Yuelu Mountain Scenic Spot

Yuelu Mountain is one of the 72 peaks of Hengshan Mountain. It is located in the west of Changsha City and faces Xiangjiang River in the East, covering an area of about 8 square kilometers. The ancients praised it as "bizhang Pingkai, beautiful as Zhuozhu".

Lushan scenic spot is famous for Yuelu Academy, aiwan Pavilion, Lushan temple, Yunlu palace, new democratic society and other famous scenic spots; there are also famous figures such as Huang Xing and Cai E buried here. Yuelu Mountain is green in spring, with azaleas (city flowers) in full bloom; it is quiet and cool in summer; maple leaves flow in autumn, and forests are dyed; in winter, there are jade trees and luxuriant branches, wrapped in silver. Every season has its own unique beauty.

In addition, another classic scenic spot, juzizhoutou scenic spot, starts from juzizhoutou in the south to Fangdu memorial archway in bizhou in the north, mainly including wanjujingxiu garden and fengliujihui garden.

Yuelu Mountain Scenic Spot

Yuelu Mountain scenic spot is a national key scenic spot. Located on both sides of Xiangjiang River in Changsha, it is composed of hills and low mountains, rivers, lakes, natural animals and plants, cultural relics, modern celebrity tombs, revolutionary memorial sites, etc. it is a mountain type scenic spot in the city. The open scenic spots include Lushan scenic spot and juzizhoutou scenic spot. Among them, Lushan scenic area is the core scenic area, including Yuelu Academy, aiwan Pavilion, Lushan temple, Yunlu palace, new democratic society scenic spots, etc. The planned open scenic spots include Tianma mountain, taohualing, Shijialing and tuchengtou, with a total area of 36 square kilometers. Yuelu Mountain scenic spot is adjacent to Hengyue in the south, Dongting in the north, vast fields in the west, torrential Hunan river in the East, Yuping, Tianma, Fenghuang and Juzhou in front, peach blossom and green moth in the back, Jinpen, Jinniu, mica and Guifeng in the left and right. It is as quiet as a dragon and snake, as moving as a horse, as a miniature bonsai in the sky, as a natural screen wall in the side view. It can be said that it is made by nature, the wonder of the world, and the Grand View of Changsha.

Historical evolution

The geographical location of Yuelu Mountain is unique. The mountain range of Yuelu Mountain belongs to Nanyue Hengshan. The ancients listed Yuelu Mountain as one of the seventy-two peaks of Nanyue, which is called Linglu peak. A long time ago, in the northern and Southern Dynasties of Liu and Song Dynasties, Nanyue Ji recorded that "eight hundred Li around Nanyue, Huiyan is the first, Yuelu is the foot." So it's called Yuelu. According to geological research, Yuelu Mountain is based on Paleozoic, formed in Mesozoic and developed in Cenozoic, more than 300 million years ago.

Scenic culture

There is a Yuelu Academy at the eastern foot of Yuelu, which is one of the four famous universities in China as early as the Song Dynasty. The main speaker of the academy is Mr. Shan. During the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, there was a man named Luo Dian, who had been a mountain commander for 27 years. Luo Dian was a Confucian scholar. He was arrogant and modest. He not only teaches seriously, but also takes out his own salary every year to build the Academy. He personally instructs and decorates the eight scenic spots in Yuelu Mountain, such as Yanxiao in Liutang, yaoxia in Taowu, Biejing in Tongyin, Wanxiang in Fenghe, Mingquan in Qujian, fish watching in Bimao, sitting on the moon in Huadun, DongCui in bamboo forest. In order to appreciate the red leaves of Qiushan, he also built a pavilion at the entrance of Qingfeng gorge behind the Academy, named Hongye Pavilion.

One autumn, Yuan Mei, a famous talent from the south of the Yangtze River, arrived in Changsha. Many people admired his fame and came to meet him. Only Luo Dian ignored him. He said that Yuan Mei, who was not an official, wandered all over the country, lived a dissolute life, and wrote poems and essays unconventionally, which was against the way of sages. In particular, Yuan Mei accepted female students, which made Luo Dian even more disgusted. Not only did he not go to the city to meet Yuan Mei, but he was also afraid that Yuan Mei would come to the door. So he pasted a couplet on the archway of the Academy: "if you don't want to see Zilu, it's Wengong who asked you to leave." Zilu, whose surname is Zhongyou, is a student of Confucius. Zi is also a polite name for people, that is, you in modern language. The first couplet means: "I'm not on your way. What's the reason to meet you?" Han Yu, a litterateur in Tang Dynasty, was named Wengong. The meaning of the second couplet is: "you Yuan Mei are not as talented as Han Wengong. Please turn around!"

After two days, Yuan Mei really came across the river. After reading Luo Dian's couplet, he shook his head and laughed. He still went to the gate of the academy and handed in a salutation note. At this time, Luo Dian was sorting out the manuscripts in the Academy. He took the post from the disciple and asked him to send a message to him, saying, "the mountain chief is ill and can't meet each other. Please help yourself!" Yuan Mei touched a nose of ash, also don't care, then from the tube mountain. After Yuan Mei left, Luo Dian asked someone to bring some water to wash the steps in front of the Academy, saying that he wanted to wash away the heresy.

When Yuan Mei arrived at Qingfeng gorge, he saw that it was surrounded by mountains on three sides, with maple leaves as red as fire. In the middle, there was a pavilion, stone pillars, glazed tiles and high eaves. On the plaque of the pavilion, there are three big characters "red leaf Pavilion". On the column, there is a couplet: "the mountain path is red and comfortable at night, five hundred new peach species are found, the gorge clouds are deep and green, and a pair of tame cranes are waiting to be caged." Yuan Mei looked at the couplet, nodded, looked at the plaque, as if to say something, but did not say it. He left Qingfeng gorge, visited Lushan temple, watched Baihe spring, and ascended Yunlu palace.

