Zhan'ao tower

Zhan'ao tower

Zhan'ao pagoda, also known as Zhenhai pagoda, is a pavilion style pagoda built to subdue the tide God. It was built in Song Dynasty and rebuilt in Ming Dynasty. It has a history of more than 380 years. Zhan'ao tower is 40 meters high and 25 meters around. It is hexagonal in plane, with seven floors in appearance and eight floors in interior. It is a wooden building with brick body and magnificent shape. Climbing the zhan'ao pagoda to see the first line of tide is the biggest feature of Haining tide. Looking down from the pagoda, you can have a panoramic view of the ancient city of Yanguan, the Jade Emperor of Hangzhou and the east mountain of Xiashi.

brief introduction

The foundation was built by Guo Yilun, the magistrate of Wanli County, and succeeded Chen Yangming. It was completed in 1612. It has a history of more than 380 years. The height of zhan'ao tower is 15 Zhang (39.375 m in actual measurement) and around it is 9 Zhang and 6 ft (25.32 m in actual measurement). The plane of the tower is six cross shaped. It has seven floors on the outside and eight floors on the inside. The shape of the tower is very magnificent. The structure of the tower is composed of six copper chains, gourd and phase wheel. The body of the tower is made of brick Pavilion There are three arched pot doors between the center of each tower and the corridor. Because the tower is narrow, it is difficult to set stairs, so the thick wall of the arch is used to set steps. One arched ticket door leads to the upper layer, and the other two lead to the lower layer and this layer respectively. This improves the narrow area of the tower and makes the ancient tower more exquisite. There are bronze wind bells hanging on the corner of the pagoda. The breeze blows and makes an elegant "Ding Ling" sound. The ancient pagoda is originally painted with colorful murals, animals and waves. On the top floor of zhan'ao tower, there is a brick inscription of "zhan'ao tower", which is the handwriting of Chen Yangming, the county magistrate.

The biggest feature of Haining tide is to visit zhan'ao tower and watch the tide. "The stone platform of Zhenhai tower is the place where the tide is watched, and the tide of Tashan will arrive in a moment, and the Luocha river will turn back.". Emperor Qianlong of Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty left this poem after he ascended the tower. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Zong's poem "climbing the tower to watch the tide" has five rhythms, which is even more divine and beautiful: "when you are near the isolated tower with guests, the spring tide brings rain, a bird goes across the sky, and several sails open near the shore. When the wind blows fast, the sound of the bell tongue will be heard, and when the tide is flat, the thunder will sting; when the shapes of the peaks are misty, they may be Penglai. "

Folklore

Some people say that where there is water, there will be miracles. Among the many rivers in the world, Qiantang River is not big, but its miracle "August 18 tide, spectacular world without", makes Qiantang River famous all over the world.

According to the map, Haining City is just at the exit of Qiantang River, the junction of the sea and the river, and Yanguan ancient town is close to the Bank of Qiantang River, which is the best place to watch Haining tide. Su Shi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once called Yanguan "Guyi" in his poems, which shows the long history of Yanguan ancient city. As early as the end of the Han Dynasty, the salt officer was set as Haichang county. During the Three Kingdoms period, because the salt officer was here, Haichang county was changed into Yanguan county. The small ancient town is also famous for Haining tide.

Qiantang River before the tide, the vast river, clear,. There are two long white chains on the water surface of the vast Hangzhou Bay, slowly advancing westward, and the scene is extremely magnificent. In the whole world, only a few rivers such as Severn River in England and Amazon River in America have tidal bore phenomenon, but it is not as spectacular as Qiantang River. So why is Qiantang River the only one with such a spectacular tidal bore? For thousands of years, this problem also plagued the ancients. According to Shanhaijing, the waves were caused by "the first arrival of sea loach"; according to futushu, the tide of Qiantang River was caused by the change of sea dragon; according to Qiuyi Ji, Zixu suffered from hatred and drowning This kind of saying is the most popular among the people in Haining.

It is said that in the spring and Autumn period, Wu Zixu's father and brother were killed by King Ping of Chu, so he fled to Wu. Wu Zixu, a wise and brave man, was highly valued by Helu, the king of Wu. With the help of Wu Zixu, he destroyed the states of Chu and Yue. Wu Zixu also took revenge for killing his father and brother. Later, Prince Fucha ascended the throne, but he didn't read Wu Zixu's kindness at all. Instead, he listened to slander and gave Wu Zixu death. Before Wu Zixu died, he said to his son, "after I die, I will hang my eyes on the gate of the city. I will see with my own eyes the killing of the Yue army.". Then I will wrap my body in catfish skin and throw it into Qiantang River. I will come with the tide at dawn and dusk to see how Wu Kingdom perishes. Therefore, whenever the tide comes, it is the angry Wu Zixu who is carrying a white chariot and dancing a silver sword to drive the tide. August 18 is the birthday of Wu Zixu, the God of the tides, so the tides are the biggest on this day.

