Qude Temple

Qude Temple

Qude temple is located in Jilong County, Shigatse area, to the south of the county, with an altitude of 4050 meters. Qude temple is also known as "qudanlunbuxi Temple" and "Wo RI Zhongjue Gandan peijuelin Temple".

Qude temple was first worshipped by Ningma sect, and changed to Gelug Sect during the fifth Dalai Lama (awan rosangjiacuo) in the 17th century. It is under the jurisdiction of jizacang of Sera Monastery in Lhasa. The term of office of Kanbu is three years. It was appointed by jizacang of Sera Monastery and followed until the democratic reform in 1959.

Temple layout

The layout of Qude temple is an east-west longitudinal rectangle with a construction area of 1800 square meters (60 meters long and 30 meters wide). It is composed of vestibule, porch, main hall, tower hall and a series of subsidiary buildings.

Vestibule: it is an open-air vestibule with an area of 232 square meters (29 meters long and 8 meters wide), facing east from the West. Every year when religious activities are held in the north on December 29 of the Tibetan calendar, it can accommodate 90 lamas.

Porch: located in the west of the vestibule. It covers an area of 6 columns and 48 square meters (12 meters long and 4 meters wide), including 4 square columns with a diameter of 40 cm and 2 columns with a diameter of 20 cm. On the east side of the porch is the gate, 2.4 meters wide. The west wall of the corridor is painted with four heavenly kings, the top of the lintel is painted with three zongkaba masters and disciples, the South and North walls are painted with three zongkaba masters and disciples, and the South and North walls are painted with Buddhist "eight treasures" and longevity patterns.

The scale

The main hall of Qude Temple: the door faces east, the plane is slightly square, covering an area of 480 square meters (24 meters long and 20 meters wide). There are 22 octagonal columns (originally 36), seven in depth and seven in width. On the columns, beams and rafters, there are decorative patterns such as Ruyi cloud head, lotus petals and rolled grass patterns, and on the wood members there are animal patterns such as birds, lions and deer.

In Qude temple, the south wall of the temple is originally decorated with a Thousand Buddhas carved on wooden ends; in the north end of the west wall is decorated with the body of Lama qiangquwo, the founder of the temple, and the living Buddha kanbumangbu Kadun in the temple, which is said to have been destroyed when Gurkha invaded the temple during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty; in the south end of the west wall is decorated with the temple master's throne and several gold-plated Buddha statues such as Sakyamuni and bandaram; on the wall is decorated with a wooden Sutra cabinet, which contains precious books《 Ganzhuer and danzhuer have one set each.

Facilities in the temple

The four walls of Qude temple are covered with murals. At the south end of the east wall, there is a black cloth with three eyes on the face, holding a flag in the left hand and a hook and rope in the right hand, riding a white hoofed black horse, hanging an arrow bag and a big knife on the waist, and dogs and wolves below. In the middle, there are three Buddha statues, the main Buddha sitting on the lotus terrace, with monks inside and yellow cassock outside, among which there are many disciples On the right side of the statue are painted the patriarch of Ningma sect, wearing a red hat and yellow cassock, sitting on the red platform. Under the statue are three Sakyamuni disciples and three jiletian with a lotus crown and big earrings. At the bottom are painted the statue of Guanyin with four arms. At the last end are painted the master Ma Touming Wang, the body of an eagle and the head of a horse, is decorated with lotus, auspicious cloud, Falun, Vajra pestle and other patterns at the bottom.

At the north end of the east wall: from the left is the picture of reincarnation and twenty-one statues of Tara; on the far right is the Dharma protector Banda mosongjiamu, with three blue eyes, halberd in the right hand and tianlinggai in the left hand, riding on a yellow mule, surrounded by small statues: in front of them are dragons and six armed Yihu gongbuqia County, behind them are fierce lions and spirits blowing human bone law, and carrying out law enforcement battles, on top of which are BMW, camel, eagle, sheep, dog, wolf, etc Everything goes with it. West wall: the main statue is risong Gongbu statue: Sakyamuni Buddha is in the middle, Qiangba Buddha is on the left, sangjiewusongsong is on the right; from the top left, there are mirariba, Shengshan gangrenboge, zongkaba, cibamai, gaquzhuoma and other statues; from the bottom, there are two disciples of sangjiewusong and zhuomasepu (huangdumu) and other statues. The South and North walls are also painted with portraits of the Buddha, Bodhisattva, Tara and Dalai.

There are 15 rooms on the second floor of the main hall, five of which are the residence of Zaba, and the rest are "Nie Zhang" (warehouse); there are 18 rooms on the third floor, seven of which are the master bedroom of the temple, and the rest are monks' houses. At present, the superstructure has been collapsed and destroyed, only small windows are left on the debris.

architectural style

Tashigoma: originally a three story building. The bottom floor is the pagoda hall, with a 1.2-meter-wide doorway and 5-fold door frame. It is vividly carved with lotus, rolled grass, lotus, lion's head, dragon and other patterns. The hall is rectangular in shape, with an area of 133.28 square meters (13.6 meters, 9.8 meters wide). It has three wide faces, three deep faces and four pillars. In the hall, there used to be a pagoda with a height of more than 10 meters. There are more than 200 gold-plated Buddha statues on the East, South and north sides of the pagoda, which no longer exist. The second floor is xiayakang. There are 16 Arhats' gold-plated statues on the south wall. At the junction of the south wall and the west wall, there are three statues of Guanyin Bodhisattva on the west wall. One of them is gold-plated and two are sandalwood. On the side of them are 21 Tara statues, which are made of gold-plated copper and sandalwood. On the west side of the north wall, there are master lianhuasheng and chianadojie The statue of Dharma protector.

