Huayan cave

Huayan cave

Huayan cave, with 159 statues of Song Dynasty and 24 inscriptions, is a national cultural relic protection unit. It is located in xianggai mountain, Shiyang Town, Anyue County, Ziyang City, Sichuan Province

Travel

Culture

Huayan cave is located in Zhongmin garden, hidden deep in the valley under the cliff. The northern end of the giant rock is upwarped in the shape of a nest palm. Beside the stream, you Huang covers the sky. In front of the cave, walls were built to form a house. When you enter, you can see the ancient cave. It is more than seven feet deep, seven feet high, two feet wide, and about five feet wide, separated into two rooms inside and outside. Outside for a statue of Buddha, built into a small building inside, under the floor, bright and clean windows, quiet abnormal, unique cave.

On the west side is Huayan Haihui temple. Outside the temple are distant mountains, near valleys, mountain springs and secluded streams, just like a paradise.

The peak valley around Huayan cave is a famous "Medicine Valley" with flourishing Jiamu and numerous lingcao. There are precious wild medicinal materials such as Dendrobium, Shier, Ganoderma lucidum, polygonatum, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Cortex Moutan, etc.

There are many birds and pleasant tongues among the herbs and herbs. Among them, the mashed medicine bird is one of the rare birds. It is also known as "dingdangwu". It is also known as "Jiuhua three treasures" together with qianqianshu (green qianliu) and Wawa fish. Its beak is red, its feathers are black and white, its tail is slightly long, and its body is slightly larger than that of thrush. The sound of "kedingdang" is like pestle, mortar and medicine.

Tourist sites

Located in xianggai mountain, Shiyang Town, Anyue County, Ziyang City, Sichuan Province, it is 6 kilometers away from Shiyang Town, 56 kilometers away from Anyue County, and more than 30 kilometers away from Dazu County, Chongqing city. Huayan cave, built in the Song Dynasty, is a mountain scenic spot integrating stone carving culture and natural landscape.

origin

Huayan cave has two caves, Huayan cave excavated in the first year of Jianlong (960) of the Northern Song Dynasty and dabanruo cave excavated in the fourth year of Jiaxi (1240) of the Southern Song Dynasty. There are 159 statues of the Song Dynasty and 24 inscriptions. Huayan cave Grottoes

Introduction of Huayan cave

Huayan cave is located on the cliff of xianggai mountain in Shiyang town. There are 159 statues of Song Dynasty and 24 inscriptions.

The big cave is called Huayan cave. It is 6.2 meters high, 10.1 meters wide and 11.3 meters deep. The three statues of Huayan, which are 5.2 meters high, sit on the main wall, with the Buddha of piluzana in the middle, Manjusri and Puxian on the left and right respectively. Pilu Buddha, wearing a crown and cassock, has plump cheeks, drooping ears, half open eyes, and a serious look. He sits on the lotus stand with fingers in his hands, as if he was preaching scriptures. Manjusri and Puxian on both sides are wearing a crown decorated with Buddha. They are wearing a cross shouldered cassock and a Yingluo on their chest. They are kind-hearted and dignified, sitting cross legged on the backs of green lions and white elephants.

At the two corners of the main wall, there are two standing statues of muqianlian and the second disciple of Sari Buddha, which are 3 meters high, with a very devout expression and two ears listening attentively to the Buddha's Dharma. There are 10 Bodhisattvas (also known as the top ten disciples) with a height of 4.1 meters on the left and right arms of the Buddha. On the top of the two walls, there are relief pictures of the Sutra changes of the good fortune boy seeking Dharma. There are 10 groups of pavilions, plants and trees, birds and animals, ethereal clouds and all kinds of people, all presented above the clouds. In the cave, there is a large table made of wood and stone. On the side of the fifth Bodhisattva on the right wall and the tenth Bodhisattva on the left wall, a downhill tiger and a golden roaring lion guard the entrance of the cave. On the left and right walls of the cave, there are also statues of zhunti Buddha mother with three heads and six arms and Mori Zhitian with eight arms. The Buddha mother holds the sun and the moon in her front hands, the sun and the moon in her back hands, the mirror in her back hands and the Caiyin in her right hand. On the Caiyin, there are four characters of "the same ancestor of immortal and Buddha". The eight arms of Zhitian hold the sun, the moon, the Ling, the mark, the rope and other magic weapons, which correspond to the Buddha mother's distance execution ground.

The small cave, located on the right side of Huayan cave, is called great Prajna cave. It was excavated in the Southern Song Dynasty and is a large-scale grotto statue site integrating three religions.

Huayan cave is the largest cave in the county, and it is also a model of Chinese statue art in Song Dynasty.

