Xincai Confucian Temple

Xincai Confucian Temple

Caizhou Confucian temple was built in 1304, the eighth year of Dade in the Yuan Dynasty. From the establishment of jiebei by Li Yan to Zhu Lingru in 1554, it changed its place for more than 200 years. In the early period of the Republic of China, many troops were stationed and frequently destroyed. Bandits entered the city and were ruined. The Chinese books, musical instruments, sacrificial utensils and dance clothes in the temple were all lost. Some ancestral halls, pavilions, Zhai, Lang, Kuixing building and Wenming building collapsed. The stone tablets and stone gates were damaged, and the Longmen was also removed during the Anti Japanese war. After two renovations of the Confucian temple, some ancient trees in the courtyard were cut down. The center of the back wall of Dacheng hall was changed to protrude backward, and the image of the hole was moved backward. During this period, the Department has run schools of persuasion, teacher's training, junior primary school and complete primary school.

history

According to the records of Xincai county annals, the school of Confucian temple was built and moved in Yuan and Ming Dynasties. In 1304 ad, he Town, the county magistrate, was first built in the south of dongmenwai road in the Yuan Dynasty. In the 11th year of Dade (A.D. 1307), Liyan, the county magistrate, was built on this basis. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it collapsed. In the 11th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1378 AD), the magistrate Ying Zongyi rebuilt it. In the first year of Tianshun (1457 AD), Wang Zhengyan was instructed to move from the south to the north of the road outside the east gate of the city because of his remoteness and inconvenience. In the 12th year of Zhengde (1517 AD), Liu Han, the magistrate of the county, had no respect for the Confucian temple outside the city and wanted to move. He visited Nisi temple in the southeast corner of the city. He thought it was a wonderful and good place, so he demolished the temple and destroyed the idol, and started to move The lecture hall was shut down because of Liu Han's resignation. At this time, the main hall was still outside the city, and the new lecture hall was called nanxue. In the 33rd year of Jiajing reign (1554 AD), Zhu Ru, the county magistrate, proposed to build a school Palace on this basis shortly after he took office. It will be completed in May of the next year. At the end of Ming Dynasty, the palace walls were decadent. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, the county magistrate Zhong crocodile, Tan Hongxian, Yu Shuxu, etc. had been rebuilt. In the 24th year of Kangxi (1688 AD), LV Minfu, the magistrate of the county, was renovated, and equipment such as sacrificial utensils and dance music were added. A rigorous system was established to make the temple look brand new.

In the early period of the Republic of China, many troops were stationed and frequently destroyed. Bandits entered the city and were ruined. The Chinese books, musical instruments, sacrificial utensils and dance clothes in the temple were all lost. Some ancestral halls, pavilions, Zhai, Lang, Kuixing building and Wenming building collapsed. The stone tablets and stone gates were damaged, and the Longmen was also removed during the Anti Japanese war. After two renovations of the Confucian temple, some ancient trees in the courtyard were cut down. The center of the back wall of Dacheng hall was changed to protrude backward, and the image of the hole was moved backward. During this period, the Department has run schools of persuasion, teacher's training, junior primary school and complete primary school.

On the eve of liberation, the Confucian temple was ransacked again, and most of the buildings in the courtyard still have remains. After liberation, the government set up a completely new primary school here. During the cultural revolution, the only remaining buildings suffered another disaster, and a lower limb of the bronze statue of Confucius was destroyed. After restoration, it was moved to the county cultural relics protection unit for safekeeping. Although Dacheng hall has gone through vicissitudes, wind and rain, it still retains the characteristics of ancient architecture, and is now listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.

