Xuedou Temple

Xuedou Temple

Xuedou temple, the full name of Xuedou Zisheng temple, is located in the heart of Xuedou mountain, one of the five famous Buddhist mountains in China. It is located in Xikou Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It was founded in Jin Dynasty, rose in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty was granted one of the "five mountains and ten temples", the Ming Dynasty was listed as one of the "ten temples and five courtyards of Zen Buddhism", and the Republic of China was listed as one of the "five famous Buddhist mountains". Xuedou temple is also Maitreya's Taoist temple, with Maitreya Buddha in Xuedou mountain.

brief introduction

Xuedou temple, the full name of Xuedou Zisheng Temple (located in the northwest of Xikou Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province), is on Xuedou mountain in Xikou town. Jin built in qianzhangyan waterfall mouth, known as waterfall courtyard.

In the first year of Huichang, Tang Dynasty, the site was moved and built. In the first year of Jingfu, the building was expanded to a large scale, with Buddhist hall, Zhaitang, Jingge bell tower, Zen room, hundreds of Danying, more than 6000 square meters, and ten thousand volumes of scriptures in the Sutra Pavilion. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was as famous as Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, Guoqing temple in Tiantai and Tiantong temple in Ningbo.

In Ming Dynasty, it was listed as one of the ten temples of Zen. After the Republic of China, incense declined. It was demolished by the red guards in 1968. Now the building is newly built in 1980s. There are two ancient ginkgo trees in front of the temple, and two Phoebe trees planted by general Zhang Xueliang in captivity behind the temple, which are especially luxuriant up to now.

history

Xuedou Zisheng temple is located in the center of Xikou Xuedou mountain, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Surrounded by nine peaks, waterfalls and beautiful scenery, it is known as "Penglai on the sea, rooftop on the land".

Temple was founded in Jin Dynasty, flourished in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. It has been more than 1700 years and occupies an important position in the history of Buddhism. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was designated as one of the "five mountains and ten temples". In the Ming Dynasty, it was listed in the "ten temples and five courtyards of Zen in the world". Today, it is called the fifth famous mountain of Buddhism Maitreya Daochang. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Ding Fubao wrote a great dictionary of Buddhism, saying: Recently, some people advocated that Xuedou mountain in Fenghua should be regarded as the five famous mountains.

In 1987, Zhao Puchu, President of the Chinese Buddhist Association, inspected Xuedou temple, saying: "Xuedou is the place where Maitreya should be transformed. The building in the hall should be different from other temples, and Maitreya hall should be built alone." Xuedou is also known as the five famous mountains. Today, Maitreya hall has been built in the temple. The early Hall of monks is called Maitreya Daochang because it recites the name of Maitreya. Xuedou temple has a large scale and deep Vatican Palace. It covers an area of 85847.4 square meters and has a building area of 19873.4 square meters. According to the central axis from the outside, they are the mountain gate, fangshengchi, Zhaobi, Tianwang hall, Maitreya hall, Daxiong hall, rufengquan, Fatang in turn. They are built according to the mountain and are raised layer by layer.

Maitreya hall is the original creation of Buddhism. The building area of Maitreya hall is 1218 square meters, with double eaves on the top of the mountain and covered with yellow glazed tiles. In the center of the hall, there is a statue of the monk in a cloth bag. It is five meters high and sits on xumizuo, a stone sculpture of nine dragons in Qingtian.

With a straight stomach, a bent knee and a smiling face. Thousands of Maitreya statues with different poses on both sides of the hall wall are set against the five famous mountains in China, which makes the audience fresh and fresh.

Xuedou temple has a long history. The emperors of the past dynasties have repeatedly issued pet canons and given many cultural relics. Today's cultural relics are: jade seal, jade Buddha, dragon collection, dragon bowl, Dragon Robe and cassock. In the past thousand years, Xuedou temple has been destroyed five times, revived several times and changed several times.

During the period of the Republic of China, because Chiang Kai Shek's family believed in Buddhism, Xikou was Chiang's former residence, which was closely related to Xuedou temple. Jiang's grandfather Si Qian believed in Buddhism. After middle age, he was determined to practice. Wang Caiyu, Jiang's biological mother, was a vegetarian believer in Buddhism all her life. She often went to Xuedou temple to worship incense and worship Buddhism, and Jiang often went with her mother.

In her later years, Wang Caiyu converted to Xuedou temple. Guoru abbot, after her death, hung a statue in the temple. After Jiang became a politician, he often went to Xuedou to have a rest when he returned home. In 1932, at the invitation of Chiang Kai Shek, Taixu was the abbot of Xuedou temple. Taixu once explained the Heart Sutra to Mao Fumei, the wife of Jiang Yuanpei. At that time, people always took Jiang's family temple as an example.

In 1968, the temple was destroyed for the fifth time. In 1985, Fenghua municipal government and Ningbo Buddhist Association established the "Preparatory Committee for the restoration of Xuedou Temple". The first phase of the project was completed in August 1987.

Xuedou scenic spots and historic sites mainly include "Xingmeng Mingshan" imperial Book Pavilion; "waterfall like waterfall"

The famous Anti Japanese general Zhang Xueliang planted a general tree.

In addition, there are also rufengquan, Yintan, xufuyan and other scenic spots, which are well-known at home and abroad for their cultural history. Looking forward to the future, Xuedou temple has a bright future.

Culture

After the end of the Tang Dynasty, relying on the favorable geographical environment of Putuo in the East and Tiantai in the south, many Zen masters who were famous in the jungle at home and abroad came to mount Xuedou to preside over the temple. The third ancestor of the fayan sect and the sixth ancestor of the Pure Land Sect are Zen master zhiyanshou, and the fourth grandson of Yunmen sect and mingjue reappearance Zen master mingjue, the founder of Zhimen Zhongxing. These two Dharma dragons successively presided over Xuedou temple, which made Xuedou Temple prosperous.

