Qiqushan Temple

Qiqushan Temple

Located at No. 2, cuiyunlang Road, Zitong County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, qiqushan temple is the holy land of Quanzhen sect, the mainstream of Taoism, a national AAAA scenic spot and a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Qiqushan Temple ancient building complex, a collection of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, has 23 halls and attics, with a construction area of 5611 square meters and an area of 13000 square meters. The ancient buildings make use of the terrain skillfully and are built according to the mountains. They are not bound by the tradition that the central axis is parallel, showing a flexible and natural style. The whole temple is exquisitely designed. It has a ridge, a high angle, a series of storied buildings and pavilions. The palace is rugged, with a strict structure, carved beams and painted buildings. There are not only magnificent palaces in the north, but also small and exquisite garden buildings in the south, which fully show the exquisite craftsmanship of ancient Chinese builders.

geographical position

Qiqushan temple is located in the landscape Avenue of Zitong County, Sichuan Province, 49 kilometers away from Mianyang City. It is the ancestral temple of Wenchang emperor, the only local Taoist religion in China. It was built in Jin Dynasty for the people of Shu to worship Zhang Yazi.

In the early Yuan Dynasty, after Zhang Yazi was granted the title of "Wenchang emperor", the Taoist temple "Wenchang Palace" was built here. After the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties expansion, gradually formed by the three axis of Taoist cultural buildings.

The temple covers an area of 12000 square meters, with a construction area of 6000 square meters. The main buildings are pantuo stone hall in Yuan Dynasty, Guixiang hall in Ming Dynasty, Tianzun hall in Qing Dynasty, baichi building in Qing Dynasty and so on. It is an important example to study the history of ancient architecture.

In 1996, qiqushan temple was listed as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Baichi building

Entering the main gate of the temple is baichi building, which was replaced by "famous building of Xishu" in Ming Dynasty. The building is three stories and 100 feet in total. At that time, it was said that the tower was comparable to Yueyang Tower and huanghe tower in Jingchu. Later, it was destroyed by fire. Today, it was rebuilt in 1732. Tianzun hall, built on the top of the mountain, is even more magnificent. It is a very precious material for the study of ancient architectural art in China.

Iron statue

In the temple, there are 10 iron statues of Ming Dynasty, the largest of which is emperor Wenchang with a height of 4.7 meters and a weight of 30 tons, and eight accompanying statues with a height of 6 feet and a weight of 10000 Jin. These statues are well proportioned and skillful, which are rare in Sichuan. It shows the excellent casting technology and molding level in ancient China.

There is a statue of Zhang Xianzhong in the temple, with a green robe and a gold face. It is very powerful. It was destroyed by an Hongde, the governor of mianzhou in the Qing Dynasty, and now it is rebuilt. It is said that when Zhang Xianzhong led his troops to Qiqu mountain in Sichuan, he saw that Zhang Yazi, the emperor of Wenchang, was worshipped in the temple. He said, "your surname is Zhang, and our surname is Zhang, so I will unite with you." So Wenchang temple was changed into Taimiao. "Da" and "Tai" are interlinked, and later they will be called great temples.

Cuiyun corridor

Outside the temple, there are ancient cypresses and green waves. This is the famous ancient Shu Road Cuiyun corridor at home and abroad. It began in the Qin and Han Dynasties and completed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Despite the vicissitudes of the ages, it is still flourishing. Their posture is strange: some trunk is straight and rugged, and their upright character is just like Mount Tai, so people call them "Mount Tai cypress"; some are intertwined, with the same root and the same shape, so people call them "husband and wife cypress"; there is a giant cypress, whose arm is tilted, forming a tree cavity that can shelter from the rain and the wind. It is said that Liu Chan escaped the rain under a tree on his way to Luoyang after he died. Therefore, people call this tree Prince Bai, also known as a Dou Bai. The most rare is the Jin cypress on the side of yingmeng Sendai. It has no skin, branches or leaves on its whole body, but it is old and strong. It is said that it was planted by Zhang Yazi.

How did the famous cuiyunlang ancient cypress come from? It is said that during the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Fei led his soldiers to pass here. Because of the heat, he ordered his soldiers to plant trees for shade. It is said that a miracle has occurred, that "trees are planted in the morning and shade in the afternoon". Local people call it "Zhang feibai". In the Ming Dynasty, the governor of Jianzhou mobilized the people to plant hundreds of thousands of cypress trees on the ancient post road, which created the Cuiyun corridor for later generations. The ancient cypresses on the Cuiyun corridor are living historical relics and rare natural wonders.

Cultural value

Qiqushan temple is the birthplace of Wenchang emperor, so it is also called the hometown of emperor.

