Kinmen Island

Kinmen Island

Jinmen island is an island in Xiamen Bay, with an area of 151.65 square kilometers and a population of about 105400. It is about 10 kilometers away from Xiamen City and was once a frontier military island.

Jinmen island is located in the southwest sea area of Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, China. It is isolated from the east of Xiamen Island. It is the throat of Xiamen port and serves as a barrier for Southern Fujian. It looks at Taiwan in the East and faces Xiamen in the West. In the Ming Dynasty, a city wall was built on the island. It is said that Zheng Chenggong once fought here.

Kinmen Island is like a butterfly spreading its wings. It is narrow in the middle and wide in the East and West. The area of the east wing is larger than that of the west wing. The island is about 20 kilometers east-west. The longest distance from north to south is at the east end, about 15.5 km. The narrow part in the middle is only 3 km. The main peak of Taiwu is 253 meters above sea level. There is only a small stream on the island, with short source and small quantity.

Jinmen island covers an area of about 132 square kilometers, long from east to west and narrow from north to south. The highest point of Taiwu mountain (253 meters) is in the east of the island. Kinmen Island has many hills and bay banks. Lie island faces each other across the Strait in the southwest of the island. The mineral resources of Jinmen Island include granite, porcelain clay, etc. the artificial afforestation has achieved remarkable results, and the special product of Jinmen sorghum is well-known. The oldest historic site in Jinmen island is Qiu Lianggong's mother's Day filial piety square (1812), with a population of about 105434 (2012). They include Kinmen Island, xiaokinmen Island (lie Island), datan Island, Ertan Island, Santan Island, Sitan Island, Wudan Island, huzai Island (Meng Hu Island), Penang Island, rat island (Shi Yu), Kinmen Island, Fuding Island (Fuxing Island), Dongding Island, Beiding Island, Wuqiu Island, Jiangong Island, Houyu Island (mother Island), which are noted as datan islands.

Historical evolution

Kinmen was originally under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou, Fujian Province. Due to historical problems, Kinmen is now under the actual control of the Taiwan authorities and is the so-called capital of Fujian Province of the Republic of China. Located in the southeast sea of Fujian Province, Xiamen throat.

To protect Fujian and Guangdong. Old name "Wuzhou", "Xianzhou", "Wudao", also known as "Cangwu", "Wujiang" and so on. Jinmen island was originally a desert island. During the war in the Central Plains in the Jin Dynasty, people crossed the sea to avoid living here. Ming Hongwu 20 years (1387) in the island to build a city, known as "Jinmen City", then used to contemporary. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong used Jinmen as the base and springboard to attack the Qing Dynasty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were under the jurisdiction of Tong'an county. After the founding of the Republic of China, Kinmen Island was established as a county in 1915. In 1949, the Kuomintang authorities moved to Taiwan and stationed troops on the island. During the battle of guningtou, in order to meet the needs of the actual environment, the county system was suspended temporarily. In 1953, the military control system was ended, the county government was restored, and the county government was established. On November 7, 1992, the war administration ended, and the county chief was appointed by the so-called "Fujian provincial government". In the winter of 1993, the election of the first elected county magistrate was held. Since then, it has entered a new era of comprehensive local autonomy. On the new year's day of 2001, Jinmen and Xiamen began to try out the "small three links", with Jinmen yaoluo port directly sailing to Xiamen Wutong wharf.

Since ancient times, Jinmen has been under the jurisdiction of Tongan County, Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province. The basis of the development of Jinmen by Han immigrants can be traced back to the Jin Dynasty. According to the records of Jinmen annals in the Qing Dynasty, there were six families of Su, Chen, Wu, Cai, Lu and Yan who moved to Jinmen to avoid the war.

In 803 (the 19th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dynasty), the imperial court set up five horse ranches in Quanzhou. Wuzhou was one of them, and Chen Yuan served as the horse herding supervisor. This was the beginning of the establishment of administrative organs in Jinmen island. The twelve surnames Cai, Xu, Weng, Li, Zhang, Huang, Wang, Lu, Liu, Hong, Lin and Xiao followed Chen Yuan to reclaim the island. Therefore, Chen Yuan was honored as "KAISU benefactor".

Because of its salt production, Jinmen (formerly known as Wuzhou) experienced the development of minwang (Wang Shenzhi) of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and other dynasties, resulting in a forest of Yancheng around Jinshawan on the east peninsula of Jinmen. During the reign of the Yuan Dynasty (1343-1368), the central government set up Wuzhou saltern division (the official position was from Qipin Guan, in the area from Jinsha middle school to Dongpu and Rongguang New Village) and Wuzhou Academy (the present-day Shami vegetable market) in Houxue village, shiqidu, fengxiangli, Wuzhou. Shamiyin was located at the intersection of Jinsha Bay, Wenshui River and Jinsha River. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the former site of Wuzhou salt field department and Wuzhou academy, the highest administrative organ in Jinmen area (built by simaque commander of Wuzhou salt field in the Yuan Dynasty). In the past, Jinsha area was the most densely populated area in Jinmen (there were 64 fengshiye in Jinmen, 39 in Jinsha Town and 3 in Shami).

In the 23rd year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi, a great Confucian of the Song Dynasty, was appointed as the principal of Tongan county. He set up Yannan Academy in Yannan mountain, and there was a temporary struggle between Jinmen Township and Xiangxue. As a result, the literary style of Jinmen was prosperous, and it was known as "seaside Zou Lu".