At the same time, in 1006 A.D. in the Northern Song Dynasty, a large-scale village was built at the foot of Xuedou mountain and at the mouth of Shanxi river. The population of Xikou was nearly 8000 by the Southern Song Dynasty.

Xuedou mountain has a long history of Buddhist culture, which has a profound impact on Xikou at the foot of the mountain. Buddhist culture has become the core of ancient Xikou regional culture; generation after generation of Xikou believers have been infiltrated by the energetic Zen thought, and have affected their value orientation. In the late Qing Dynasty, Chiang Kai Shek was born in the ancient town of Xikou in the holy land of Foshan. It seems that his fate destined him to grow up in a land full of Buddhist factors.

After the decline of yuan and Ming Dynasties, the Buddhist culture of Xuedou mountain began to decline and expand in scale after entering the Qing Dynasty. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, with the support of the imperial court, Zen master Huizhi of Xuedou Temple rebuilt the palace, Mountain Gate, pavilion house and pond. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Guangxu favored Xuedou temple and granted jade seal, jade Buddha, Dragon Robe, dragon bowl and a large number of scriptures. Temple collection

During the reign of Jingde (892-893), the fifth generation Changtong Zen master of Nanyue was the abbot of Xuedou temple. He repaired the temple and obtained 1300 mu of land for the Buddhist monks.

Later on, Zun was the first ancestor of Xuedou temple. Since then, Xuedou temple has become a Zen jungle. The temple has been thriving and demolishing for many times. The last time it was destroyed in 1968, there are seven rooms built during the reign of emperor Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty.

Xuedou temple was built in the Tang Dynasty. For thousands of years, it has a strong fragrance and many eminent monks. In Chinese Buddhist circles, it is called "ten temples of Zen Buddhism in the world" together with nine temples, such as Wanshou Yongzuo temple in Tianning, Hangzhou and Taiping Xingguo temple in Jiangshan, Nanjing. According to the records of the temple, Xuedou temple was granted 41 imperial edicts by several emperors in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and there are still "imperial dragon collections" in the temple There are 5760 sutras, jade seal, Dragon Robe, dragon bowl, jade Buddha, etc. Song Zong granted the plaque of "Zisheng temple in Xuedou" and LiZong pursued the book of "yingmeng Mingshan".

Maitreya Dojo

Xuedou mountain is located in Fenghua District, Zhejiang Province

As early as the Han Dynasty, the famous national scenic spot in Xikou town was known as "rooftop on land and Penglai on the sea". In the Five Dynasties, the Budai monk was transformed here. This is the Taoist temple of the great mercy Maitreya Bodhisattva. According to the records of Xuedou temple, Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty sleeps on Xuedou mountain, Emperor LiZong inscribes "yingmeng Mingshan", and the abbot of Xuedou Temple widely hears that Zen master carved stone to build a pavilion in the south of the temple, which is called "Yushu Pavilion".

Xuedou temple has a long history as a famous Buddhist temple. It was founded in the Jin Dynasty, and became a "ten square Buddhist temple" in the Tang Dynasty. It was rated as one of the highest "five mountains and ten temples" by Ning Zongshi in the Southern Song Dynasty, and was called "one of the ten Buddhist temples in the world" in the Ming Dynasty. The famous family of Chiang Kai Shek of the Republic of China had a deep Buddhist affinity with Xuedou temple, and they were very concerned about the construction of Xuedou mountain and Xuedou temple. Chiang Kai Shek also inscribed "the first mountain of Siming" for the mountain gate. Taiwan compatriots who come to Xuedou temple to pay homage to Maitreya call the temple "Jiang family temple". General Zhang Xueliang planted four Nanlin trees in the main hall, and two of them still exist today.

There is Xuedou temple in Fenghua, Ningbo. During the period of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai Shek called Xuedou mountain "the first mountain of Siming". Scholars of all dynasties described Xuedou mountain as "Xiujia Siming". Second, Xuedou temple is a famous Buddhist temple. Xuedou temple was rated as one of the "five mountains and ten temples" in the song ningzong period, and one of the "ten famous temples of Zen in the world" in the Ming Dynasty. Third, Xuedou temple is related to Maitreya. Maitreya's incarnation is a monk from Changting village of Fenghua. He became a monk and died in Yuelin temple in Fenghua City. He often goes to Xuedou temple to do Buddhist work. Therefore, both Yuelin temple and Xuedou temple are "holy places for Maitreya to trace.".

Famous Zen master

brief introduction

Xuedou Chongxian, Chongxian monk (980-1052 A.D.), with a common surname of Li, was born in Suizhou (now Suining City, Sichuan Province). A monk of Yunmen sect in Song Dynasty. He was born in the fifth year of the Taiping reign of Emperor Taizong and died in the fourth year of emperor Renzong. The hair of the monk Ren mill in the Youyi Pu'an temple. Then to Lingyin green peak. I stayed in Xuedou, Mingzhou in the evening.

Young and heroic, diligent in reading, good at writing, like pen and ink, to cloud month for friends. After becoming a monk, he joined guangzuo, ate his stick and became enlightened. He served with him for five years. After living in Lingyin for three years, please live in Zisheng temple in Xuedou mountain. The apprentices gather here. They are called Zhongxing of Yunmen sect. They give the name of "master mingjue" and pass away at the age of 73. He wrote a collection of praises to the ancients, which later became a collection of Biyan by means of Yuanwu, chuishi, Zhuyu and Pingchang.

Karma

In the first year of emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty (1023), it was revealed that the old friends of his childhood had known each other

Chinese PinYin : Xue Dou Si