Jiaozhou Bay undersea tunnel

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel

synonym

Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel generally refers to Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel

Qingdao Bay Subsea Tunnel in Qingdao is a sea crossing passage connecting Huangdao District and Shinan District in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. It is located in Jiaozhou Bay and is one of the main roads in the southwest of Qingdao.

The construction ceremony of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was held on December 27, 2006;

On April 28, 2009, the main part of the tunnel was completed and the whole tunnel was completed;

It was put into operation on June 30, 2011.

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel starts from Binhai Avenue in the south, passes under Jiaozhou Bay Sea area and ends at Sichuan Road in the north; the total length of the line is 7.797 km, and the cross sea part is 4.095 km; the road is designed as a two-way six lane urban trunk road with a design speed of 80 km / h; the total investment is 4.059 billion yuan.

Construction process

In 1984, Qingdao City solicited opinions on the construction of Jiaozhou Bay Cross Sea channel.

On April 5, 2005, the natural resources and Planning Bureau of Qingdao city determined the site selection for the construction of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel.

On September 2, China International Engineering Consulting Corporation (CIECC) issued the approval and evaluation report on Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay mouth subsea tunnel project (application report).

On January 18, 2006, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay undersea tunnel project was approved by the national development and Reform Commission of the people's Republic of China;

On April 25, the geological survey of Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel in Qingdao started drilling at both ends of Tuandao and Xuejiadao;

On December 27, the opening ceremony of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was held.

On August 22, 2007, the main project of Xuejiadao end of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was started;

On December 30, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel terminal connection project started construction.

On May 6, 2008, Qingdao Municipal Transportation Commission approved the design document of civil construction drawing of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay (subsea section) tunnel project with qingjiao planning No. 64 document;

On May 13, Qingdao Transportation Committee approved the application for construction permission of Qingdao Jiaozhou tunnel project; on June 25, the main project of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel started;

On June 25, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel held the commencement ceremony of Tuandao end project.

On January 1, 2009, Qingdao Jiaozhou tunnel was reinforced by large section pre grouting;

On April 28, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was completed and the main section of the tunnel was completed.

On December 18, the service tunnel of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was completed.

On April 29, 2011, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel completed the asphalt pavement paving project;

On May 27, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel completed the pavement quality inspection; on June 6, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel completed the civil construction of toll island;

On June 30, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was opened to traffic;

On October 21, 2013, the water and soil conservation facilities of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel passed the completion acceptance.

On April 18, 2014, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel passed the project acceptance.

On April 17, 2016, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel passed the first level assessment of safety production standardization of highway tunnel operation enterprises.

Tunnel location

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is located in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China, connecting Huangdao District and Shinan District, 15 km away from Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in northwest direction. The tunnel starts from the south section of Binhai Avenue at Xuejiadao end of Huangdao District in the south, passes through Jiulongshan road and Jiaozhou Bay in the south, and ends at Sichuan Road at Tuandao end of Shinan District in the south. Xuejiadao end connects Binjiang Avenue, Lijiang East Road, Jiulongshan Road, and Tuandao end connects Sichuan Road , Shenxian road and Jiaoning elevated road.

Tunnel design

Tunnel structure

Overall layout

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is composed of surface road, underwater tunnel and six ramps on both sides. The main section of the tunnel is arranged from south to north.

 

Design features

The main tunnel of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is separated from the left and right. The cross section of the main tunnel is oval, which is used for ordinary passenger cars. The cross section of the service tunnel is approximately circular at the upper end and gentle at the lower end, which is divided into two layers. The upper layer is for regional maintenance vehicles and rescue survey, and the two sides are for lighting, archery, monitoring, traffic and other facilities. The lower layer is divided into two parts, and one side is for high voltage One side of the cable space is the water pipe, communication pipeline and other comprehensive pipe gallery space.