The temple was originally called "Yazi Temple" in memory of Zhang Yazi in Jin Dynasty. Who is Zhang Yazi? There are different opinions. Some said that he was filial to his mother and died in the war in the Jin Dynasty; some said that he practiced medicine for the people and was deeply loved; others said that he was a kind of immortal. After the temple was built, from the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, it was awarded the title of "Wenchang emperor of Zitong Hongren Kaihua". The small temple has also been expanded into a big temple with 23 palaces and pavilions. These buildings were either built in the Yuan Dynasty or were relics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Qiqushan temple was first built in Jin Dynasty. After several generations of construction and expansion in Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is only a group of well preserved ancient buildings with magnificent structure and complete system in northern Sichuan. However, as the birthplace of Chinese Wenchang culture, its value has the concept of "unique".

Historical records

According to the annals of Zitong County in the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, "the Lingying Temple of Wenchang is located on the top of Qiqu mountain, which is the Zitong temple, commonly known as the great temple." "God's surname is Zhang, taboo Yazi. After the Qin Dynasty conquered Shu, they lived in a strange place. In song and Yuan Dynasties, Li was granted the title of emperor Lu Hongren, the assistant emperor of Kaihua in Yuan Dynasty. "

In Cihai, the article of Zitong emperor says: "Zitong emperor is the God of Taoism, who is the master of fame and position. It is said that the surname is Zhang and the name is Yazi. He lives in Qiqu mountain of Shu. He died in the war of Jin Dynasty and later generations set up a temple to commemorate him. Tang and Song dynasties were granted the title of King Yingxian. According to Taoist legend, the Jade Emperor ordered Zitong to be in charge of Wenchang Prefecture and Lu Ji, so he was granted emperor Lu Hongren in the third year of Yanyou reign of emperor Renzong of Yuan Dynasty (1316 AD). According to legend, Zitong was originally a human being and was granted the title of God after his death, which had nothing to do with the Wenchang star in the sky. But later, Zitong was made in the altar of divination and was granted the title in the Yuan Dynasty. It was combined with the Wenchang star and became the emperor of Wenchang. "

As a result, the history of advocating literature in China began to have the saying of "Confucius in the north and Wenchang in the South". According to Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system of the past dynasties, with its powerful power of control, made the Chinese intellectuals on the eve of the imperial examination of the Jin Dynasty, must want to go to Wenchang palace to pay homage to the emperor Wenchang. This is also one of the fundamental reasons why Wenchang palace, Guanyin hall and Guandi temple, which seem to be religious, are more popular in catering to folk customs and have the largest stock. Qiqushan temple in Zitong is the ancestor of this culture.

Climatic characteristics

Qiqushan National Forest Park, where qiqushan temple is located, belongs to the humid area of north subtropical monsoon climate, with Qinling Mountains as the barrier in the north, and is affected by the warm ocean airflow from the south. Its main characteristics are: mild climate, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, warm winter and early spring, hot summer and cool autumn, sufficient sunshine, long frost free period, uneven annual rainfall distribution, generally less rainfall in winter and spring, frequent summer drought, and more rainfall in autumn Rain.

According to the records of Zitong meteorological department, the annual average temperature in the park is 14.8 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is 4.5 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 23.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 6 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 36 ℃, and the accumulated temperature of 10 ℃ is 5210.0 ℃. The average rainfall is 992 mm, and the rain is hot in the same season, the relative humidity is 76%, and the frost free period of the whole year is about 260 days. Moderate water and heat conditions are conducive to the growth and development of forest plants. There is snow in winter. In general, the snow thickness in Zhaizi mountain is 20 cm.

The park belongs to the Fujiang River system. Tongjiang river flows around the foot of Qiqu mountain. It is the largest river in Zitong county and a tributary of Fujiang River. There are many ditches, ponds and reservoirs in the park. The construction of the park plays an important role in water conservation, soil and water conservation and ecological environment improvement.

Ticket information

Adult ticket: 42 yuan / person

Free ticket policy: free for children under 1.3 meters; free for people over 70 years old with ID card or senior citizen card; free for disabled people with disability card. Preferential policies: children between 1.3-1.4 meters tall can buy preferential tickets for scenic spots; elderly people between 60-69 years old can buy preferential tickets for scenic spots with ID card or senior citizen card; students can enjoy 50% discount with student card.

Opening Hours

The tourist time is 8:00-18:00. The scenic spot is located in the north subtropical monsoon humid area with mild climate, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, warm winter and early spring, hot summer and cool autumn, and sufficient sunshine. All seasons are suitable for tourism, especially spring and autumn.

Traffic information

Take bus No.1 in the urban area and get off at the terminal Nanshan gate station to get to the scenic spot.

Address: qiqushan scenic spot, Zitong County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 105.197168

Latitude: 31.695548

Tel: 0816-8229209

Chinese PinYin : Qi Qu Shan Da Miao