Shixian Temple

Shixian Temple

Shixian temple is located in Leizhou West Lake Park, LeiCheng Town, Leizhou City, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. It commemorates Kou Zhun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Qin Guan, Li Gang, Zhao Ding, Li Yong, Wang yansuo, Hu Quan, Ren Boyu and other officials who were demoted to Leizhou or Qiong, and were praised as "Shixian" by Leizhou people.

Historical evolution

Shixian temple is located in Leizhou West Lake Park, LeiCheng Town, Leizhou City, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. It was founded in the 10th year of Xianchun of Song Dynasty. During the 150 years from Qianxing to Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty, ten famous ministers, such as Prime Minister Kou Zhun, bachelor Su Shi, Shi Lang Su Zhe, Zhengzi Qin Guan, privy Wang yansuo, Zhengyan Ren Boyu, Prime Minister Li Gang, Zhao Ding, Li Guang and editor Hu Quan, successively lived or passed Leizhou. They sympathize with the people, advocate education, and make contributions to the spread of Central Plains culture and promote the development of Leizhou culture and education. They are deeply loved by the people.

Yu Yinglong, a military officer of Leizhou in the Southern Song Dynasty, built "ten sages Temple" to show "respect for the virtuous as a teacher" and "hatred for evil as a foe". Wen Tianxiang, the famous prime minister, was friendly with Yu Yinglong. At Yu Yinglong's request, he wrote a record of Leizhou Shixian hall to record his affairs. In the first month of the ninth year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1804), Qin Ying, a military envoy, visited the temple and witnessed the ruins of the temple. He commissioned the magistrate zongshengyuan to rebuild it. He asked Yao Wentian, a scholar from Gui'an, Zhejiang Province, who was the number one scholar in the fourth year of Jiaqing, to write Wen Tianxiang's "Leizhou Shixian Tang Ji" and engrave it on the wall. Gate couplet: "Ten Mile Lake mountain thousand mile moon; sage trace sage heart." It was written by Li Shaoyi, the head of Ruiyuan Academy in Qing Dynasty. In the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Kun, the governor of central Guangdong Province, wrote the poem "Shixian hall", which said: "they are both banished officials at the end of the world, and Shixian hall is very sad. Where there is no grass in the setting sun, I regret that it is not the right time to meet early spring. "

Shixian temple was rebuilt in 1984. Ancestral hall facing south, two courtyard layout, covering an area of 400 square meters. The main hall has a width of 9 meters and a depth of 8 meters. It has a hard top with purlin beam. The roof ridge and the hanging ridge are all grey and plastic. The front eaves depict murals. The walls of the main hall are inlaid with the line drawing of "Shixian" carved marble. Dongxiangji's "ten sages" deeds are worthy of people's admiration.

Historical records

According to the exhibits in Shixian temple, Kou Zhun stayed in Leizhou for a long time, about 18 months, and died in Leizhou. He is upright and intelligent, honest and upright, and deeply loved by the people. Although he was only a low-level official in Leizhou, he still worked hard and loved the people. Several pictures in the "Kougong Temple" recorded his achievements in Leizhou: building Zhenwu hall, teaching and performing arts, so that the descendants of the villagers can read; teaching astronomy and geography, breaking the heresy; teaching advanced production technology, promoting economic development; spreading Central Plains culture, teaching Zhongzhou dialect to the local people, promoting the development of the economy The communication between the local people and the Central Plains has been improved. It is said that after Kou Zhun's death, Mrs. Kou got the imperial court's approval and sent the coffin back to Luoyang for burial. On the day of leaving, Leizhou people went out to escort the coffin. When the hearse team arrived at the first ferry, there was a lot of wind and rain, and the villagers were afraid that the coffin would be soaked in water, so they stuck bamboo sticks in their hands to protect the coffin. The next day, however, they saw that these bamboo sticks had taken root and sprouted, and became a forest, so the ferry was called "Kou Zhudu".

During his banishment, Su Shi stayed in Leizhou twice, one on the way of being banished, the other on the way back. He left a lot of well-known poems and valuable ink in Leizhou. The memorial archway of Wanning temple, which is known as one of the three ancient temples in Lingnan in Tang Dynasty, is the title of Su Shi. In contact with the villagers, Su Gong inadvertently became the disseminator of the advanced culture in the Central Plains, which played an important role in the development of local civilization. In addition, his generous and upright attitude has influenced the local people and played a role in educating and promoting the people's thoughts.

