Suoxi Academy

Suoxi Academy

Fongxi academy is located at 60 Wenchang Road, fongxi village, Dadu Township, Taichung County, Taiwan, commonly known as Wenchang temple. The predecessor of the academy is called "Xiyong society", also known as "Wenchang society", which is the gathering place of contemporary scholars. Xiyong society was founded in 1799, and then expanded into "Suoxi academy" in 1887. In 1986, it was listed as the third level historic site by Taiwan's Ministry of interior.

A brief introduction to Suoxi Academy

geographical position

Suoxi academy is located in Taichung, Taiwan. In 1736 (the fourth year of Jiaqing), Zhao shunfang, a gentry with big belly, recruited Zhangs from Longjing, futoulun, tugege and Dadu to promote the style of writing. He set up Xiyi society to build Wenchang Pavilion, and donated the remaining money to purchase land for sacrifice. The members of the association hold annual ceremonies here for entertainment and study, and the style of writing is prosperous.

Later, Zhao Bi, Cai Hanyun, Zhang Jinshang and others planned to build academies in 1890 to recruit children from today's Wuri, Dadu and Longjing townships to carry out enlightenment education. After the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, Taiwan ceded Japan and once became the residence of Japanese police. It was changed into dadugong school in 1934. Later, due to the increase in the number of students, dadugong school moved away from the Academy. After that, he was bombarded by gunfire and mismanaged. The land was sold out, leaving only the main hall.

Xiyong society was founded by Yang Zhanao, a Juren living in Wuri township of Taichung County in the Qing Dynasty, and Zhao shunfang, a gentry living in Weizuo of Xialiao (now known as Suoxi Village). Originally, it was a meeting place for some scholars to meet their friends through literature. At the same time, many gentry also raised money for school rent, so it was also used as a private school.

Later, it was felt that the culture and education atmosphere in the area was not enough to be carried forward, so Zhao shunfang and Zhao Bixing, the son of Zhao shunfang, together with CAI Canyun, Cai Hanyun, Zhang Jinshang and others, mobilized members to raise money again to prepare for the construction of "Wenchang Temple", and opened up "Suoxi academy" in Wenchang temple. It was completed in 1890, and widely recruited Dadu Xiabao area (now Dadu Township, Longjing Township, Wujin township) Students from three townships, such as Rixiang, work to cultivate talents.

During the Japanese occupation period, although the education of Suoxi Academy was forced to stop, the Japanese Jinwei division once settled here, so they still maintained a good state. However, after the war, Suoxi Academy was stolen and sold off several times. In 1959, he suffered from the August 7th flood, which caused serious damage to the houses, doors and walls. It was not until 1984 that Dadu Township Office hired famous architectural scholars to study and investigate. In 1985, it was funded by the central government and local government to carry out the restoration project, and it was ranked as the third level historic site in Taiwan and Fujian.

After the Jiji earthquake on September 21, 1999, a total of 14 historic sites in Taichung County were damaged. The appearance of the buildings in the Academy was also judged as "immediately dangerous". Fortunately, the damage was not serious, and the restoration was completed by the end of 2002.

structure

There are five gods worshiped in the Academy, namely, Emperor Wenchang, Emperor Fuyou, Emperor Wenheng, Emperor zhuyixing and Emperor kuidoxingjun. They are collectively known as "five Wenchang" and are the gods in charge of all examinations in the imperial examination era in ancient times. It has a main hall and a hall of worship, so it is commonly known as Wenchang temple or Wenchang temple. The style of the building belongs to the traditional Minnan style courtyard, which is a courtyard combining the school and the temple. The use of building materials in addition to red tiles, there are Quanzhou white (granite), bluestone and other stone with Fushan and other construction. The hall is three steps higher than the ground, and the lecture hall is five steps higher. In front of the lecture hall, there is a small "platform" about 60 cm high, on which there is a worship Pavilion, which is the characteristic shape of the Academy. The whole building of Suoxi academy is very elegant, with gorgeous structure from detailed decoration to special roof type. The plane design shows the combination of ordinary houses and Confucian temples, and the facade structure is also very rare in Minnan style buildings.

pattern

The structure of the academy is not big, and it is a traditional Minnan style courtyard architecture with the layout of two entrances and two dragon guards. The school is a quadrangle courtyard with two entrances: a hall and a lecture hall. There is a worship Pavilion in front of the lecture hall. There are seven dragon guards on both sides and seven wing rooms on both sides. It is a plane structure between the residence and the Confucius Temple.

The two gables of the first landing hall slant outward, making the main entrance wider and more spectacular. There are exquisite vase doors in the middle of the gables on both sides of the lecture hall. On both sides of the hall, there is a sword ring door on the left and right leading to the side room, which is rarely seen in Southern Fujian architecture. Hall, lecture hall are five bay pattern.

