Chenlu ancient town

Chenlu ancient town

Chenlu ancient town is located 15 kilometers southeast of Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, which is under the jurisdiction of Yintai District of Tongchuan City.

Basic information

The total area of the town is 99.7 square kilometers, and the terrain is low mountain ridge highland landform. The average altitude is 1200 meters. The town governs 18 administrative villages and two communities. By the end of 2008, the total population was 19800, including more than 6000 township residents.

Chenlu is located 15 Li southeast of Yintai District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. The total area of the town is 99.7 square kilometers. The terrain is low mountain ridge plateau and hilly landform. The average altitude is 1200 meters. The town governs 18 administrative villages and two communities. By the end of 2008, the total population was 19800, including 6000 township residents. According to historical records, Chenlu town got its name from the "display of pottery stoves" and kept its name for ceramics. Chenlu ancient town is the only place where Yaozhou Kiln was still making porcelain after the song and Yuan Dynasties. The fire for firing ceramics has been burning for more than 1000 years, forming a unique beauty of "Lushan never sleeps", which is one of the eight scenic spots of ancient Tongguan.

Chenlu ancient town in Tongchuan is the only place where Yaozhou Kiln is still making porcelain after song and Yuan Dynasties. It has continued Yaozhou Kiln fire for more than 1400 years, forming a unique beauty of "furnace mountain never sleeps". Chenlu ancient town is also named for its "pottery furnace display". As the largest porcelain kiln in Shaanxi and even northwest China, it is known as "living fossil of oriental ancient ceramic production".

Its ceramics are famous for their simple and simple patterns and rich folk flavor. "Lushan never sleeps" is a magnificent spectacle of Chenlu ancient town since ancient times, which vividly summarizes the long and unique history and culture of Chenlu. Nowadays, people in Chenlu ancient town still live in caves and rely on hand-made pottery workshops to support their families, facing the walls of pots and walking on the road of porcelain pieces In the daytime, under the sun, the whole mountain town is covered in a colorful light due to the mutual reflection of ceramic colors. At night, the fire for firing ceramics is particularly eye-catching and gorgeous, which sets off the mystery and enchantment of the whole ancient town.

The world-famous "big old bowl" porcelain is the unique traditional blue and white porcelain of Chenlu, which is called blue flower by local people. The freehand brushwork of flowers, birds, fish and insects depicted above is a concise summary. Whether it's talking about several strokes of orchids, alfalfa, tangled peonies, or a small fish, the brushwork is immediately vivid on the bowls and dishes, and the simple folk interest shows the quality of the atmosphere. When you tap on the pottery bowl, you will make a sound as clear as a chime jade. In addition to celadon, Chen Lu also produced a kind of Malachite blue porcelain bottle in the late 1970s. It is decorated with Gemstone like blue and gold painting. It has a delicate and rich secular atmosphere. Facing these exquisite and simple ceramic crafts, we have to marvel at the extraordinary of Chenlu porcelain town.

Show off porcelain culture

Chen kiln is named after "pottery kiln display". Chen kiln is the inheritance and continuation of ancient Yaozhou Kiln and an important part of Yaozhou Kiln. Chen kiln has inherited the fire of Yaozhou Kiln for more than 1300 years. It is the only Yaozhou Kiln that has been fired continuously and never stopped. It is a living Yaozhou Kiln and a living fossil for studying ancient ceramics. In the Song Dynasty, China's porcelain industry flourished, and four kiln systems, Ding kiln, Jun kiln, Yaozhou Kiln and Cizhou kiln, were formed in the north. These four kilns are famous in China for their exquisite craftsmanship and exquisite products. They sell well overseas and are known as the four famous kilns in northern China. Yaozhou Kiln was founded in Huangbao Town, Wangyi District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province in the Tang Dynasty, and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. It gradually declined after the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and stopped burning in the Ming Dynasty. According to the existing archaeological investigation, since the Jin Dynasty, the center of Yaozhou Kiln porcelain industry has gradually shifted to the eastern mountain site slope (today's Chenlu town site slope Village) 20 km away from it, and then to the present Chenlu town area through Shangdian (today's Chenlu town Shangdian Village). Therefore, today's Yaozhou Kiln Chen kiln site includes Li Di Po, Shang Dian and Chen kiln.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chenlu ceramic production reached its peak, with 800 townspeople engaged in all kinds of ceramics. County records: "porcelain field from foot to top, East and West three miles, North and South five miles, fire day and night does not extinguish, night are bright, looking out of the mountain, yingyingran a mountain lamp also." Lushan is one of the eight scenic spots of Tongguan (Jiyang sunset, Xiandong Zhaoxia, Jiangci breeze, waterfall and spring rain, spring snow in three mountains, winter ice in two rivers, Lianyun in high peak, Lushan never night). The ancients wrote a poem praising: "it's never night to see from afar outside the mountain, and the stars and the moon run in different directions.". This is a true portrayal of the prosperity of Chenlu porcelain industry at that time. Chenlu is the largest porcelain production base in Northwest China after the ancient Yaozhou Kiln, known as the "porcelain capital of Weibei".

scenic spot

Chenlu ancient town scenic spot

Chenlu town is located 15 kilometers southeast of Tongchuan City. It is named after the "pottery stove display" and flourished for more than 1400 years due to ceramics. It has become the largest ceramic production base in Northwest China since the Ming Dynasty and has the reputation of "oriental ancient porcelain town".