Li Gang was demoted to pass Leizhou and lived in Tianning Temple. He wrote more than 20 poems to express his deep patriotism. His integrity is even more respected by the local people Although the "ten sages" have passed away, the ink fragrance and righteousness left by them have become stronger after hundreds of years of wind and rain, shaping the Leizhou people's character of "hatred for evil and respect for the virtuous as a teacher".

Famous people

Kou Zhun (961-1023), a native of Western Shaanxi, was a famous politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was the Prime Minister of Zhenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, he advocated that Zhenzong personally fought against Liao Dynasty and made outstanding achievements in the battle of Chanyuan. He was upright and upright. He was polite and virtuous. He didn't follow the example of others and dared to speak out. So he was excluded and framed. He was dismissed twice, and later demoted to Leizhou Si Hu to join the army. When he was in Leizhou, he guided the local residents to learn Zhongzhou dialect, taught agricultural technology, built water conservancy projects, opened canals to irrigate good farmland, explained astronomy and geography to the masses, and tried to avoid heresy. At the same time, he also built Zhenwu hall, accepted apprentices to study literature and art, and spread the culture of Central Plains, which played a role in promoting the development of Leizhou civilization.

Li Gang (1083-1140), born in Shaowu, Fujian Province, was a famous politician and the first Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty. During his term as prime minister, he strongly advocated resisting the Jin Dynasty and opposed the negotiation of peace.

In the third year of song Jianyan (1129 AD), Li Gang, the prime minister, was demoted to Hainan. He passed through Leizhou, Guangdong Province. At the invitation of Shi Cong, the then elder of Lingyan temple in Huguangyan (both Fujian compatriots and students in the capital), he visited Huguangyan in Suixi County, Leizhou Prefecture. Drinking with monk Yuexia is the way of the world. At night, the moon is clear, and the moonlight is all over the lake. The light of the lake is reflected on the wall. Li Gang can't help but write "Huguangyan" on the spot and then engrave it on the dolomite. "Baiyun Buddhist nunnery" has been popular for a long time. It was renamed "Lengyan Temple" in the Qing Dynasty, and "Lengyan" was taken from "Lengyan Sutra", which has remained unchanged up to now.

When passing Leizhou, he once lived in Tianning Temple. During his stay in Leizhou, he wrote more than 20 poems, and left some articles, such as "Tianning Temple title" and "articles on sacrificing to Lei Temple", which are treasures of Leizhou culture.

Su Shi (1037-1101) was born in Meishan County, Sichuan Province. He is a writer, painter and calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty. Because of the internal struggle of the ruling group, he was demoted again and again. Although it was a short time to demote to Leizhou in the south, it left behind rich and brilliant documents, and its literary style and integrity contributed to the civilization of Leizhou. When he returned to Leizhou, he paid a visit to Fubo temple and wrote the record of Fubo temple, which was often read by later generations.

Su Zhe (1039-1112) was born in Meishan County, Sichuan Province. He was a famous litterateur in the Northern Song Dynasty and a Jinshi in the reign of emperor Jiazhen. He was demoted to Leizhou because he wrote against the current politics. Reading and writing in Leizhou, he left many excellent works. During his stay in Leizhou, he loved the landscape and people of Leizhou. Lei Min appreciated the virtue of Su Shi and Su Zhe brothers, so he built a small building for them to study in summer.

Tang Xianzu (1550-1616), a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi Province, was an outstanding dramatist and litterateur in the Ming Dynasty. He was known as "Shakespeare of the East" and was an official doctor of Taichang temple in Nanjing. He was upright in nature and was demoted as an annotated history of Xuwen County. During his term of office, Xu Wen and Xiong min, the county magistrate, donated money to establish Guisheng Academy. They wrote a number of poems such as Guisheng academy and Mingfu Shuo. With the purpose of "gentlemen learn Taoism and love others", they advocated that "the nature of heaven and earth is precious", which played a great role in the social education at that time. Respecting teachers and valuing education became a common practice in Xu Wen.

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