tieshansi national forest park

tieshansi national forest park

Tieshansi Forest Park, located in Xuyi county, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, is a national AAAA scenic spot. Covering an area of 70.58 square kilometers, 23.73 square kilometers of secondary forest sea and 9 square kilometers of pure Tianquan lake surrounded by mountains constitute a unique microclimate environment. There are more than 40 kinds of wild animals, 170 kinds of birds, 280 kinds of trees, nearly 1000 kinds of plants and more than 800 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, most of which are marginal species in the north and South regions. They are natural animal and plant gene banks. The natural landscape and cultural landscape in the park are quite unique. People can not only enjoy the unique natural scenery, make people relaxed and happy, but also explore the mysteries of science, and feel the heavy history and culture here.

In February 2020, in order to pay homage to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of "anti epidemic", the charging scenic spots in Huai'an City will be open to medical workers all over the country free of charge.

geographical environment

Tieshan temple is located in the low mountain and hilly area of basalt in the Dabie Mountains. The sea level is more than 100 meters, and the highest point is 196.6 meters. The hillside is steep, the hilltop is wide and flat, the gullies are flat and shallow, and the mountains are continuous, showing a large area of overall distribution. Tianquan lake, covering an area of 900 hectares, infiltrates into the area from north to south, forming an extremely special microclimate. The annual average temperature is 14.9 degrees, which is 0.2 degrees higher than the average temperature of the whole county. The active accumulated temperature above zero is 5450 degrees, which is 100 degrees higher than the average temperature of the whole county. The annual average precipitation is more than 1050 mm, which is 55 mm more than the average precipitation of the whole county. Therefore, the region is rich in wild vegetation resources. Among the 15 distribution types of seed plants in China, Tieshansi accounts for 14 types (only lacking the distribution type of Central Asia).

.

natural resources

Animal resources

Due to the special ecological environment, there are more than 40 kinds of wild animal resources in Tieshansi nature reserve. The main species are wolves, badgers, foxes, hedgehogs, etc. among them, muntjacs, grass foxes, falcons, cranes, etc. many of them are national protected birds. For example, pheasant, Shoudai, thrush, myna, etc. can be seen everywhere in the area, and there are 13 kinds of snakes in the area. Due to the special geographical environment of the area, there are 258 species of insects in more than 30 families of 12 orders, mainly Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, among which papilio is a national protected insect. Tieshan temple, with its special geographical location and good ecological environment, is unique in Northern Jiangsu. It is not only a good place for many animals and plants to live and multiply, but also an ideal place for universities and scientific research departments to use for teaching and scientific investigation of natural animal and plant gene bank.

Vegetation resources

There are more than 290 families and more than 1000 kinds of plants in the area, including 200 kinds of ornamental plants, such as Phoebe, diandimei, orchid, lily, Aristolochia and begonia, and more than 800 kinds of medicinal plants, such as Jiaogulan, TAIZISHEN, Beishashen, dangshen, Jigeng, Mujing, Wujia, Mutong, Caoshanhu, Baihe, Alisma orientalis and rehmannia. Among them, Beishashen and Mihoutao are discovered for the first time in the area There are more than 100 kinds of fiber plants, such as ramie, nettle, tarpaulin and so on; there are more than 400 kinds of forage grass, such as wild steamed wheat, thatched grass, Cyperus, Mitsubishi grass; some can be used as food, and have high medicinal value, which is a good food therapy vegetables; there are more than 14 kinds of ferns in the hinterland of Tieshansi nature reserve. There are more than 390 kinds of vines, including Golden dog, Guanzhong, Lingxiao, wisteria, etc., which not only have high ornamental value, but also have high medicinal value.

The mountains, forests, springs, lakes, stones and caves in the area are naturally made and the scenery is natural. Tieshansi Forest Resort integrates leisure, entertainment and health care. Built at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Tieshan temple, destroyed by war, has been restored and is known as "the first temple in Northern Jiangsu". The observation base of Zijinshan Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences has been settled in the park. Astronomy science park, Jurassic paradise, peacock International Club and student quality education base are ideal places to carry out science popularization theme tourism and practical teaching.

Introduction of woody plants

The forest distribution in Tieshansi National Forest Park belongs to the warm temperate subtropical forest community type area. Due to the high temperature of the mountain, more precipitation, and surrounded by mountains, the human impact is small, and the better ecological environment is basically preserved. It is mainly secondary broad-leaved forest, with a small area of artificial forest, rich in tree species resources, showing an obvious transition from the North warm zone to the subtropical zone. There are 533 species of higher species in the area, including more than 290 species of 74 families of woody plants, mainly including: Dalbergia, Robinia pseudoacacia, Quercus, Pistacia chinensis, lacquer tree, pine, cypress, Phyllostachys pubescens, etc. In the obvious transitional zone, the tree species are Magnolia grandiflora. According to the original data, it is located in the southern margin of Xuzhou, bounded by the Yangtze River, and not recorded in the north of the river. It is not only distributed in the nature reserve, but also grows well. The upper tree species are Quercus, Robinia pseudoacacia, lacquer tree, pine, etc.; the middle tree species are Dalbergia, Calligonum, niubishuan, Magnolia, Tilia, etc.; the lower tree species are jiangzhejiaozhang, Piper nigrum, etc.; the stratum is yehuo, corolla, Zanthoxylum nitidum, etc. Many fossil tree species, such as papaya, Ginkgo biloba and snow willow, also grow in the area. According to expert identification, those that have lasted for hundreds or even thousands of years are still flourishing and growing well.