Chen Lu town is the direct inheritance site of the Yaozhou kiln of the famous kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty. It inherited its production technology and created a new world of folk ceramic products. It also formed another huge porcelain base including the surrounding land slope, the upper shop and other villages and towns. Since then, there has been no end to fireworks. It is the largest ancient ceramic kiln in China and the world. Here we can see the original pottery making scenes since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the mountains, the materials are picked up by hand and pushed by truck; the mud pool is displayed as bright as a mirror; the billet is made by hand and made by wheel; the horseshoe kiln is fired and there is little improvement. Ceramic tiles are piled up all over the place. The exhibition hall has a rich collection of fine ceramics from past dynasties. The craftsman's residence is built close to the mountain, with layers of red bricks, spacious and clean; pots, soft walls and porcelain paving, simple and chic. The four fortresses in the town are towering, and the remains are still there. It is a good place to cool in summer.

The total planning scale of Chenlu's three kilns is nearly 20 square kilometers. There are 34 ceramic firing areas, including 12 Chenlu kilns. The planning area of Chenlu town scenic spot is nearly 2.5 square kilometers. The basic framework is to take Chenlu Sibao mountain ridge as the boundary, including Chenlu town and main scenic areas. The overall terrain of the scenic spot is like a big basin. The four fortresses and the surrounding mountain ridges are "basin edge", the valley bottom is "basin bottom", and the residential areas and production intensive areas in the middle of the surrounding mountains are "basin side".

In the course of thousands of years of porcelain development history, Chenlu ancient town has accumulated a strong ceramic culture. The relics of ancient kilns are all over the town. The cans and walls, the paving of ceramic tiles and the stacked houses like beehives constitute the unique style of Chenlu ancient town with oil painting effect. The folk food and folk customs are also self-contained. The ceramic industrial heritage of the 20th century is interwoven with the relics of the ancient kilns. The ceramic bars of the porcelain workshops are scattered all over the town, and the ancient porcelain making skills are still on display. All of these have attracted experts and scholars, people from the cultural and art circles, and the vast number of Chinese and foreign tourists. This is an ideal leisure tourism destination that can satisfy different cultural levels, enjoy both refined and popular tastes, and enjoy each other.

Four gold lettered signboards

In 2006, Chenlu ancient kiln site was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units; in the same year, yaoci firing technology was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list; in 2008, Chenlu ancient town was named as the fourth batch of Chinese historical and cultural towns, which is the only Chinese historical and cultural town in Shaanxi Province; in 2011, Chenlu ancient town was named as Chinese folk cultural art The land of art. This is the most dazzling four gold lettered signboards among many honorary titles in Chenlu ancient town.

Eight scenes of Chenlu

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were eight local sceneries all over the country. Lushan, one of the "eight sceneries of Tongguan (today's Tongchuan)" at that time, reflected the prosperity of Chenlu porcelain industry. In Qing Dynasty, Chenlu also had "eight scenes of Chenlu", which has been handed down to the present. Some of the reflected landscapes no longer exist.

Eight sceneries of Chenlu (local ballad, Qing Dynasty)

Lushan is the first scene in the night,

Clay pool, water mirror, pottery Rongsheng.

The stone and jade pillars promise a good harvest,

There are many layers and holes in the city.

The four fortresses are far away from each other,

Tao Zong of Zhou Dynasty has a long history.

The ancient temples are densely protected by Qiongyun,

Rosy clouds and colorful screen talk about Danqing.

First scene, Lushan never sleeps. It refers to the prosperous porcelain industry of Chenlu kiln in that year, and the fire of the kiln was not extinguished day and night. The firing scale of Chenlu porcelain industry is not the same as that of that year. This scene no longer exists today. The special management department of the ancient town scenic area is planning to rebuild and restore this landscape with modern science and technology. "Mud pool water mirror pottery Rongsheng" refers to the large amount of mud used for porcelain making in that year, with many mud pools and grand overall scale. The remains of the modern and ancient mud pool are still there, well preserved, which shows the grand occasion of that year. "Shikui Yuzhu Fengnian omen" refers to Chenlu Fangquan, which has constant running water all the year round. The terrain is shady, cold and frozen. It looks like a Yuzhu hanging Shikui. Today, the spring is still there, and the landscape is as good as it was. "The city of Wanhua" refers to the characteristics of Chenlu dwellings. The old dwellings in Chenlu are all cave dwellings built according to the "basin Gang". The upper courtyard is the top of the lower one. Living together in groups, you can see from a distance that layers are as dense as a beehive and a flower city. "Four fortresses facing each other from afar" refers to the four fortresses on the ridge around Chenlu: North fortress in the north, Cuijia fortress in the West (also known as West fortress), South fortress in the south, and Yongshou village in the west of South fortress. The four fortresses were all built in the Ming Dynasty, forming a trend of echo from afar. The ruins of the four fortresses are still here today, basically showing the landscape of that year. "Zhou Tao Zong Gu Yi Chang Xing" reflects that the technique of making porcelain by Chen furnace has a long history, and it has been handed down from the year when it was founded. This scene can be used as the kiln God of Chenlu Xishe

Chinese PinYin : Chen Lu Gu Zhen