Ciqikou Ancient Town

Every city has an ancient street with its own characteristics. Beijing has Wangfujing, Wuhan has Hubu lane, Nanjing has Confucius Temple, and Xi'an has Huimin street. In Chongqing, Ciqikou is responsible.

From the main entrance, the stone road is very narrow, with various vendors and shops on both sides. There are many snacks and specialties. Chen Mahua and chicken miscellaneous shops are especially suitable for eating all the way. The main street is crowded and noisy, too heavy commercialization, poor management, no public toilet, few garbage cans, and the sanitation is chaotic. The most primitive taste is almost hard to experience.

Travelers who don't like the excitement can turn around and enjoy the most real life. There is a small street, full of graffiti, selling a lot of gadgets, small and fresh, full of literary style. Cute girls can't move here.

Go along the ancient street to the Jialing River. There are many tea houses by the river. Sit down and have a cup of tea. It's nice to watch the river water. The minimum fee for a tea seat is 25 yuan per person.

Ciqikou Ancient Town

Ciqikou Ancient Town, formerly known as Longyin town

It is a national AAAA scenic spot, a famous historical and cultural street in China, a key protected traditional street in Chongqing, a "new Bayu twelve sceneries" in Chongqing, and a Bayu folk culture tourism circle.

Ciqikou Ancient Town, located on the Bank of Jialing River in Shapingba District of Chongqing, was built in Song Dynasty. It has a unique landform of "one river, two streams, three mountains and four streets", forming a natural harbor. It is an important land and water wharf beside Jialing River. Once "thousands of people bow their hands in the daytime and ten thousand bright lights at night" flourished for a time.

Ciqikou Ancient Town is rich in Bayu culture, religious culture, shaci culture, Hongyan culture and folk culture. A stone road, Millennium Ciqikou, is the epitome and symbol of the ancient city of Chongqing, which is praised as "little Chongqing".

Ciqikou Ancient Town has developed traditional performances such as oil pressing, silk drawing, sugar making, dough kneading and Sichuan Opera, as well as various traditional snacks and teahouses. The Ciqikou Temple Fair held every Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional activity, attracting tens of thousands of people to participate.

Historical evolution

The earliest name of Ciqikou was baiyanchang, which began in the Xianping period of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty (998-1003). It was named after the Baiyan temple.

In the fourth year of Jianwen reign of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yunwen, the emperor of Jianwen, was usurped by his fourth uncle Zhu Di. After escaping from the palace, he cut his hair and became a monk. When he was exiled to Bayu, he had been hiding in Baolun temple on Baiyan mountain for four or five years. After people knew about it, they changed the name of Baolun temple to Longyin Temple based on the fact that emperor Zhenlong once lived in seclusion here, and baiyanchang was also changed to Longyin town.

In the early Qing Dynasty, porcelain became the main industry of Longyin town for a long time. In 1918, local merchants and gentry raised funds to set up a "Shu porcelain factory" in qingcaopo of Zhenzhong, which made porcelain with new technology and sold it far away to other places. Later, with the progress of technology, the variety of porcelain increased, and the reputation also expanded. In Longyin Town, there were more than 70 porcelain companies when the porcelain industry was the most developed.

During the period of the Republic of China, Chongqing became the second capital. Because of the convenience of water transportation, Longyin town became the distribution center of agricultural and sideline local products in various states, counties and tributaries along the Jialing River. Some big traders in the city opened branches in Ciqikou to buy goods, and exported cotton yarn, cloth, kerosene, salt and sugar, Yangguang groceries, daily necessities, metal pigments, bowl and paper, and specialty tobacco It's a family. According to statistics, Ciqikou has more than 300 cargo ships (with an average load of 10 tons) entering and leaving the wharf every day. There are more than 1670 businesses, warehouses and various workshops, and more than 760 vendors. More than 300 cargo ships (with an average load of 10 tons) enter and leave the wharf every day. Temporary streets have been built in the wharf dam, including Shanghe street, Zhonghe street and Xiahe street. There are also professional Mu Zhu street, tie Huo street, ceramic street, pig market and rice market, each with its own place and city. These merchants gradually changed the name of Longyin town to porcelain mouth. The reason is that it is more appropriate and convenient. Later, because the word "porcelain" was interlinked with "magnetism", it was also called Ciqikou. Ciqikou's business is concentrated in the dock and jinrongzheng street, which is near the dock. Besides the dock, there are four long-standing silk factories, one woolen factory, 24 ordnance factory (now special steel factory) and 25 ordnance factory (now Jialing factory), all of which have their own freight terminals. From morning till night on the wharf, there is an endless stream of business, loading and unloading. Business is business, wholesale and retail volume purchase, smooth flow of goods. Douya Bay on the right side of the wharf is the site of the rice Gang, the timber Gang, the bamboo goods gang and the coal gang. Adjacent to pier River Street are tiehuo street, pig market, chicken duck egg market and salt market. The trade associations of all industries have offices, including 26 in food and pastry industry, 20 in cotton yarn industry, 116 in teahouses and pubs.