Yuan Mei lived in Changsha for several days and wrote a lot of poems before going to other places. Strange to say, he wrote poems about the scenery on Yuelu Mountain, but only under the title of "red leaf Pavilion", he copied a quatrains of Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu: "far up the cold mountain, the stone path is slanting, there are people deep in the white clouds, stop and sit in the maple forest, the frost leaves are as red as February flowers." It's clearly a poem that everyone can recite. I don't know why he took two words out of the third sentence and turned it into "stop and sit in Fenglin".

This incident caused a lot of discussion in Changsha, and soon spread to Yuelu Academy. When Luo Dian heard this, he blushed to the root of his neck and said, "shame, shame..." He immediately told the students to take down the plaque of "Hongye Pavilion" and put up a new plaque of "aiwan Pavilion". (without the word "love late", Yuan Mei means that Luo Dian does not love his younger generation.).

After that, Rodin was no longer arrogant. Every scholar who went to the mountain, whether he liked it or not, whether he was familiar with it or not, always went to the Academy politely and treated each other warmly.

The famous "Yu Wang stele" on the left side of Yunlu peak of Yuelu Mountain is a symbol of the ancient culture of Yuelu Mountain, which was copied here in Song Dynasty. This stone tablet is carved with unique ancient seal characters, which are divided into 9 lines, with a total of 77 characters. It is said that more than 4000 years ago, in the flood and famine era, the world was flooded. Dayu ran around to control the flood for the people and dredge the flood. He "listened to the music for seven years and refused to enter the family three times". Finally, he subdued the flood and was respected by the people. It is said that Dayu had been to Nanyue, and set up this stone tablet on the mountain. This legend is recorded in the spring and Autumn Annals of Wu and Yue written by Zhao Ye in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Yu ascended Hengshan Mountain, dreamed of cangshui emissary, wrote a Book of jade characters on gold slips, got the key of water control, and carved the height of stone mountain." In the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu visited Yu's stele on Mt. Luo for this purpose. Although he did not see it personally, he left behind a poem that "tadpole punches, xieyebao plucks, Luan floats, Bo Nu Jiaohe". In 1212 (the fifth year of Jiading of Song Dynasty), he Zhiyou visited Nanyue and copied the inscription on the mountain of yilou. When he passed Changsha, he asked someone to engrave it on the top of Yuelu Mountain. After Song Dynasty, the stele was covered by scholars. Pan Yi, the governor of Changsha in the Ming Dynasty, found this stele and spread it all over the world. Since then, Yu stele has become famous all over the world. There are more than 10 Yu steles all over the country. It is said that they were all re carved by Yu steles in Yuelu Mountain, which shows its precious value.

There is also a famous stele in Yuelu Mountain, the stele of Lushan temple. Its scale is magnificent, with a height of nearly 3 meters and a width of more than 1 meter. It was written and written by Li Yong, a famous writer and calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, and carved with stone by Huang Xianhe. The inscriptions are more than 1400 words, which are used in parallel and prose style. It describes the restoration of Lushan temple in 500 years from the establishment of Lushan temple in the period of 265-274 to the establishment of the monument in the period of 713-741 in the Tang Dynasty, the process of Buddhist preaching in the past dynasties, and the beautiful scenery of Yuelu Mountain. Because of its unique literary talent, calligraphy and carving, it is also called "three unique steles". "Three unique steles" have a high reputation in ancient Chinese stele art. Running script is a new creation of this stele, with vigorous and powerful writing power. Later calligraphy masters, such as Su Shi and Mi Fu, have followed its method. Zhao Mengfu, a great calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty, said to himself: "every time he makes a big character, he intends to imitate it.". Since ancient times, many famous scholars have come specially to observe this monument when they visit Yuelu Mountain. Zhang Yao of Song Dynasty and Li Dongyang of Ming Dynasty have left poems chanting it, which shows its great influence on later generations.

Tang Dynasty is the peak period of poetry. When famous poets such as Luo Binwang, Du Fu, Li Bai and Li Shangyin came and went to chant ancient Changsha, Hunan's local heroes Wang Yu and Li qunyu also showed their talents, writing poems and couplets.

In the Song Dynasty, there was a story about Huyin, one of the founders of Huxiang school, denouncing treacherous officials in Yuelu Mountain. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers continued to invade the south. Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, was partial to the left side of the Yangtze River. Qin Hui, who was in charge of the imperial power, was afraid of the enemy and surrendered blindly. Hu Yin, who witnessed the internal and external troubles of the country, was extremely dissatisfied with the court of the Southern Song Dynasty and deeply resented Qin Hui. He resigned from the capital and asked for instructions to return to Hunan to live with his father Hu Anguo and his younger brother Hu Hong. Once, Hu Yin was visiting Lushan temple in Yuelu Mountain of Changsha when he heard that Liu Dan, a member of Qin Hui's party, had come to Hunan to be an official. He was very angry, so he wrote on the wall: "he Nanhai's crocodile, to be a bird of Changsha." The metaphor of crocodile in the South China Sea comes from Han Yu's sacrifice to crocodile in Tang Dynasty. It is said that Han Yu was appointed as a governor of Chaozhou on the South China Sea at the beginning. He knew that there were crocodiles in the evil river, which almost ate up the people's livestock. He wrote a letter of sacrifice to crocodiles and put it into the evil river. He ordered the crocodiles to leave Chaozhou for the South China Sea within a limited day, otherwise they would be killed. As a result, the crocodiles were afraid to sneak away, and there would never be any crocodiles in Chaozhou. Liu Dan