Sihaobei forest garden in Shangshan

Sihaobei forest garden in Shangshan

Located in the west of Danfeng County, Shangshan Sihao stele forest park is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. There are huge tombs, ancient cypresses and steles in the park. There are four doctors of the Qin Dynasty more than 2000 years ago: Zhou Shu, Wu Shi, Cui Guang and Tang Bing.

brief introduction

Shangshan sihaobei Forest Park is located in the west section of Shangzhen new street, 7.5 km west of Danfeng County. It is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. Li Ruihuan inscribed the four Haobei forest garden in Shangshan.

Four doctors of the Qin Dynasty, Zhou Shu, Wu Shi, Cui Guang and Tang Bing, are buried in the forest garden of sihaobei. The four old people lived in seclusion in Shangshan because of their noble conduct, silver beard and noble head, avoiding burning books and burying Confucians in Qin Dynasty. They lived a poor life of eating Shangzhi and living in caves. They once wrote the famous "picking Zhi Cao", which spread in later generations. So far, in the area of Longju, a commercial town, the folk dance of "four demons" (four daughters of Sihao) is still kept in the Spring Festival as "story" and "Shehuo".

In the past, literati and poets left more than 100 poems in Shangshan, praising the four sages for their indifference to fame and wealth and adherence to moral integrity. Li Bai, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, and Bai Juyi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, praised Sihao. In order to show the integrity of the four Hao sages to future generations and integrate these ancient poems with historical relics, calligraphy and sculpture, the four Hao stele forest park was built in November 2003.

The second phase development project of sihaobei forest park with a total investment of 16 million yuan covers an area of 20 mu. The 80 meter long and 30 meter wide Sihao ancient building cultural area will be developed and constructed, which will go south to national highway 312. It will fundamentally improve the appearance of Sihao scenic spot, expand the scale of "Shangshan Sihao", add new historical and cultural connotation, and create the cultural relics tourism brand of "Shangshan Sihao".

Historical evolution

Mountains are not high, but immortals are famous. Shangshan is famous for its four sages. These four sages are indifferent to fame and wealth, and are willing to die. The noble demeanor and integrity of the mountains are highly respected by ancient and modern scholars. Today's charm Shangluo lets tourists go to the sihaobei forest garden in Shangshan, Danfeng County to look for the relics of the four sages.

The fear of wealth is better than that of poverty.

These four poems are one of the four sages of Sihao. They express the noble qualities of thinking of danger in times of peace, cherishing the world, retiring after success, and willing to die in the mountains. They are widely praised by later generations.

Shangshan Sihao refers to the four famous scholars of dongyuangong, Mr. Luli, qiliji and xiahuanggong in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty (around 200 BC). They didn't want to be officials and lived in seclusion in Shangshan to avoid the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty. They ate Shangzhi and lived in caves. Out of the mountain are more than 80, eyebrow white, so called "four Hao Shangshan.".

Since the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang has long heard of Sihao's great reputation. He once asked them to be officials, but they were refused. When Liu Bang wanted to abolish the crown prince Liu Ying, empress Lu asked Zhang Liang to protect the crown prince. Zhang Liang suggests Liu Ying go to Shangshan and ask Sihao to come out of the mountain to help the crown prince. Sihao thought of all the people in the world and decided to go out of the mountain to help Liu Ying and save the imperial power from the turmoil. When Liu Bang saw that he asked Sihao to help the prince, he knew that the prince had plump wings and gave up the idea of changing the prince.

After the crown prince Liu Ying became emperor, he was appointed a senior official of Sihao. They declined politely and returned to Shangshan, where they continued to live in seclusion.

After his death, Sihao was buried at the foot of Shangshan. Today, the tombs of the four old men are still intact. In the past, the literati and poets in Shangshan praised the four sages for their noble demeanor and indifference to fame and wealth. The poems were carved into inscriptions for tourists to comment on. From these inscriptions and poems left by scholars of all ages, we can still see the spirit of Sihao of Shangshan more than 2000 years ago.

Exhibition introduction

In the forest garden of Sihao stele in Shangshan, there are four doctors of the Qin Dynasty more than 2000 years ago. The four old people live in seclusion in Shangshan because of their noble conduct and noble head. They avoid burning books and burying scholars in the Qin Dynasty. They are known as "Sihao in Shangshan" in the world. Later, he refused to be granted the title because of his contribution to KuangDing Han Dynasty, and still lived in seclusion in Shangshan. After his death, Emperor Xiaohui of the Han Dynasty personally erected a stele saying "civil servants get off the sedan chair, military generals get off the horse", ordering all officials to sweep the tombs at four o'clock to show respect.

Cultural corridor

Shangshan Sihao stele Linyuan Shangshan Sihao refers to the four famous scholars of dongyuangong, Mr. Luli, qiliji and xiahuanggong in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty (about 200 years ago). They do not want to be officials, long-term hidden in Shangshan, out of the mountain are more than 80, eyebrows white, it is known as the "four haos of Shangshan.". Liu Bang heard about Sihao for a long time and asked them to be officials, but he was rejected. After Liu Bang ascended the throne, he established his eldest son Liu Ying as the crown prince and granted his second son Ruyi as the king of Zhao. Later, Liu Ying was born cowardly and mediocre in talent, while Ruyi, his second son, was brilliant and outstanding in talent and learning. Liu Ying's mother, empress Lu, was very worried when she heard about it, so she followed the advice of Zhang Liang, the founding minister, and hired four haos from Shangshan. One day, Liu Bang had a banquet with the prince. He saw four white haired old people behind the prince. After asking, I found out that it was four Hao of Shangshan. Sihao came forward to apologize and said, "I heard that the prince is a person with lofty ideals, filial piety and courtesy. So I came together to be a guest of the prince. Liu Bang knew that everyone sympathized with the prince, and saw that the prince had four great sages to assist him, so he eliminated the idea of establishing Ruyi, the king of Zhao, as the prince. Liu Ying later succeeded to the throne and became emperor Hui.