After liberation, Ciqikou was still prosperous. From morning till night, there was an endless stream of business on the wharf, which was known as "little Chongqing". At that time, there was a folk song: "in the daytime, thousands of people bow their hands, and at night, thousands of bright lights." "Thousands of people bow their hands" means that the boatman of thousands of boats come to dock every day "Ten thousand bright lights" refers to the gathering of merchants on the wharf. At night, they light up the oil pot, calcium carbide lamp and steam lamp respectively, and the light is as bright as the stars.

In 1958, the wharf was moved to Hanyu Road, and the role of Ciqikou as a distributing center and transfer station of the land and water wharf in the past gradually disappeared. In order to preserve this rich historical and cultural heritage, the government took measures to cultivate and restore the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties for development, and built Ciqikou Ancient Town into a folk cultural district scenic spot. In 1997, Chongqing issued a new set of "the last memory" local magnetic cards, which is juxtaposed with Jiefangbei, Tongyuanmen and Linjiangmen, is Ciqikou wharf.

It is said that emperor Yunwen, the grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang in the early Ming Dynasty, was usurped by his fourth uncle Zhu Di, the king of Yan. He cut his hair to become a monk and came to Chongqing to hide in Baolun temple. Therefore, the original "Baiyan town" was renamed "Longyin town". Longyin town has a radius of more than 30 Li, up to the wellhead and down to Liziba.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Sichuan Governor Liu Xiang went to Ciqikou to set up a steel-making plant and a machine repair plant, becoming the earliest steel-making base in Sichuan.

During the Anti Japanese War, when the Provincial Institute of education was running a school in Ciqikou, Wu Mi, a master of Chinese and Western culture, taught here. In addition to preaching, teaching, and writing books, he occasionally went to the teahouse in the center of the town to enjoy tea while playing "dragon's gate array" with tea guests to understand the people's feelings and society.

Ding Zhaozhong, the Nobel Laureate in physics, studied at Jialing primary school in Baoshan palace, Ciqikou main street during the Anti Japanese war.

Ciqikou Fenghuang mountain, as the residence of the fine arts committee of the Ministry of education of the national government, gathered many artists and aestheticians such as Xu Beihong, Fu Baoshi, Wang Linyi, Zhang Shuzu, Feng Zikai and Zong Baihua.

"Hua Ziliang" in the novel "Red Rock" is even more well-known, leaving traces of his revolutionary activities in Ciqikou. According to the old people, Hua Ziliang often goes to the town to buy vegetables, salt, soy sauce, and go after shopping. The old people have seen him, and the place where he meets with the underground party is in a Chuandou house in Ciqikou, but I can't tell which one. This adds to the mystery of the ancient town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Ciqikou Ancient Town is located at 116 ° 42 ′ E and 39 ° 89 ′ n, in the northeast of Shapingba District, the main city of Chongqing. It is a folk cultural ancient town with a history of more than 1000 years. The terrain is adjacent to Jialing River in the front and Gele Mountain in the back. Jinbi mountain, Ma'anshan mountain and Fenghuang Mountain are juxtaposed, surrounded by Qingshui River and Fenghuang river. After the development of the past dynasties, two streets were formed, which were called "main street" and "old street" by local people. Ciqikou, an ancient town, has 12 streets and alleys. On both sides of the street are mostly Ming and Qing style buildings. The ground is paved with stone slabs and there are many shops along the street.

Climatic characteristics

Ciqikou Ancient Town is located in the subtropical inland area of the northern hemisphere, which belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid climate. The annual average temperature is 18 ℃. The characteristics are just like a few Proverbs: the temperature is unstable in the early spring, the summer is long and hot, the summer is dry, the autumn is cool and rainy, the winter is warm, the snow is less, the clouds are more. The temperature in January is the lowest, the monthly average temperature is 7 ℃, and the minimum limit temperature is minus 3.8 ℃. The highest temperature is between 27 ℃ and 38 ℃ from July to August, and the maximum temperature can reach 43.8 ℃. The annual rainfall is 1000-1100 ml. the rainy season is mainly in summer and autumn, especially at night. It is foggy from late autumn to early spring, with an average annual foggy day of 68 days. The average annual sunshine hours are 1259.5 hours, slightly higher from July to August, with the average monthly sunshine hours of 230 hours, and less than 150 hours in other months. Surrounded by mountains and ravines on three sides, the wind speed is small. But in summer thunderstorm weather, it is abnormal, often accompanied by strong wind, the wind speed can reach 10-27 meters per second. The main disastrous weather is rainstorm, flood, drought and so on.

The most pleasant seasons of the year are spring and autumn. The most beautiful time of the day is early morning and evening. Avoid visiting Ciqikou Ancient Town at noon in summer. Chongqing, known as "stove", has an outdoor temperature of more than 40 degrees at noon in summer.

Main attractions

Ancient Wharf

The ancient ferry terminal for transporting goods and materials in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Located on the Jialing River, it was formed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and flourished in the Republic of China.

Jiushigang River Beach

Located on the Bank of Jialing River, it is said that Zhang Xianzhong, the leader of peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty, invaded the treasure land of Chongqing. There is a folk saying that "stone jar vs stone drum, gold is fifty thousand, who can know, buy Chongqing house"

Chinese PinYin : Ci Qi Kou Gu Zhen