Wuhou Temple in Nanyang

Nanhang Wuhou Temple is located in the West WoLonggang, Nanyang City, Henan Province, which is a national key cultural relics protection unit. It is said that Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of the Shu Han Dynasty and Marquis of Wuxiang, worked here and built a memorial temple in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the temple was destroyed by war and rebuilt during the period of Dade (1297-1307). Ten sceneries of WoLonggang (1662-1722), Luo Jing, the governor of Nanyang County, found stone inscriptions in the ancestral hall chanting "ten sceneries of WoLonggang". According to these inscriptions, he rebuilt banyuetai, laolongdong, yeyunan, Caolu, xiaohongqiao, baoxishi, Gonggeng Pavilion, gubaiting, liangfuyan and zhugejing outside the ancestral hall, which set off the Mountain Gate, main hall, qingfenglou, sangutang, Guanzhang hall and stone archway of Wuhou ancestral hall. Constitute a magnificent ancient architectural complex. There are many inscriptions in the temple, among which Zhuge Liang, written by Yue Fei, was a teacher before and after, and his calligraphy is free and easy. There is a platform in the southeast corner of the temple, which is said to be the reading place of Zhuge Liang, and a dragon horn tower in the southwest corner. Thatched cottage: located in the middle of the back of the ancestral hall, it is a new octagonal thatched pavilion built on the site of Zhuge Liang's former residence. The "ZHUGE thatched cottage" on the forehead was written by Guo Moruo in 1973, and the "ZHUGE thatched cottage" on the inside was written by Yu Youren, President of the supervisory yuan of the national government in 1940. After the amount of "Nanyang Zhuge Lu" for the Qing Dynasty Guangxu 20 years (1894) Nanyang magistrate Fu Fengjia book. Xiaohongqiao: before the thatched cottage, there was a small blue brick bridge, exquisite and exquisite, like a rainbow, so it was named. It is said that Zhuge Liang must pass through.

Temple of Marquis

synonym

Wuhou Temple in Nanyang generally refers to Wuhou Temple (Wuhou Temple in Nanyang City, Henan Province)

Nanyang Wuhou Temple is located in WoLonggang, west of Nanyang City, Henan Province. It was first built in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has a history of more than 1800 years. It is a place for worshiping Zhuge Liang in successive dynasties.

Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang, Nanyang, was listed as one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province in 1963, one of the national key cultural relics protection units in 1996, one of the national AAAA tourist attractions in 2007, and one of the first batch of national second-class museums in 2008.

Human history

Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang, Nanyang, can be traced back to the Wei and Jin Dynasties. According to the notes of Nanyang Fu Zhi in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty and Longgang Zhi in Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Zhuge Liang died in wuzhangyuan, so Huang Quan led his people to build an nunnery in WoLonggang, Nanyang to commemorate Wuhou, which was called "ZHUGE nunnery"; during Yongxing of Jin Dynasty, Zhennan General Liu Hong "Zhenwan" attacked "GuanLiang's former residence" in Zhangchang In Tang Dynasty, WoLonggang, Nanyang, appeared many times in literary works. Li Bai's "southern capital line" said: "who knows wolongke, long chants and worries about temples." Liu Yuxi's "humble chamber inscription" praised: "Nanyang zhugelu, xishuzi Yunting, kongziyun:" what's so humble? ", and Bai Juyi's poem" fish come to Nanyang to get water, dragon flies, heaven and Han will be Lin " It is said in Nanyang daozhong that "the wild grass is everywhere, I don't know who is studying martial arts and waiting for cultivation". All these show that WoLonggang has become a famous cultural relic and a place where people pay homage to the sages and cultivate their sentiment in the Tang Dynasty, and many literati have come here to visit and worship.

Song and Jin Dynasties

During the song and Jin Dynasties, the temple of marquis Wu in Nanyang suffered from repeated wars.

In 1138, when Yue Fei visited Wuhou Temple in Nanyang, he wrote Zhuge Liang's "Chushi Biao" with tears to "ease his heart a little". In 1298, Mahama, the governor of Nanyang County, presided over the repair of Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang, Nanyang, and cut 200 mu of land nearby as incense. In 1309, He Wei, a political official in Pingzhang, Henan Province, went to Nanyang to instruct local officials to expand Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang.

In the second year of yuanyanyou (1315), Emperor Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty handed in the book of Pingzhang's political affairs to the Hanlin, and named the ancient scenic spot of WoLonggang in Nanyang "Wuhou Temple"; in the seventh year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1528), Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty "bestowed" the amount of Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang in Nanyang, issued sacrificial inscriptions, set the date and sacrificial offerings of the second spring and Autumn Festival, and ordered local officials to offer sacrifices on schedule, and later on March 8, the 18th year of Jiajing (1539) On the second day, Wu Jing, the Duwei of the emperor's son-in-law, was sent to wan to offer sacrifices.

Ancestral temple status

Since then, the status of Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang of Nanyang has doubled, and the scale of the temple has become more spectacular, which has attracted more feudal officials and scholars to worship in the hall one after another, and greatly enriched the cultural connotation of Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang of Nanyang.

