Memorial Tower of Soviet martyrs

Memorial Tower of Soviet martyrs

In order to commemorate the martyrs of the Soviet Red Army who died in the Anti Japanese fascist war, the Soviet Army stationed in Changchang built this memorial tower in Datong square (today's people's Square).

The Soviet martyrs memorial tower, also known as the aircraft tower, is located in the center of the central square of Renmin Street, Changchun City, Jilin Province. In 1945, at the end of the Second World War, the Soviet government declared war on Japan, and then sent troops to Northeast China to attack the Japanese Kwantung Army. On August 15, 1945, the Japanese government announced its unconditional surrender. In the autumn of this year, in order to commemorate the martyrs of the Soviet Red Army who died in the Anti Japanese fascist war, the commander-in-chief of the Soviet Army built this memorial tower in Datong square (today's people's Square), which was completed and unveiled on November 7, 1945.

Architectural structure

The memorial tower is composed of three parts: tower base, tower base and tower body. The design is unique, with granite stone veneer, straight edges and corners, harmonious, symmetrical and towering, which fully reflects the style of the Soviet style memorial building. The tower base is round, 30 meters in diameter and 0.1 meters in height, with granite plates inside. The tower has three floors. The first floor has a diameter of 20 meters and a height of 1 meter. Six short walls and six passageways with the same length are built on the outer edge. The walls are 0.8 meters high. The second floor has a diameter of 1 meter and a height of 0.5 meters. Four stone piers are built around it. The third floor is close to the tower body and has the same diameter as the square diagonal of the tower body (8 meters and a height of 0.42 meters). The tower is square in shape, with five floors. The height of 1-4 floors is 5 meters, the height of the fifth floor is 6 meters, and the height of the whole tower is 27.5 meters. The side length of the bottom layer of the tower is 5.7 meters, the volume of the other layers is gradually reduced, and the side length of the top layer is 2 meters. An iron Su bomber model is mounted on the top of the model to make it fly northward.

Inscriptions

The ground floor of the memorial tower is engraved with Russian or Chinese characters on all sides. In the north, the upper part is engraved with eight Chinese characters "the Soviet martyrs are immortal", which is signed as "people from all walks of life in Changchun City"; in the lower part, the Russian character "the heroes who died in battle for the glory and victory of the Soviet Union are immortal"; in the second and fourth layers, the Soviet national symbols and Red Army chapter relief are embedded; in the west, the names and names of 14 Soviet officers and martyrs are engraved in Russian Military rank: a square stone is erected at the top of the list, and the four corners are embossed with cirrus clouds. The side view model of the Soviet bombers in the central revolutionary war seems to fly through the clouds to the north. In the middle and lower part of the East, the names and ranks of nine Soviet soldiers and Sergeants are engraved in Russian, and the upper part is inlaid with aircraft mold and cirrus relief. In the south, the Russian characters in the middle and lower parts are "the pilots of the rear Baikal front army who died bravely in the battle for the honor and victory of the Soviet Union at that time"; the Chinese characters "the friendship between China and the Soviet Union will last forever" are engraved on the top; in the East and West, a square stone is built on the top respectively, and an iron cast green Soviet made bombing plane model is embedded, flying through the clouds to the north. On the second, third and fourth floors in the south, a 15 cm groove is left in the middle to divide the tower into two parts. The whole memorial tower is surrounded by green trees and flowers, such as pines, cypresses, birches, roses and Xixiang, making it particularly beautiful. It is the landmark of Changchun City.

historical background

According to the agreements reached with the U.S. and British allies at the "Yalta Conference" and "Potsdam Conference" in 1945, the Soviet Union immediately stepped up its preparations for the war against Japan after the end of the European campaign. In May 1945, the Soviet Union mobilized a large number of troops from the western front to the Far East. In terms of military strength and equipment, the Soviet army had absolute superiority. At 5:00 p.m. on August 8, 1945, Molotov, the foreign minister of the Soviet Union, summoned Japanese ambassador to Moscow Sato Shangwu, issued a notice of the Soviet Union declaring war on Japan, and announced face to face that the Soviet Union and Japan would enter a state of war from August 9. After 0 o'clock on August 9, the Red Army soldiers of the Soviet Union divided into four routes and crossed the border between China and the Soviet Union, launching a full-scale attack on the Japanese Kwantung Army. The first Soviet army, together with the Mongolian army, crossed the Great Xing'an Mountains through Manzhouli, crossed into the central plain of Northeast China, went straight into Changchun and Shenyang, cut off the contact between the Kwantung Army and the Japanese army in North China; the second Soviet Mongolian allied army marched towards Chengde, Zhangjiakou and Jinzhou; the third Soviet army marched into the central plain of Northeast China from the East, attacked Mudanjiang and Dunhua, and then attacked Jilin, Changchun and har After crossing Heilongjiang and Wusuli River in the north, the fourth Soviet army marched to Qiqihar and Harbin. Under the rapid and fierce attack of several Soviet armies, the Japanese Kwantung Army was unprepared and rushed to fight. In less than a week, it was easily defeated. On August 14, Japan announced its acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation. On August 15, the emperor broadcast the surrender edict. The whole line resistance of the Kwantung Army collapsed in an instant. On August 18, Yamada Yisan, commander of the Kwantung Army, ordered the Northeast Japanese army to stop fighting and surrender to the Soviet army. On August 19, the Soviet army occupied Qiqihar. On August 20, the Soviet army moved into Changchun, Shenyang, Harbin, Jiamusi and other cities; on August 22, the leading Soviet Army troops arrived in Lushun and Dalian; on August 23 and 24, the Soviet tank troops arrived in Lushun and Dalian by train. So far, the Soviet Union's victory over Japan over the past three weeks ended. With the cooperation of the Chinese people and the Korean people, the Soviet army defeated the Japanese Kwantung Army and the Japanese army stationed in Korea, accelerated Japan's surrender, and made great contributions to the final victory of the world anti fascist war. In the Far East campaign, the Soviet army killed 83737 Japanese soldiers, captured 594000 Japanese soldiers, and seized 686 tanks, 861 planes, 4300 artillery and mortars.

Relevant information

Changchun planning iron blood network

Address: Square in front of the Soviet martyrs' cemetery, Lushunkou District, Dalian

Longitude: 121.24677064418

Latitude: 38.830687447235

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Su Jun1 Lie Shi Ji Nian Ta