The fifth spring in the world

The fifth spring in the world

"The fifth spring in the world" is located in the Kangxi and Qianlong royal gardens of Daming Temple in Shugang, Yangzhou. Zhang Youxin, the number one scholar of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Gongbo, the Minister of punishment of the Tang Dynasty, and Lu Yu, the tea sage, all wrote about this spring. Emperor Qianlong visited the imperial garden of Daming Temple for three times, and the Tea Festival helped his poetry: "on the hill of Shu, there is jade and frankincense in spring." It's really: "famous people have always been able to judge water. Since ancient times, eminent monks love to fight tea." In the past, there has been a saying about the well of the pagoda and the well of the lower courtyard. Cangming, a monk of Daming Temple in the Ming Dynasty, once dug a well. In the middle of Jiajing period, Xu Jiugao, the censor of salt inspection, wrote the three characters of "the fifth spring" and the scarlet letter of Qingshi, which were full and magnificent, and called it "xiayuanjing". In the second year of Qianlong reign, Wang yinggeng dug a mountain pool to plant lotus flowers and built a ring Pavilion on the well. Wang Shu, a famous calligrapher and official, wrote "the fifth spring in the world".

The fifth spring in the world

Daming Temple in Yangzhou, in the northern suburb of Shugang Zhongfeng. There is a Pingshan hall in the temple. It is said that it was built by Ouyang Xiu in February of 1048, the eighth year of the Qing Li period of the Song Dynasty. It means "the mountains in the south of the Yangtze River bow to the front of the sill, if you can climb into it". After Pingshan hall is Gulin hall, which was built by Su Dongpo in memory of his mentor Ouyang Xiu. After Gulin hall is Ouyang temple. In addition, Jianzhen memorial hall was built in 1973. The west side of Daming Temple is the west garden, which has always been called song. It was built in 1736, the first year of Qianlong, and rebuilt in 1751, the 16th year of Qianlong. In the garden, there are dozens of pools, waterfalls and springs, which make a turning point. From the mountain pavilion to the boat house, a covered well pavilion was built in the pool, with a pulley on it, imitating the beautiful spring Pavilion of ancient times. Lotus hall is built in front of the pavilion. Edge stone Deng and south, stone gap and well. This is the well where the Ming monk Zhi cangming dug a spring. There are three stone inscriptions of "the fifth spring" on the side of Quanjing, which were written by Xu Jiugao, the emperor of Ming Dynasty. Next to the waterfall Pavilion, there is a plum blossom hall behind the pavilion. Take the strange stone as the wall, two walls clip the stream, in the wall has the spring Cong. In the past, bamboo was cut and nailed, and five springs were used to store the water in the monk's kitchen. To the right of the west garden, there is a fragrant garden.

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In Mao Wenxi's "tea manual" of the Five Dynasties, it is said that "the Zen wisdom temple in Yangzhou, the Palace Museum of Sui Dynasty, has a tea garden in Shugang beside the temple, its tea is sweet and fragrant, and its taste is like Mengding." Mengding is the top of Mount Meng in Emei, Sichuan Province. The tea on the top of the mountain is a treasure of the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi once wrote the poem "water in the Yangtze River, tea on the top of Mount Meng". At that time, Shugang tea was also used as a tribute. Up to now, there are 500 mu of tea trees in Shugang. Its tea is praised by yunei for its fresh and tender buds, tight ties, bright soup color and strong fragrance. Yangzhou not only good tea, but also pay attention to brewing, the first is water, the best water for tea should be Wuquan water. Zhang Youxin, the number one scholar in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the story of Jiancha Shui. He said that Li Xiuqing was appointed governor of Huzhou during the reign of emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty. He met Lu Yu on his way to Weiyang, and Li Zao heard Lu's name. He was very admiring and had a good time together. When their boat was moored by the Yangtze River for dinner, Li Xiuqing said, "Lu Junshan is famous for other teas in the world, and the water in the south of the Yangtze River is unique. It's rare that today's ER Miao is once in a thousand years. How can we miss it?" Lu Yu readily agreed, so Li Xiuqing ordered a prudent and reliable sergeant to take a boat with a bottle and go deep into the south of the Yangtze River to get zero water. Lu Yu prepared a tea set to wait for him. After a while, the water came. Lu Yu lifted it with a ladle and said, "this is the water in the middle of the Yangtze River. It's true, but it's not the Nanling water, but the water near the shore." The sergeant said, "I rowed deep, and there were 100 people to testify.". Without saying a word, Lu Yu asked him to take up the basin and pour the water into another basin. When he poured it half way, he lifted it with a ladle and said, "the following is Nanling water.". Terrified, the soldiers knelt down to plead guilty. It turns out that he did get the water from Nanling at first, but when he was near the shore, half of the water from zhoudang was spilled, so he filled it up with river water nearby. Li Xiuqing and the guests were greatly surprised, and asked Lu Yu to dictate the advantages and disadvantages of the world's water. Lu Yu said: the Yangtze River is the seventh with zero water, Huishan water is the second, Huqiu water is the fifth, Danyang water is the eleventh, and Yangzhou Daming Temple water is the twelfth. Liu Bochu, who came after Lu Yu, was also a learned man. He ranked the best water for tea cooking in the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers as seven grades: zero water in the south of the Yangtze River, stone water in Huishan temple in Wuxi, stone water in Huqiu temple in Suzhou, Guanyin Temple in Danyang County, Wusong River and Huaihe River.