In the Qing Dynasty, Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang, Nanyang, was repaired many times with a large scale. Nowadays, Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang basically maintains the layout style of the yuan and Ming Dynasties, and its wooden buildings are mostly rebuilt or added in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In 1711, the magistrate Luo Jing presided over the overhaul of Wuhou Temple, built additional temples, built new corridors and pavilions, built mountains with soil and piled stones into peaks. According to the chants of the past dynasties and Zhuge Liang's daily life when he worked hard, he rebuilt ten scenes of WoLonggang according to the stone inscriptions of the predecessors' Longgang complete picture, and ordered people to plant bamboo and flowers in the space between the temples to decorate the Wuhou Temple It's beautiful and elegant.

This repair had a great influence on later generations, and laid the foundation for the scale of today's Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, there was a scene that "the temple of Mangdao Jinguan is better, and today's Longgang is more fragrant".

Maintenance protection

After the founding of new China, the party and government attached great importance to the maintenance and maintenance of Wuhou Temple in WoLonggang, Nanyang. Mr. Guo Moruo, the great historian, inscribed "Wuhou Temple" in 1959 and inscribed "ZHUGE cottage" in 1973.

Nanyang Municipal Party committee and government, standing on the height of improving Nanyang's popularity and developing Nanyang's economy, put forward the guiding ideology of "repairing and reproducing the original historical appearance of Zhuge Liang ' Great changes have taken place in the temple of Marquis with the largest scale and obvious effect in history.

Nanyang Wuhou Temple and Nanyang City Museum, which are located in Nanyang, have organized the wax exhibition of Zhuge Liang and Nanyang, which reflects the historical pictures of Zhuge Liang's reclusive life in Nanyang, Xu Shu Jian Xian and Liu Bei's Sangu. The wax exhibition of Yuefei's Yeshu Chu Shi Biao, which reproduces Yue Fei's passing through Nanyang on his way to resist Jin, stayed at Wuhou Temple at night and worshipped Wuhou, has also been held Now, when Zhuge Liang was working in Nanyang, he talked with his friends about the wax figure exhibition of Zhuge Liang's meeting with friends. The large-scale comprehensive exhibition of Han Dynasty culture garden, which integrates the essence of Nanyang Han Dynasty dance music and Han Dynasty technology, and reproduces Nanyang Han Dynasty's splendid history and culture, shows the audience China's ancient superb religious and architectural skills through the collection of 18 Arhats, religious statues, architectural components and other cultural relics The exhibition of fine ancient sculpture art, which is the art of building sculpture, as well as the large-scale worship ceremony and related activities held every year on Zhuge Liang memorial day, has been widely praised by tourists and has a good social effect.

Environmental layout

Nanyang Wuhou Temple is located on WoLonggang in the west of Nanyang City, Henan Province, which is a famous historical and cultural city in China. It sits from west to east by south. There are 267 existing halls and houses. The main buildings are arranged on a central axis from east to west, which is divided into front and back. The architectural layout is rigorous, the density is appropriate, the halls are majestic, and the pavilions are spectacular.

In front of the temple is the magnificent and elegant stone archway of "Eternal Dragon". It is 9 meters high and 13.5 meters wide. It has three doors and four pillars. The whole body is full of carvings. The symmetrical brocade patterns and patterns are scattered and colorful.

Towering outside the gate, the pillar towering to the sky, against the backdrop of green pines and cypresses, makes the Wuhou Temple more majestic and spectacular. From the mountain gate to the Great Hall of worship, the two corridors on the left and right are the front, where people worship Zhuge Liang.

The thatched cottage, ancient cypress Pavilion, Yeyun nunnery, Gonggeng Pavilion, companion platform, Xiaohong bridge, Liang Fuyan, Baoxi stone, Laolong cave and Gonggeng field in the back are commemorative buildings built according to Zhuge Liang's daily life (i.e. the ten scenes of Wolong). Finally, Ningyuan building, also known as Qingfeng building.

There are "ZHUGE well" and "Danning reading platform" outside the mountain gate. On the left side of the ancestral hall are Zhang hall, Sangu hall and Xiepu Pavilion; on the right side are Daofang hall, where Taoists used to live. Under the stage is Zhuge Academy. There is a dragon horn Pagoda in the southwest corner of the temple.

Flowers and plants

Dabai hall is the main building in front of the temple of marquis Wu. The hall is tall and magnificent. It is a Xieshan style building. There are more than ten plaques hanging in front of the hall. There are stone carvings embedded in the two walls. The statue of Zhuge Liang, marquis Wu, is made in China. On both sides are the standing statues of his son Zhuge Zhan and his grandson Zhuge Shang.

Ningyuan building is the main building at the back of the Wuhou Temple, and also the highest building in the temple. It is a double eaves veranda building with flowing corners and flying eaves. There is a statue of Zhuge Liang holding his knees and chanting in the middle of the building. You can see the beautiful scenery of Wancheng from the tower. Wuhou Temple in Nanyang covers an area of 153000 square meters. It has a pleasant scenery with bamboo groves, pines and cypresses, clear water, flowers and plants. The overall pattern is graceful, the structure is elegant and exquisite, the atmosphere is antique, and the artistic conception is picturesque. It does not lose the rigorous and solemn atmosphere of the temple, but also retains the lively and fresh scene of the former residence garden. The temple garden is open, with a forest area of nearly 100 mu. There are only more than 200 ancient and famous trees more than 100 years old.

places of historic figures and cultural heritage

Beautiful natural scenery and attractive cultural landscape complement each other, making people linger.

It integrates the style of garden architecture, ancestral temple architecture and local folk houses, and shows a high level of architectural art. Its plane formation is rich, the space combination is changeable, and the group layout is harmonious

Chinese PinYin : Nan Yang Wu Hou Ci