 

 

Tunnel parameters

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel has a total length of 7.797 km, of which the cross sea section is 4.095 km long and 21.5 m wide; the right on ramp is 530.4 m long, the left on ramp is 524.6 m long and the service tunnel is 5932 m long, of which the sea section is 4030 m, the subgrade section is 950 m, and the deepest section is 82.8 m below sea level. The standard section area is 96.4 square meters, the maximum inner contour of the section is 26.5 meters wide and 16.75 meters high, the excavation span is 28.3 meters, the height is 18.7 meters, and the section area is 412 square meters. The cross section of the main tunnel is 9 meters high and 14 meters wide; the cross section of the service tunnel is 6 meters high and 5.8 meters wide, with a total of 2 floors. The middle part of the upper layer is 2.5 meters high and 3 meters wide, and the two parts of the lower layer are 2 meters high and 2 meters wide respectively. The parallel distance between the two main tunnels in the sea area is 45 meters, and the total length of the parallel service tunnel in the middle is 6000 meters. About 2.538 million cubic meters of earth and stone were excavated, 124000 cubic meters of shotcrete, 613000 cubic meters of formwork concrete (including formwork, bedding and invert filling), 315000 tons of cement, 87000 tons of steel and 1.15 million cubic meters of 380000 bolts. It is planned to pass 101250 standard vehicles (8100 standard vehicles during peak hours).

 

 

Equipment and facilities

On June 30, 2011, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was put into operation. The tunnel is equipped with ventilation system, water supply and drainage and fire fighting, power supply and lighting, monitoring system, communication system, toll system, signs, marking and management center.

 

Operation

Ticket price

According to the Qingdao Price Bureau in July 2019, the toll standard of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is as follows:

 

Traffic matters

1. Bicycles, electric mopeds, tricycles, animal powered vehicles, disabled motorized wheelchairs and other non motor vehicles are prohibited;

2. Motorcycles, tractors, trucks, wheeled and tracked special machinery are prohibited to pass;

3. It is forbidden to pass vehicles exceeding the limit of tunnel load, height, length and width;

4. Vehicles carrying explosives, inflammable and explosive chemicals, highly toxic, radioactive and other dangerous goods are prohibited to pass;

5. No pedestrians.

 

traffic flow

From June 30 to July 30, 2011, there were 600000 vehicles passing through Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel.

 

From October 1 to 5, 2013, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel passed more than 40000 vehicles per day.

 

From July 20 to August 26, 2018, the average daily traffic flow of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel was 84300 vehicles, an increase of 9% compared with last year's Beer Festival, with a maximum of 88700 vehicles per day.

 

Construction achievements

Technical problems

construction technique

During the construction of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel, there are the following key technologies:

1. Drilling and blasting method, shotcrete and anchor construction method support; 2, advance geological prediction; 3, anti collapse water gushing technology.

 

Construction problems

During the construction of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel, there are mainly the following difficulties and characteristics

 

1. The engineering hydrogeology of Jiaozhouwan tunnel site in Qingdao is extremely complex. There are 22 kinds of rocks, which are igneous rocks with multi-stage intrusive contact, and the composition of rock mass is complex and changeable. Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is the world's shallowest subsea tunnel with drilling and blasting method, and it is prone to collapse, water inrush and other disastrous accidents in construction. For example, four large collapse and water inrush accidents occurred in QingHan subsea tunnel, which makes it difficult and risky to prevent collapse and water inrush.

2. Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel has high durability requirements. In the comprehensive and complex marine corrosive environment, the structure and operating equipment can meet the service life of 100 years, and the durability requirements are higher than other underwater and mountain tunnels.

3. Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel has a high requirement of water proofing and drainage. It adopts V-shaped slope, and mechanical drainage is required during construction and operation. It is difficult to determine the design principle and discharge standard of water proofing and drainage, and it is difficult to construct water blocking and drainage structure of tunnel.

4. It is difficult to connect the two ends of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel, so the tunnel is used to cross the urban area

Chinese PinYin : Jiao Zhou Wan Hai Di Sui Dao