The entrance hall is three steps higher than the ground, and the lecture hall is five steps higher than the ground. Before the lecture hall, there is a worship Pavilion. The worship Pavilion is built on the platform with a height of 60 minutes. It is converted from the form of "platform" in the Confucian temple building. It is just a small space in front of the main hall, which is one of the architectural features of the Academy. The most special shape of the academy is its magnificent roof, which gradually reduces from the central hall to the two flanking rooms, forming three sections, each with elegant lines. The first landing Hall (Mountain Gate) has seven rooms, three in the center and three in the center, and eight platforms at the left and right ends. The eaves line of the first roof falls down from the middle to the two wings step by step. The roof is divided into five sections, and the three sections in the center are individually independent, forming six swallow tails, plus the Xieshan roof at the left and right ends. The flying swallowtail ridge of Sanchuan and the overlapping roofs lay the facade of Guangda seven Bay building. Its momentum is majestic, its technology is superb, its shape is complex, and its appearance is magnificent Such a rich and magnificent roof combination can be said to be a rare masterpiece in Taiwan's architectural history.

The second is the main hall and the worship Pavilion. The main hall has the functions of sacrifice and lecture hall. The towering buildings and simple decoration create a solemn and solemn space of the main hall. The proportion of the pavilion is stable, the curve of swallow tail ridge is very beautiful, the railings and pillars, the shape of the platform, the pavilion space in Danlong, the roof shape in Xieshan and the delicate wood frame make the pavilion not only become the visual focus of the whole area, but also set off the Zhuang style of the main building of the main hall. It is one of the most decorative Spaces in the buildings of Suoxi Academy.

decorate

Fong HSI college is the richest in architectural decoration, with excellent details and brickwork

A base with green glazed tiles 50 cm above the ground. Color painted patterns mainly in green and green.

Chiseling exquisite wood, brick and stone carvings.

The walls of the two wing side rooms are made of brick carvings with unique patterns and various changes.

Around every window, there are interesting brick carvings.

The brick pillars on both sides of the lecture hall are carved with patterns, which are exquisite and ingenious.

In the processing of the wall door, it is amazing to grind bricks into curved surfaces!

It takes a lot of work to build complex threads with green and red bricks. There are rare relief brick carvings on the water passing footings on both sides of the lecture hall.

The vase door and the sword ring door are made of brick, which is very skillful.

A pair of blue stone lions at the entrance of the front hall are excellent in carving.

Couplet

The sulfur gas steams the bell; the stream light reflects the Wen light.

The anonymous title of Suoxi Academy

The sulfur energy, the gall light, and the Aoshan mountain stand side by side;

Xiguangheng area, Luzhu remote link. The anonymous title of Suoxi Academy

The sulfurous gas connects danxiao and Lingtong emperor's throne; the river waves connect Bihan and the color shines on Taiyuan.

The anonymous title of Suoxi Academy

Suloshudan, half of the wall is rugged;

Streams reflect on the wall, thousands of layers of vastness. The anonymous title of Suoxi Academy

Historical evolution

The period of Japanese occupation

During the period of Japanese occupation in Taiwan, although Japan vigorously carried out Japanese education in Taiwan, the traditional education of academies was not stopped at the beginning. However, at that time, the Manchu Qing Dynasty abandoned Taiwan and ceded Taiwan. Even if they learned traditional education in academies, they could not connect with the general society at that time. So later, based on the local people's application to the Japanese government, on March 16, 1899 (the 32nd year of Meiji, that is, five years after the Japanese rule of Taiwan), it was approved to set up the "tatukong school", which is the predecessor of today's tatukong elementary school in Taichung County. The first principal of the school was Yoshiro Kimura. At the beginning of its establishment, the school used Suoxi academy as the school building. After that, in 1901, more than 30 people, including Zhao Bi, the stove owner of Wenchang temple, donated more than 10 Jia land behind the temple to the school. In 1909, dadugong school built a new school building behind the Suoxi Academy.

relocate

After 1938, Dadu Gong school moved to the current site of Huashan Road, Dadu Township, Taichung County. The land donated by the Academy was illegally occupied and sold by others, resulting in only thousands of square meters of land left in the Academy. Even before 1945, the United States had attacked Taiwan, and the Sanchuan hall and wing of the Academy had been affected by bombs. After the war, the assets of many academies were either transferred or occupied, and the source of income was completely interrupted. During the martial law period, no one from the government or the people was willing to manage them properly. In addition, in 1959, the August 7th flood occurred, and the stream of Dadu river overflowed, mixed with a large amount of sediment, seriously damaged the Academy. At that time, Zhao Weixiao and others, who were in charge of the management of the Academy, also went to other places and allowed the building materials and cultural relics of the academy to be stolen, which accelerated the abandonment of the Academy.

Restoration of Academy

In 1984, Lin Zhenxiang, Chen Ronghuai, the former head of Dadu Township, and Luo Jiguang, the principal of Dadu elementary school at that time, felt that sulfonxi academy inherited important cultural assets, so they engaged Professor Han Baode, a famous architectural scholar, for investigation and research. On August 1, 1985

Chinese PinYin : Huang Xi Shu Yuan