Traffic information

Shanghai tourists can take the train to Nanjing station, transfer to Xuyi at the nearby central gate bus station, and take the Tieshan temple tourist bus to the forest park. The total journey is 360 km. Including the journey, you can make a two-day tour. The driving route is Shanghai Nanjing Xuyi county Tieshan temple. If you have a car, you can take the route from Shanghai to Nanjing to Hanjian in Anhui to Banta in Anhui to the ancient city of Xuyi to Tieshan temple. This route can be shortened by tens of kilometers compared with the line on the line. If you have plenty of time to return, you can visit Huai'an City in addition to the cities along the Shanghai Nanjing line, and visit historical celebrities such as Zhou Enlai, Han Xin, Guan Tianpei and Liang Hongyu.

Transportation Guide:

Self driving: driving route: ① Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and other cities can take the Shanghai Nanjing Expressway. Along the way, you can go through Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nanjing to the Second Yangtze River Bridge in Nanjing. There are signs of "to Nanjing Lianyungang expressway, Nanjing Luoyang expressway" in the front, to Huai'an, enter Nanjing Lianyungang expressway, go to JIUPU, look at the sign, go to JIUPU, and go west to tieshansiguo along the road Home forest park.

② Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Nantong, Taizhou and other cities can take Yangli highway, Ningtong highway, Ninglian highway or Ninglian highway to reach Tieshan temple.

③ Xuzhou, Suqian and other cities can take the Nanjing Suzhou Xuzhou Expressway to the Nanjing Lianyungang Expressway first, and then to the old shop to Tieshan temple.

Public transport:

① Starting from Shanghai: take a bus from Shanghai long distance passenger station to Xuyi passenger station or Huai'an passenger station, and then transfer to the traffic in the city or take a taxi.

② Starting from Hangzhou: take a bus from Hangzhou bus station to Xuyi bus station or Huai'an bus station, and then transfer to the traffic in the city or take a taxi.

③ Starting from Nanjing: take a bus from Nanjing to Xuyi passenger station or Huai'an passenger station, and then transfer to the scenic spot or take a taxi.

④ Urban transportation: you can take bus No. 11, 12, 39, 69 to get there.

Buddhist culture

Tieshan Temple

Tieshan temple was built in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was built by Yan Fodiao, the first monk to become a monk in the Han Dynasty. In 117 BC, the sixth year of the reign of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, linhuai county was set up, and Xuyi was the headquarters of the Duwei of linhuai county. According to the records in chusanzang Ji Ji Ji, Yan fo was transferred to linhuai County, which is now Xuyi. During the reign of emperor Huan (Liu Zhi) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Luoyang had become the center for translating Buddhist scriptures in Chinese and established the first temple in Chinese history, Baima temple. As an intellectual at that time, Yan Fodiao was deeply distressed that he had talent but no way to serve his country. He went to Luoyang from linhuai county and got to know an Shigao in Hongru temple. Sabbath monk appreciated his erudition and talent, and Yan fo Diao was also influenced by Buddhist thoughts. He became a monk and devoted himself to Buddhist Studies and took part in Sutra translation. He became the first (earliest) Han monk in China. His main works include FA Jing Jing Jing, Shi Hui Zhang Ju of Shami, Da Bao Ji Jing, Yu Jia Association of elders, etc. In 182 ad, Yan Fodiao returned to his hometown linhuai county and presided over the construction of several temples dominated by Tieshan temple to spread Buddhism. He hoped that his mountain opening Taoist temple would continue to be as strong as the incense, so he named it "Tieshan Temple".

The temple covers an area of two or three hundred mu. It took 15 years to build. It has been expanded in successive dynasties and built repeatedly. By the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the temple reached its peak in scale, with hundreds of mu of stone pillars and niches. It has formed more than ten temples with Tieshan temple as the center, including Longwo temple, Wanggu temple, Qingliang temple, Longshan temple, etc It thundered like thunder. The cultural exchange of temples is also quite frequent. The monks who preside over the temples are intoxicated and travel around. They bring back rare species from the north and south of the Yangtze River and even the Korean Peninsula, and gradually develop a preference for plant cultivation in mountainous areas. In the early years of the Republic of China, bandits were rampant, and more than ten temples were occupied by mountain bandits. At that time, the national government mobilized a division to suppress the bandits, and most of the temple buildings were destroyed by war. After liberation, only part of the Buddhist temples and broken walls were left, but many Buddhists still came here to worship. In the late period of the cultural revolution, he served as the Revolutionary Committee of Jiangsu Province

Chinese PinYin : Tie Shan Si Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan