Han Tombs in qiandun, Jiuli

Han Tombs in qiandun, Jiuli

Jiuli qiangdun Han tombs are located in sheyanghu town to the east of Baoying County. They extend from Zhaojia village of sheyanghu town to tianpingzhuang village of Tianping township. The length is about 4.5 km from east to west. Within this range, there are thousands of tombs, like hanging pots and cauldrons.

Address of Han Tombs

The Han Tombs at qiandun in Jiuli, sheyanghu town in the east of Baoying County, was originally the seat of Sheyang County in the Han Dynasty. Within the area of about 16 square kilometers in the southwest, there are many high and low earth mounds, big and small, which are called "sheyangdun" in history.

history

Because of the large number of mounds, it was later commonly known as the "Nine Mile one thousand mounds" Han tomb group. These concentrated earth tombs provide rich material materials for us to understand the politics, economy, culture and history of Sheyang County in Han Dynasty.

According to historical records, Xiang Bo and Chen Lin, the seventh son of Jian'an, were buried here. Hundreds of precious cultural relics of bronze, pottery, jade and iron from the Han Dynasty have been unearthed here, such as "Han bronze tiger", "Qianjin stirrup" and "Shuangyu Tongxi". In the Qing Dynasty, a stone portrait of Confucius and Laozi was found here. Later, due to the Japanese occupation, the stone's whereabouts are unknown. Lu Xun once collected the rubbings, which are now in the collection of Nanjing Museum. "Jiuli qiandun" Han tomb group site is designated as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. People call it "the record of historical records, the symbol of civilization".

In the fifth year of Jian'an (200 years) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chen Deng, the governor of Guangling, rebuilt and dredged the ancient road of Hangou. He built water conservancy and developed agricultural economy, which made Sheyang prosper quickly. Sheyang County was abandoned in 486 B.C. and 479 B.C. during the 1000 years, it has been the transportation hub on the ancient road of Hangou, the feudal state of Xiangbo, the governing place of Guangling county and the reclamation land of the common people. Geographically, the northeast of Sheyang city is the vast Sheyang Lake, while the southwest is a relatively high land, which is the resting place for generations of Sheyang people.

According to Wanli BAOYING chronicle, Sheyang pier is located in the west of Sheyang Lake, with thousands of piers. If there are hanging pots and cauldrons, there are holding rooms of different sizes, and there are tunnels of different diameters. Zhu Yuefan, Jinshi and Jiujiang magistrate of the Ming Dynasty, once wrote a poem about the splendor of Sheyang mound: "ten thousand horses are lined up in sand mound, and Fu is lost in the sea of smoke". According to the shape, use and historical legend of mounds, the later generations named them with vivid and interesting names, such as gouyadun, wuguidun, hudun, jinniudun, Yadan Dun, flagpole Dun, xiajiadun, daidun, bajiaodun and so on. It is said that Zang Hong and Chen Rong in the Han Dynasty, in order to resist the invasion of the enemy, trained their troops and built mounds here. There are names and place names of the front zoumadun, back zoumadun, Yinmachi, mangao and so on. Therefore, the shape of jinniudun is like a lying cow. It is said that there are gold and silver treasures in the pier, so it is called jinniudun. Bamboo pier, one of the three best preserved landmarks, is named for its dense green bamboo.

How many mounds are there in Sheyang ancient and modern times? Wu Min Dao of Ming Dynasty wrote: "three thousand Sheyang mounds are scattered in Sheyang road." As the folk saying goes, "the 3600 mounds in Sheyang, I don't know who is the tomb of the king of Chu." Since the Qing Dynasty, it has been known as "nine Li and one thousand Duns". According to the survey in 1960, there are still more than 800 mounds and mounds. In 1998, there are only more than 70 mounds.

How did so many large-scale mounds come into being? Through previous archaeological investigations and excavation of some tombs, it is found that each mound contains several or even dozens of Han Dynasty tombs. Because of the high groundwater level in Sheyang area, the tombs here are mostly wooden coffin tombs and brick chamber tombs. These tombs were built on flat ground and then covered with earth. At first, it was just a family or family based burial ground arranged orderly and relatively independent. With the passage of time, it gradually formed a cemetery with a certain scale. Over time, these mounds collapsed and piled, piled and collapsed, and their descendants were constantly buried in the mounds.

characteristic

There are many cultural relics unearthed from Sheyang pier. According to historical records, there are thousands of cultural relics unearthed in the Qing Dynasty alone, among which the bronze washing of Han double fish and the bronze tiger of Han Dynasty are extremely precious. In 1883, Zhu bin, a member of Baoying County, discovered the stone gate of Sheyang in Shuangdun, pingjiazhuang, Sheyang. It is one of the earliest and influential stone carvings of Han Dynasty unearthed in China. In particular, a picture of "sage" and "Confucius meets Laozi" is more striking. Many scholars of epigraphy have written articles one after another and compiled it in the relevant description. Lu Xun not only has the rubbings of this stone, but also has studied them. After liberation, due to the destruction of farmland reconstruction and water conservancy construction, thousands of cultural relics, especially pottery, have been unearthed in Sheyang pier. They are not only large in quantity, but also rich in shape and decoration. Although the Han Dynasty pottery is not as exquisite as the pre Qin bronzes, nor as gorgeous as the later generations' porcelain, it has a unique bold style, bold and powerful spirit. In 1981, a cup and plate case with phoenix pattern was unearthed in qianzoumadun. The design is ingenious and unique, the production process is exquisite, and the paint color is as bright as new, which fully demonstrates the achievements of Han Dynasty lacquer craft. The Kui pattern blue jade Bi unearthed at bajiaodun in 1982 and the dragon and phoenix pattern white jade pendant unearthed at daidun in 1998 are the masterpieces of jade craft in Han Dynasty. The unearthed official and private seals of huailing provide valuable material for studying the seal system of Han Dynasty. In order to strengthen the development and utilization of ancient Sheyang Han culture resources, the local government is planning to build Sheyang Han culture tourism area. The Han tombs of "nine Li and one thousand Duns" in Sheyang and other relics of the Han Dynasty are showing the brilliance of Chinese Han culture with its unique charm and simple style, and are welcoming more and more Chinese and foreign tourists.

Related information

Chen Lin, a counselor of Cao Cao, or a group of Han Tombs buried in Baoying

Wei Minghua, director of Yangzhou Cultural Research Institute, said that at that time, Cao Cao had famous "Jian'an seven sons", among whom Chen Lin, the elder, was from Sheyang (now BAOYING) in Guangling. He has made great achievements in poetry, prose and Fu. As a representative of the poem, a journey to the Great Wall grottoes, he describes the sufferings of the people caused by heavy labor, which is of great practical significance. His prose style is vigorous and strong. However, in that turbulent era, he changed his master, served He Jin, Yuan Shao, and Cao Cao successively, and was keen on fame. Finally, he fell ill and died. Sheyanghu town of Baoying County was the administrative center of Sheyang County in Han Dynasty. In its southwest area of about 16 square kilometers, there are many high and low earth piers, big and small, which is called "Sheyang pier" in history. Because of the large number of mounds, it was later commonly known as the "Nine Mile one thousand mounds" Han tomb group. It is said that Chen Lin was buried in it, but there is no clear archaeological evidence. The founder of traditional Chinese medicine in Yangzhou is a disciple of Hua Tuo.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, which other people were related to Yangzhou? Wei Minghua said that at that time Yangzhou was in the middle of the Wei and Wu regimes. At one time it belonged to Wei, at another time it belonged to Wu, and sometimes it was a "vacuum" area that both sides did not care about. According to Wei Minghua, Cao Cao never set foot in Yangzhou in his whole life, but his son Cao Pi came to Yangzhou and sighed to the rolling Yangtze River: "this is really a natural barrier!" Hua Tuo, a famous doctor who cured Cao Cao's over pain, also worked in Yangzhou for a long time. His only disciple Wu Pu was from Yangzhou. Wu Pu has always been regarded as the founder of Yangzhou traditional Chinese medicine. Before liberation, there were Wupu temples in Yangzhou.

In addition, there was a bachelor named Zhang Zhen in Yangzhou who worked as a counselor in the eastern Wu Dynasty. Together with Zhang Zhao, he was called "Er Zhang". Although he and Chen Lin are in two different camps, they have a good relationship and often have correspondence. Once, Chen Lin wrote a letter to Zhang, praising his high literary level; Zhang wrote back that he was just a "little witch to see a big witch" in front of Chen Lin. This is the origin of the idiom "a little witch sees a great witch".

BAOYING Shang Zhou site is the only project in Yangzhou to participate in the evaluation of "ten discoveries"

It belongs to the North-South exchange collision area in Shang and Zhou dynasties——

The Shang and Zhou cultural sites in shuangju have been selected as the "top ten new discoveries of the third national cultural relics survey in Jiangsu Province", which is the only project in Yangzhou. In April and may 2009, archaeologists from Yangzhou Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology were stationed in zhaxia market town. Ji Shoushan, head of Baoying County Museum, said that after a 20 day investigation by archaeologists, a batch of pottery, bone ware and other production tools were unearthed, including Ding, Dou, can, Cuan, kettle, bowl and so on.

Ji Shoushan told reporters that shuangju Shang Zhou cultural site is located in the east of shuangju village canal, Xinghua in the northeast, Gaoyou in the south, surrounded by lakes and swamps, shuangju River in the north and Guangyang Lake in the south. The site is surrounded by Fenghuang ditch, 240 meters long from east to west and 260 meters long from north to south. The terrain is higher in the northwest and relatively flat in the southeast. On the surface of the earth, we can often find pottery flakes with rope and mat patterns. The underground accumulation is rich, ranging from 1.7 to 2.8 meters in depth.

According to historical data, there were human activities here in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and there was no way to check the history afterwards. In the Ming Dynasty, the Xu family of Suzhou moved to this place after Hongwu scattered, so it was named shuangju. In the 1950s, shuangju was transferred to BAOYING from Gaoyou. Shuangju site belongs to the North-South exchange collision area in Shang and Zhou dynasties

Chinese PinYin : Jiu Li Yi Qian Dun Han Mu Qun