Daming Temple

Daming Temple water in Shugang, Yangzhou, ranked fifth. When Ouyang Xiu was in Yangzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, he tasted the spring water, built a "beautiful spring Pavilion" on the well, and wrote a record of springs in Daming Temple to praise the beauty of the spring water. When Su Dongpo was guarding Yangzhou, he once wrote: "the water in the West Gallery well of Daming Temple tower courtyard and the Shu well of lower courtyard is better than that in the tower courtyard." It's true: famous people can always judge water. Since ancient times, eminent monks love to fight tea. In the past, there has been a saying about the well of the pagoda and the well of the lower court. Cangming, a monk of Daming Temple in the Ming Dynasty, once dug a well. In the middle of Jiajing, Xu Jiugao, the censor of salt inspection, wrote the three characters of "the fifth spring" and the blue stone and red letter. The shape is plump and magnificent, so he called it the well of the lower court. In the second year of Qianlong reign, Wang yinggeng dug a mountain pool to plant lotus flowers and built a ring Pavilion on the well. Wang Shu, a famous calligrapher, wrote "the fifth spring in the world".

Jian Cha Shui Ji

The fifth spring in pingshantang West garden is the fifth spring in the world listed in Zhang Youxin's Jian Cha Shui Ji. Ouyang Xiu once disagreed with this. After Ouyang Xiu was demoted, he moved from Chuzhou to Yangzhou and became governor of Jiangdu. Because of the ups and downs of his official career, he often went out to express his love for mountains and rivers, drink and write poems. One day, he came to Daming Temple. The old monk met a state official and sent the young monk to make fragrant tea. Although the old monk knew the identity of the comer, he was indifferent. He thought that Ouyang Xiu was just a demoted official. He might have lost his reputation, but he didn't necessarily have a university question in his mind.

Historical allusions

After a while, the little monk brought up the tea. Ouyang Xiu took a sip and asked the old monk where the water came from? The old monk's face suddenly showed a proud look, and replied: "this water is drawn from a spring in our temple, which has always been known as" the fifth spring in the world. " Ouyang Xiu heard this and asked, "excuse me, master, what's the basis for saying that it's the fifth spring in the world?"

"This is what Zhang Youxin of Tang Dynasty said." The old monk replied, and found Zhang Youxin's "Jian Cha Shui Ji" and gave it to Ouyang Xiu.

"Zhang Youxin didn't travel all over the world. Naturally, he didn't taste all kinds of spring water. He just took the spring water for granted and divided it into seven grades, which is not enough." Ouyang Xiu impolitely enlisted the old monk.

The old monk moved out the tea Saint Lu Yu again, saying that Zhang Youxin wrote according to what Lu Yu said. In Jinshan Temple of Zhenjiang, Ling spring is the first, Huishan stone spring of Wuxi is the second, Huqiu stone spring of Suzhou is the third, Guanyin Temple of Danyang county is the fourth, Daming Temple spring of Yangzhou is the fifth, Songjiang water is the sixth and huaishui water is the seventh. How can the theory of tea sage be wrong. The old monk's tone was firm and confident. I didn't expect Ouyang Xiu to pursue him. He asked: "master, it's true that Zhang Youxin's words came from Lu Yu. Then, according to whom did Lu Yu say it?" The old monk is speechless.

Ouyang Xiu said to the monks very seriously: "in the Tang Dynasty, the surging Yangtze River was in the South and the rolling Yellow River was in the north. Rivers, lakes, springs and wells are not countable. Lu Yu and Zhang Youxin did not go through several prefectures and prefectures. Their comments on the seven springs are limited to the southeast corner. Who can guarantee that there will be no good water in and out of the Great Wall, up and down the Yellow River, Tianfu Sichuan and vast Chu? Lu and Zhang have not tasted the water of the world, so they rashly come to this conclusion. How credible is this? " He also said that all things should be investigated and investigated to find out the root and source, and no one should follow suit. This view is reasonable and admirable to the old monk.

Ouyang Xiu said goodbye to the monks from Daming Temple and returned to his mansion. On the same day, he wrote a story of springs in Daming Temple. The article praises the spring water of Daming Temple as "the beauty of water", which is neither the "world" of Daming Temple, nor what it belongs to. After writing the article, send someone to send it to the old monk of Daming Temple for correction. After reading it, the old monk admired him and became a good friend with Ouyang Xiu. The spring water of Daming Temple is really clear and sweet. Although the old monk often introduces it to people, it is the fifth spring in the world. This legend has been handed down to this day, but people still use the fifth spring in the world to praise Daming Temple spring.

Daming Temple West Garden

Now, Wuquan tea house has been built in the West Garden of Daming Temple. After visiting the scenic spots of Shugang, people take a rest in the tea house and taste the new tea brewed with five springs. It's really a pleasant enjoyment.

Address: Daming Temple, No.8, pingshantang East Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City

Longitude: 119.4130859914

Latitude: 32.419485396924

Tel: 0514-87331089

Ticket information: no ticket required. It is included in the ticket of Daming Temple

Chinese PinYin : Tian Xia Di Wu Quan