The third floor is mainly the Dharma protection temple, with three rooms, one in the northwest corner of which is dedicated to the body of rajian quebasanbu living Buddha, sitting cross legged, wearing a yellow monk hat, wearing golden cassock, hot diamond bell in the right hand, and diamond pestle in the left hand; there is also a statue of ox head King Kong in the room, slightly higher than the real person, with jumping utensils hanging on the four walls. In the northeast corner, one is dedicated to the God of Dharma, such as Gongbu, langsai and Lamani statues, which are life size; the other is called lagonsong. There was a golden roof on the top of tashigoma, which made the temple magnificent.

Dongxialacan; located in the northwest corner of the main hall. It was originally a three-layer building built of stone and adobe. On the ground floor, there are four rooms, all of which are warehouses; on the upper floor, there are rajikang, a meeting place for housekeepers and so on. There are iron bar houses and small houses, as well as a small Buddhist hall with 35 clay statues. No longer exists.

Labrang; located to the west of the main hall. It was originally on the second floor. It was the residence of lamas with a certain status in the temple. There are 10 rooms on the upper and lower floors. The southwest corner of the lower floor is the residence of "shenpo", and the north side is the residence of canbrajian quebasanbu. There are more than 100 gold-plated Buddha statues in it.

Before the democratic reform in Tibet, there were 93 monks in Qude temple. In 1959, part of the temples were destroyed and all of them were abandoned during the cultural revolution. Since 2014, a Buddhist hall and three monk houses have been rebuilt at the site of the temple, covering an area of about 150 square meters. In the Buddhist hall, many relics such as bronze Buddha statues and cymbals were collected from the original temple.

Wooden peacock component: 1.2m long, 0.9m wide and 0.6m high. The side of the wooden structure is carved with a peacock pattern, with feet supporting the ground and long screen wings, which is like looking back and gazing. It is carved in relief, simple and concise, with simple lines.

The Wood Statue of Shengle Vajra is 20 cm high and 14 cm wide. The main statue is surrounded by three eyes on each side and twelve arms. The main arm embraces the Ming imperial concubine, jinganghaimu (known as "dojipam" in Tibetan), and the man with one head on his bare foot. Like at the foot of the rosette, surrounded by flame backlight. The shape is vivid and the technique is skillful, which fully reflects the Lord's anger and deterrent power. It is a fine product of Ming Dynasty.

Two pairs of cymbals in the fifth year of Xuande in Ming Dynasty. One of the big pair is 42 cm in diameter, 20 cm in diameter and 9.5 cm in height. On one side of the dome is carved a pattern of double dragons playing with beads, with four feet of dragons and teeth dancing. The two dragons face each other. In the middle of the bead is a flame pearl. In the bead is engraved a deformed "Shou" character. On the other side is engraved a double line regular script with 11 characters: "made of gold and silver in five years of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty". The lines are long and smooth. The other pair is slightly smaller, with an outer diameter of 35 cm, an inner diameter of 18 cm and a total height of 8 cm. The two pairs of cymbals are well preserved, and their appearance is still glossy. The cymbals are well preserved, the appearance is still glossy, and the sound quality is loud when they are knocked. Cymbals belong to the category of eulogy, which are generally used in Buddhist rituals.

Gold plated bronze statue of dojishenba: 41 cm high, 28 cm wide, cast in bronze, gilded outside. The statue is surrounded by three eyes on each side, twelve arms, two legs bent, one kid stepping on each foot, naked, in the shape of anger, with peach shaped backlight behind it. It is a fine product of Ming Dynasty.

Gold plated bronze statue of marba: 40 cm high, 25 cm wide, cast in bronze, gilded on the outside; marba (1012-1097) is the founder of Kagyu sect in Kanbu, wearing monk's clothes and cassock on the outside; his left hand is bent on his thigh, holding a Vajra pestle in his palm, his right hand naturally droops, his middle finger touches the ground and bears the seal of subduing demons, sitting on the lotus seat with double lotus stands, 8 cm high. The body is plump and the expression is solemn. It is a fine product of Ming Dynasty.

Gold plated bronze statue of the king of Medicine: 54.5cm high and 31.5cm wide, cast in bronze and gilded on the outside. The king of medicine is called "Jue Mu Dan men Jia" in Tibetan. It is the incarnation of saving all living beings and being merciful. It has snails and hair on its head, white hair and monk's clothes. Its left hand is placed between the thighs, and its right hand is bent and stretched to pick up a herbal medicine. Under its body is a double lotus stand, 15 cm high, and it is sitting in a knot. Solemn expression, soft lines, with high artistic value. It is a fine product of Ming Dynasty.

Duoji gold-plated bronze statue: height 63 cm, body width 29 cm, weight 10.6 kg, bronze casting, gilded. He wears a lotus crown, large earrings, necklaces and arm ornaments. His arms intersect at the chest and bear the seal of King Kong Hongjia. He sits on the lotus platform with a beautiful posture and a vivid shape. It is a fine product of Ming Dynasty.

Address: Xigaze, Tibet Autonomous Region

Chinese PinYin : Qu De Si