In the first year of Longwu reign of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong landed at Jingtou of Lieyu lake, worshipped the throne of emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, and held a meeting with the civil and military officials of the Ming Dynasty in Xunsi city (formerly known as Wushan, now known as chengzaiding). Since then, he took Jinmen as the logistics base to launch the cause of the northern expedition to Nanjing and the eastern expedition to Taiwan. In the 15th year of Zheng Yongli's reign in the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Jun set out from liaoluowan Wharf in Jinmen and landed at luermen in Tainan. In only 11 months, he expelled the Dutch from Taiwan. Jinmen dialect belongs to the Minnan language family, and also has the ancient rhyme of Han and Jin Dynasties and the ancient language of Tang and Song dynasties. According to the records of Jinmen county annals, there are five kinds of existing residents in Jinmen: the first is the adherents of the troubled times, the second is the aristocratic families in Quanzhou, the third is the merchants and fishermen in the neighboring cities, the fourth is the soldiers guarding Jinmen in the past dynasties, and the fifth is the people who came to Jinmen after being banished by their husbands. Most of the current residents in Jinmen are settlement type, and most of them are single surname settlement with strong family concept.

Jinmen people's houses are surrounded by many things to ward off evil spirits, such as the Eight Diagrams mirror, the wind lion God on the house wall and so on. Fengshiye has the sacred task of defending the safety of the village. In xiaojinmen, the wind chicken, which is specialized in termites, is used to ward off evil spirits. Kinmen is short of Deep Bay, Hong Kong and Macao, and its land is barren and dry. Because life is not easy, most of the residents are engaged in small-scale farming, fishing, or military garrison. Therefore, in addition to the official family, the vast majority of the local residents are farmers, workers and a small number of traders. In this kind of social background, the derived cultural characteristics have two extremes: noble and vulgar. However, the real life culture of Jinmen people should still be based on the people's livelihood.

In 1387, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, ordered Zhou Dexing, the Marquis of Jiang and Xia, to manage the coastal areas of Fujian Province. Jinmen Shouyu Qianhu office is one of the 12. It has four inspection departments, namely Fengshang, guanao, Tianpu and chenkeng. Later, it added Lieyu inspection department. Jinmen is named for its adherence to Haikou in Southeast Fujian Province, which means "firm as gold and strong as Haimen".

During the Nanming Dynasty, Jinmen was actually controlled by Zheng Chenggong's regime. After the Qing army occupied Jinmen in 1664, it forced the residents to move to 30 miles away from the coastline. From 1674 to 1679, the Zheng family occupied Jinmen again and used it as a forward base for military operations in China's interior. In 1680, after the Qing army occupied Jinmen for the second time, it followed the old system and belonged to Tong'an County, Fujian Province (now Tong'an District, Xiamen City, the people's Republic of China). After the Qing army occupied Taiwan in 1683, it implemented the restoration of the border, and the residents who left the border returned to their original places one after another.

In 1914, the local regionalization system was abolished in the Qing Dynasty. Xiamen was divided into Siming county from Tongan County, and Jinmen was under the jurisdiction of Siming county. In 1915, Kinmen was established as an independent county. In 1937, the Japanese occupied Kinmen until they were defeated in 1945.

In 1949 (the 38th year of the Republic of China), the Chinese people's liberation army conquered Dadeng Island, Xiaodeng island and nearby islands of Dadeng Township in Jinmen County, and established Dadeng District, which was entrusted by Nan'an county. Chen Yidong was appointed as the first county magistrate of Jinmen County of the people's Republic of China. Since then, two county heads coexisted in Jinmen county. After the battle of guningtou in October, the Taiwan authorities suspended the county administration and set up the administrative office of the Jinmen military control region. In 1953, the Taiwan authorities ended the military control system, restored the county administration and established the Jinmen county government.

In December 1953, the CPC Jinjiang Special Region Committee decided that Liang Xinmin would be the head of Jinmen county and deputy head of Nan'an County, and Liu Jigu would be the Secretary of the CPC Jinmen County Working Committee. In May 1955, the people's Government of Fujian Province officially announced the establishment of the people's Government of Jinmen County, but in fact it was an empty shelf. Because Liang Xinmin, the then county magistrate, was also the deputy county magistrate of Nan'an County, his office was located in the courtyard of the people's Government of Nan'an county. In fact, only Dadeng Island, Xiaodeng island and nearby islands in Jinmen county are controlled, and Dadeng district is set up. Since then, there has been a confrontation between the KMT and the CPC. Liang Xinmin, the head of Jinmen County of the people's Republic of China, never entered Jinmen in his whole life.

In January 1971, the Chinese mainland will actually control the only territory of the Jinmen County, the great people's commune, and formally be placed under the jurisdiction of Tongan County in Jinjiang. In January 1980, the Chinese mainland was assigned to the administrative office of the Jinjiang district under the jurisdiction of Jinmen county. After January 1986, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou municipality to the present age.

As of February 3, 2004, the navigation line from Jinmen to Xiamen has been started and the "small three links" have been started.

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Scenic Spots and Historical Sites

Jinmen island is a barren island of earth and stone. Later, people continued to cultivate trees. Now, trees block out the sun on the avenue, and the road network extends in all directions

Chinese PinYin : Jin Men Dao