About 700 cubic meters, Huayan cave statues, mainly Tantric, are Buddhist, Taoist and Confucian cave statues with 39 themes. Its rigorous layout, wonderful shape, dynamic and static combination, virtual and real appropriate, lighting science, palace like caves brilliant, vivid charm, unique in China's grottoes, is the Northern Song Dynasty stone carving art, is the largest and well preserved caves in Anyue stone carving tourist area. The statues are distributed on the left, middle and right walls of the cave. The statues of the "three saints of Huayan" with a height of 5.2 meters are built in the cave, and the sitting statues of the "ten Bodhisattvas" with a height of 4.1 meters are arranged side by side. The cave walls are full of stories of "Jing Bian". The figures in the statues have distinctive personality, beautiful posture, even proportion and gorgeous dress, which are very close to life and conform to the aesthetic taste of Chinese tradition. Especially the top ten Bodhisattvas, the ancient craftsmen focus on the delicate depiction of the face, fully showing the appearance of the bodhisattvas and the charity of the heart; the combination of line and surface engraving makes the body more beautiful and moving. In addition, with the Chinese national characteristics of the hollowed flower crown, pearly, the number of beads string Yingluo, the flowing water like scarf, pleats, more set off the elegant temperament, the status of luxury. The comic book style "the fifty-three Dharma painting of the good fortune boy" has its own characteristics, and all the great virtues of the good fortune boy are the same. The buildings and pavilions are exquisite, the pagodas and palaces are majestic, the flowers and trees are full of vitality, and the clouds and mist are curling. "Cutting clouds and mending clothes", "wonderful fragrant country", "Huacheng Qibao" and many other scenes of seeking methods leap across the wall. These secularized, nationalized, localized and life oriented preaching works are all amazing. On both sides of the entrance of Huayan grottoes, the lion, zhunti Buddha mother and morizhitian are carved with ferocious faces, which are in sharp contrast with the merciful Buddha, Bodhisattva and the changeable boy 53 Shen who is good at wealth. This unique technique of contrast makes all the statues in the grottoes alive and vivid, achieving a high artistic attainments.

Big as a hole

The cave is 4.7 meters high, 5 meters wide and 5 meters deep, and the name of the cave is engraved on the forehead. The main wall of the cave is carved with one Buddha and two Bodhisattvas. The two corridors are divided into three layers. The lower layer is lined with eighteen Arhats. In the middle is the twenty-four heavens. On the upper layer are ten children. On the back wall of the central Buddha, there are two reliefs of Li'er and Confucius, which are typical of the three religions in one cave. There is a character "Renya" with a diameter of 2.2 meters carved on the top of the cave. Now there is no convincing phonetic notation and interpretation for the character. "The two characters are upside down and recognize that you are a living immortal" has been widely spread and become a mystery for thousands of years.

Detailed introduction

Huayan cave is located in the southern suburb of Anshun City, only 2 kilometers away from Anshun railway station. According to the annals of Anshun Prefecture, "huayandong mountain in the south of the city is named Dushu mountain. The cave is so deep that you can't swim without holding a candle. But the entrance of the cave is spacious, cool in summer and warm in winter. The former lecture building is quite famous for its scenic spots. Huayandong mountain in Anshun was originally named Zifeng mountain because of its green trees and thick shade. When Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty came to Guizhou to study politics, Hong Liang wrote a poem that said, "the Zen pass is hidden in the depths of ten thousand peaks, and a hundred hectares of plain land and a bay of water.". I borrow Bo you to persuade me to study. My name should be "reading mountain." So the mountain was renamed "reading mountain".

Mr. Liu, who met me on the train, saw me near the intersection of Huayan village. It was just close to lunch time. He said that walking along the road and crossing the bridge is Huayan cave. You can eat fast in the cave. When I saw the new red wall from a distance, I thought it might be. "Huayan cave" is written vertically on the gate, while "miaofe Temple" is written horizontally. Huayan must be related to Huayan sect of Buddhism. As for how it is now a Buddhist temple, there must be a twist. Although there were few Pilgrims, the temple was very busy. A dozen old aunts were busy cleaning up the pots and pans of the Guanyin Festival on September 19 of the lunar calendar the day before. No one paid attention to me, so they took out their cameras and walked around.

Anshun

In the old days, there were eight sceneries, which were places for citizens to rest and play. Huayan cave was one of them. Because Huayan cave was very popular, the richest man of Anshun in the Republic of China, Shuai canzhang, built a rest garden at the gate of Huayan cave as a private school. This Rest Garden was used as the home of the 200 division of the Anti Japanese general Dai Anlan from 1940 to 1942. In 1938, in order to protect the national treasures of the Palace Museum from the Japanese invaders, the Palace Museum moved the cultural relics to the western part of China in batches for hiding and protection. Among them, 80 boxes of 1022 national treasures were transferred to Huayan cave in Anshun in early 1939 and kept in secret for six years. In 1944, in order to thank the people of Anshun for their support for the protection of national treasures, the Palace Museum held a small cultural relics exhibition in Anshun at the invitation of local people. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the cultural relics moved to the South began to be transported back to Nanjing from the rear. In December 1944, the Nanjing National Government appointed Yang Sen as the chairman of Guizhou Province, and it is said that the word "wonderful implication of heaven and earth" at the entrance of Huayan cave was written by Yang Sen. In 1948, part of the collection was transported to Taiwan, and on the basis of these cultural relics, the Taipei "Palace Museum" was established. Among the treasures that have been hidden in the cave for six years, Tang Yin's the sound of pines on the mountain road and Ma Hezhi's the picture of leisure and busy are now the treasures of the Imperial Palace Museum in Taiwan. The carpenter's article "the past of the national treasure of the Forbidden City moved to Guizhou" has a detailed account of this period of history.

The cave is dry and spacious. The main hall and the three holy halls are open. There is a locked door beside it. I don't know if there is a cave behind it. According to the preface to the reconstruction of Huayan cave engraved on the stone pedestal of the eighteen Arhats in the main hall of the cave: (Huayan cave) formerly known as chongrenli, Ming Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Hua Yan Dong