Architecture

Dacheng hall is a five ridge single eaves Xieshan type high platform with three deep beams. It is a brick and wood structure building with five rooms in width, 9.2m in height, 18.5M in width and 9.8m in depth. It is erected with heavy beams. The diameter of beams and columns is 0.40m, the diameter of columns is 0.43m, and the square seat is 0.72 × 0.72. The walls are built with grey tiles and red bricks. The dragon's back is rolled. The taps at both ends are extended. The bucket arch is one bucket and three liters. The four corners are tilted outward. The iron bell is hanging high. The front wall is a wooden lattice door with flowers, carved with eight immortals and lattice windows. In the center of the back wall of the hall, a wooden shrine is placed on the altar four feet high. A bronze statue of Confucius (made in the Ming Dynasty and the only remaining bronze statue of Confucius in China) is sitting in the middle of the shrine. It is 1, It is 25 meters long and weighs 200 kg. The inscription on the lower left corner of the skirt is: Cao Daxia, the head of the Ministry of punishment granted by the imperial edict of the Ming Dynasty, was built in Jiajing on the day of gengxu. The inscription on the lower right corner is: the statues of Confucius Sikou, Yan zengsi and Meng, each one of whom was worshipped by the emperor of the Ming Dynasty. For example, there is a Lingpai in front of it, which is written in gold characters as "the position of Confucius as the most holy and forerunner", accompanied by four memorial tablets of Yan, Zeng, Si and Meng on both sides. There are two iron casting animal bottles on both sides of the shrine, and a brocade tent is hung in front of the shrine to cover the dust. In the middle of the hall corridor, there is a plaque of "model of all generations" written by Emperor Kangxi in the 24th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi. There are four steles in the hall: 1. Rebuild the Confucian stele; 2. Rebuild the Confucian stele; 3. Rebuild the Confucian temple stele; 4. Yan zizan stele. There are seven corridor rooms in the East and west sides of Dacheng hall. On the lintel in the middle of the corridor room, there are inscriptions saying "Jin Sheng" in the East and "Yu Zhen" in the west, which means "to sound with a golden bell, to rhyme with a jade fragrance, and to gather all the sounds". In the center of the front eaves of the hall, there is a vertical plaque with three golden characters "Dacheng hall". The platform under the eaves is 0.7 meters high and 0.8 meters wide. There are steps in the East and west of the platform, and there are fine carved bluestone dragon patterns in the center of the south. In front of the hall, there are two dismounting steles, 0.25 meters high and 0.5 meters wide, with the inscription: "civil and military officials are ordered to dismount here.". According to the county annals: in the old days, when the spring and Autumn Festival was held, there was an endless stream of people and cigarettes around the hall.

Hole image

The bronze statue of Confucius in Xincai Confucian temple is the only bronze statue of Confucius in Ming Dynasty in China. It is made of bronze (copper, tin, lead alloy) by casting pottery model, then by fine processing, carving patterns, and finally by gold. With a height of 1.3 meters, a seat width of 0.9 meters, a shoulder width of 0.45 meters, and a weight of 200 kg, the statue wears a lotus crown with cloud pattern on its head, a pair of court boots on its feet, a court dress with brocade pattern and lotus pattern on its skirt, a ribbon on its chest, a lacquer flat seat, a Chaohu in its hand, a full moon on its face, and two eyes overlooking it. It looks gentle and solemn, just like a scholar's manner of tireless teaching and learning. The inscription on the lower left of the statue is: "Cao Daxia, the head of the Ministry of amnesty and enfeoffment in the Ming Dynasty, built in 1550 A.D."; the inscription on the lower right of the statue is: "the statue of Confucius Sikou, Yan zengsi and Meng, each of whom was worshiped, and the palace was worshipped by all ages." the bronze statue is the earliest bronze statue of Confucius in China, which can be called a national treasure.

position

Xincai Confucian temple is located in the southeast corner of Gulu office in Xincai County, 150 meters away from nanchenghe Road (Minglin Road) in the south, less than 1500 meters away from Zhuxin road and national highway 106, and about 15 kilometers away from the proposed ashen expressway. It is 102 kilometers away from Zhumadian City, 130 kilometers away from Chaya mountain scenic spot, 120 kilometers away from Boshan Lake scenic spot and 160 kilometers away from Tongshan mountain scenic spot.

Longitude: 114.98552703857

Latitude: 32.749221801758

Chinese PinYin : Xin Cai Wen Miao