People's imagination is always full of heroism and romanticism. In reality, the tide is a real natural law. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Chong refuted these superstitions in Lun Heng, saying that "the rise and fall of the waves follow the rise and fall of the moon", indicating that the tides were caused by the moon.

Watch the tide from the ancient pagoda

Indeed, it takes 24 hours for the earth to rotate once a week. In these 24 hours, a certain point on the earth should face the moon once and back the moon once. Toward the moon, gravity increases and a high tide forms. Although the moon's gravity is small, the centrifugal force of the earth itself plays a role, causing the sea water to rise again, forming another high tide. On the first day of the Lunar New Year and the fifteenth day of the lunar new year, the sun and the moon are in the same line with the center of the earth. The sun's gravity and the moon's gravity are consistent, attracting the sea water together, thus forming two large tides Tide. In the mid autumn of August, the sun and moon are closest to the earth, and the tidal force is the largest, so the tide is very large. The highest tide occurred on August 18, which was due to the friction between the sea and the seabed, so that the tide generating force could not work immediately, and it would take two or three days to form the highest tide. However, the tidal effect has an impact on the estuaries of every river. Why did the Qiantang River form such a large tidal bore?

Ge Hong of Jin Dynasty realized the relationship between the topography of Hangzhou Bay and the tidal bore. It is considered that the topography is the decisive factor for the formation of tidal bore. However, there are also many trumpet shaped estuaries, which is only one of the reasons for the formation of tidal bore.

After the formation of Donghai tidal wave, in the process of transmitting to inland river, it came to Hangzhou Bay mouth, that is, Qiantang River mouth. In addition, because Qiantang River mouth is a trumpet shaped estuary, the whole distance from the bay mouth is more than 100 km, to the inland river is about 3 km. In other words, there is a process of energy accumulation in the process of tidal wave propagation. The second is the Qiantang river bed, which has a middle slope of the river bed, so there is such a sandbank. Therefore, in the process of tidal wave, the whole depth of the East China Sea is relatively deep. After reaching the Qiantang River Estuary, because of the existence of the sandbank, the whole depth of the Qiantang River becomes shallow, that is, the tidal wave deformation is relatively severe. These two factors cause a tidal bore of the Qiantang River .

Many factors mixed together to form this spectacular Haining tide. The change of the topography of Qiantang River makes the spectacular tide change in three different forms.

The shape of Qiantang River is the tide shape. Generally, there are three kinds of tides. One is the cross tide, one is the line tide, and the other is the turning back tide. Because there is a sandbank near the 20th section of Xiaoshan, which divides the tide into two tides, one is the East tide, and the other is the South tide. At the end of the sandbank, that is, near the big gap of Haining, two bifurcates The tide converges to form a cross tide. When the cross tide is over, it will continue to move forward, because both sides of the river bed contract, and then it comes to the vicinity of Yanguan. When the two tides come together, it will form a line of tide. Then it goes forward to the vicinity of laoyancang, because there is a very high nail dam left by the regulation process of the estuary on the other side of laoyancang, so the tide is spreading In the process of sowing, after encountering the nail dam, the reflection will converge with the tide coming up behind, and then a turning tide will be formed.

The great power of nature has created this breathtaking Haining tide, which makes the audience excited. For thousands of years, people have praised it, praised it, and also feared it. They have never stopped to conquer it.

One is that the water level changes greatly, and the other is that the water flow is very fast. The fastest time is about nine meters per second. It's amazing. Generally, a ton of things will go as soon as they are washed away. It's like a wall coming.

In front of it, we can see a 1.5-ton Zhenhai iron ox standing on the pond. It can directly knock it over and push it more than ten meters away. Imagine how much pressure this has.

In the face of such natural wonders, people are often intoxicated with it and ignore the harm that its huge energy may bring. In a spring tide in the 1980s, some tide watchers ignored the safety warning, crossed the warning line, or were engulfed by the spring tide, or rushed to the dam. The scene was very tragic. Of course, with the strengthening of security measures, this kind of thing will not happen again now, but the following video is enough to remind the world that we must improve the awareness of security and prevention in tide watching.

Historical evolution

At the same time, the impact on both sides of the Qianjiang River twice a day for thousands of years has also brought great disaster to people. In history, the dike of Qiantang River has been washed down repeatedly, and the fertile land has been flooded. People's lives and property are always threatened.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the salt Officer

Chinese PinYin : Zhan Ao Ta