve is divided into core area, buffer area and experimental area, with a total area of more than 20000 hectares, including 804 hectares of core area, 3404 hectares of buffer area and 15898 hectares of experimental area.

scenic spot

Nanji Archipelago has more than 180 landscapes, full of natural charm and mythical charm, with unique island flavor and local color. It is a sea paradise integrating scientific research and investigation, tourism, summer vacation and fisherman's pleasure. The most famous landscapes are Dasha'ao (Australia), Jinsha blue sea, Qifeng and Yishi, natural frescoes, island plain and Dalai Narcissus.

Dasha'ao beach in Nanji is 800 meters wide and 600 meters long. The water quality and sand quality are excellent. It is a rare Seashell sand beach in China. The natural murals of the East China Sea, which are praised by experts as "national treasure", are magnificent and miraculous. The sunrise on the sea is magnificent and the mirage appears from time to time. Nanji Archipelago has wonderful landscape and rich biological landscape. Nanji is one of the four major fishing grounds in Zhejiang Province. Shellfish and algae species account for more than one-fifth of the total number of the country, ranking first in the country, so it is known as the "Kingdom of shellfish and algae"; daffodils are all over the mountains and fragrant flowers on Dali island; sanpanwei natural lawn covers an area of 63 mu, green grass, people are suspected to enter the fairyland. Nanji Island was also a training ground for Zheng Chenggong to recover Taiwan. There are many remains such as cliff inscriptions.

Watching the sun from the top of the mountain

There are two mountains in Nanji Island, one is Nanji mountain, 192 meters high, the other is Dashan mountain, 229 meters high. The two mountains occupy one another, forming Dasha'ao in the southeast and mazu'ao in the northwest. Standing on the top of the mountain, you can see the vast expanse of cloud waves in the East China Sea. Especially the sunrise, a round of red sun, jump out on the sea level; red sun west sink, the sky is full of rosy clouds, gradually disappear in the vast twilight

Chinese PinYin : Nan Ji Lie Dao