Shangshan Sihao

Name of Sihao

Four Hao's name: first, dongyuangong, surnamed Tang mingbing, with the word xuanming; second, xiahuanggong, surnamed Cui Mingguang, with the word Shaotong; third, qiliji, surnamed Wu Mingshi, with the word Zijing; fourth, Mr. Lu Li, surnamed Zhou Mingshu, with the word Yuandao, with the word Beijing dominating Mr. Shang.

The historical sites of Sihao are widely distributed and recited in Shangluo and in China. In Danfeng and Shangzhou, "Sihao ancestral temple" is built; in Luonan, "Sihao township" is built; in Shangnan, "lulidong", "Lushan" and "lulifang" are built. In addition, there are "Sihao Temple" and "Sihao village" in Xi'an. Chengcheng, Lantian and Huaxian have "Shangshan Temple". There are also "Sihao Temple", "Dongyuan Temple", "Lu'an", "qiliwu" and "huanggongjing" in jiluan of Henan Province and Dongting Xishan of Suzhou of Jiangsu Province. His deeds and anecdotes have been recorded in historical records, Hanshu, Sikuquanshu, Taiping Huanyu Ji, as well as a large number of books, historical records, local chronicles and family stories.

In order to avoid the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, the "four haos of Shangshan" fled from the "burning books and burying scholars" incident and lived in seclusion between Shangshan and Luoshui to save their lives. The four doctorates are divided and combined. They have traveled in Shangzhou, Danfeng, Shangnan, Shanyang and Luonan successively. In order to make a comeback when the imperial court "must use scholars". As they preach, they hide or present according to the situation. In today's words, when the wind is tight, they hide in the Qinwang mountain or Wenxian mountain in Shangzhou. Sometimes they have been to Shangnan, shanyangzhong village, Yinhua and other places, which are usually scattered and hidden. When the imperial court was relaxed, they lived on the edge of Shangzhou city and Danfeng city (now Shangluo transportation company compound and Commercial Town Street). After the change of Dynasty, he was recommended by Zhang Liang to help Liu Ying ascend the throne of God. In order to avoid the court struggle, he returned to Shangshan to continue to live in seclusion, and went out of the blue pass to Lantian, Chang'an and other places. When he was old, some returned to their hometown for burial. Now in the tomb of Sihao in Shangzhen, only one or two of Sihao are buried with their servants, not all of them.

"Four haos of Shangshan" is an epitome of the character and destiny of ancient intellectuals. They are timid and unwilling to be lonely. They want to give advice to the court and participate in politics, but they are not willing to take political risks. They are actually shrinking their heads. They are far less loyal than the generals.

The legend of Sihao

After the Han Dynasty destroyed the Qin Dynasty, the world was determined. Liu Bang admired the name of "Sihao" for a long time, so he called for it. In his later years, he wanted to abolish the crown prince Liu Ying and set up Ruyi, the son of his beloved concubine Qi, as the crown prince. Empress Lu took the prince's letter from Zhang Liangji to Shangshan to welcome "Sihao" (another way is to say, according to the biography of Gao Shizhuan quoted by Taiping Huanyu, empress Zhang Liangyi, the empress of Han Dynasty, welcomed Sihao in Nanshan Mountain). When she arrived in Shangzhou, she mistook shuangru mountain in Danjiang as Shangshan, so she stopped here, so later generations called it "gaocheling"), and Sihao came out of the mountain and helped the prince. Sihao came out of the mountain, shaking the government and the public, praised by later generations.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Chunhua No.2 (1991), who was demoted to Shangzhou regiment training Deputy envoy, Wang Yucheng wrote the stone tablet of Sihao temple, which said: "those who know advance and retreat, survive and perish without losing their rightness are only saints. Mr. Liu knew that he would die if he avoided Qin Dynasty; he knew that he would survive if he was an Liu; he knew that he would advance if he was engaged by Xiao Hui; he knew that he would retire if he refused the order of Gao Zu. We have all four, and we are among them. Sir, who is holy but not holy? If he didn't avoid the chaos in Qin Dynasty, he would burn books and pit scholars, like gauss; if he didn't go out of danger in Han Dynasty, he would act in seclusion, and his nest would be built by his disciples; if he was ordered by Emperor Gaozu, he would drown his crown and ride his neck; if he refused to accept the appointment of filial piety and Hui, he would not be famous. If you quote it, you can say that you are all virtuous! ".

Liu Bang, king of Han Dynasty, died in April of the 12th year. In May, the crown prince Liu Ying succeeded to the throne as emperor Huidi of the Han Dynasty. The emperor wanted to be an official, but Sihao refused to accept it. He still lived in seclusion in Shangshan. Mr. Luli's wife, Sha, together with his son Fengxiang and his daughter-in-law Ma, also settled in Shangshan.

Tomb of Sihao

Today, there is Sihao cemetery in Shangluo Town, 7.5km west of Danfeng County, covering an area of 1848 square meters. There are three tombs in the cemetery as the main tombs, and two tombs outside the cemetery as the accompanying tombs. The old tomb area is surrounded by pine, osmanthus, ancient cypress, old locust and forest

Chinese PinYin : Shang Shan Si Hao Bei Lin Yuan