Qiantangzhizhai museum

Qiantang zhizhai Museum

synonym

Qiantang zhizhai generally refers to Qiantang zhizhai Museum

Qiantang zhizhai museum is located in the northwest corner of tiemen Town, Xin'an County, Luoyang. It was built by Mr. Zhang Fang, a veteran of the 1911 Revolution. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit, a national AAAA tourist attraction, a national second-class Museum, and the only epitaph Museum in China. It is famous for collecting more than 1400 stone carvings of Tang Dynasty and past dynasties. Zhang Binglin once used the ancient seal script as the title of Qiantang zhizhai . Qiantang zhizhai is a treasure house of historical materials for studying the literary and martial arts and calligraphy art of the Tang Dynasty for three hundred years. Because of its rich connotation, Qiantang zhizhai is known as "stone Tang calligraphy", "Tang calligraphy evolution history" and so on.

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Qiantang zhizhai, the only Museum of epitaphs in China, is located in the northwest corner of tiemen town. This is the hometown of Mr. Zhang Fang, a famous patriot and Democrat and the veteran of the 1911 Revolution. In the early 1920's, Mr. Zhang Fang lived in seclusion in tiemen. His garden covers an area of 100 mu. Kang Youwei visited Shaanxi and Henan, and was invited by Zhang Fang to the garden to talk about calligraphy and painting, write poems to express his feelings, and title "zhelu". Qiantang zhizhai Museum in Xin'an County is a part of the garden "zhelu" run by the late Kuomintang uprising General Mr. Zhang Fang. It is one of the concentration places of existing Chinese epitaph stone carvings. It is famous for collecting more than 1400 epitaph stone carvings from the Western Jin Dynasty and the Wei Dynasty. Among them, Tang Zhi is the most abundant, with 1191 records. Zhang Binglin once used the ancient seal script as the title of Qiantang zhizhai, with a postscript at the end: "Zhang Boying in Xin'an got a thousand epitaphs of the Tang Dynasty. Because of his name Zhai, it belongs to Zhang Binglin's script." This is the origin of Zhai's name. When you walk out of the path of history and walk on the gravel road with the shadow of bamboo trees and the fragrance of birds and flowers, you may feel like entering the Zen realm. The strong cultural connotation here endows the garden with endless charm. If you approach the century old stone house opposite to the bamboo forest, you will see its old and eight big words on the front: "who is not a passer-by, the flower is the master." When you recite it gently, it's cold and desolate. Passers-by and flowers, swish sword Qi and light fragrance, pass by in your heart. When you look back at the full wall sword Qi and light fragrance, pass by in your heart. If you look back at the wall full of stones and insects, you will suddenly realize the Buddha's charity and serenity.

Exhibition hall setting

According to the cataloguing Records issued by Shanghai Xiling printing society in 1935, there are 1578 pieces of stone collected in Qiantang zhizhai, which were lost after the chaos. There are 1419 pieces of stone collected today, including 1191 in Tang Dynasty, 1 in Western Jin Dynasty, 2 in Northern Wei Dynasty, 2 in Sui Dynasty, 22 in Five Dynasties, 88 in Song Dynasty, 30 in Ming Dynasty, 1 in Yuan Dynasty, 2 in Qing Dynasty and 7 in Republic of China. In addition, there are 19 epitaph covers, 54 other kinds of statues, scriptures, steles, calligraphy and painting stone carvings. There are more than 2000 pieces in the collection. Mr. Zhang Fang is a great master of Chinese epitaphs. He has collected nearly 3000 pieces of Tang chronicles, most of which are Tang chronicle stones. The Tang chronicles in Qiantang zhizhai account for almost one third of the Tang chronicles unearthed in China, which is the most concentrated place for collecting Tang epitaphs in China.

Epitaph is a kind of square stone tablet which records the lineage, life story, spouse and children of the dead, the time and place of death and the words of mourning and praising the dead. It is called epitaph because it is buried in the tomb. The epitaph began in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and flourished in the Northern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuoba's family came to power in the Central Plains. Emperor Xiaowen issued an imperial edict that he should not return his death and was buried on the spot, which was the main reason for the epitaph. In the Tang Dynasty, it was popular for a time, and then it was inherited from generation to generation, so there were many tombs in Beimang.

From Wude and Zhenguan to the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the chronicles of the Tang Dynasty collected in Qiantang zhizhai are all available. There are many identities of Zhizhu, such as the prime minister's Taiwei, the emperor's relatives and relatives, the government officials and the governor of the governor, the celebrities and the master of Zhenguan cave, the Jun Jun's wife and the talented women of gong'e. The circuitous life of these figures shows the literary and martial arts of the three hundred years of the Tang Dynasty and all kinds of social situations, which can prove history, correct history and supplement history. In fact, Qiantang zhizhai is a stone carved book of the Tang Dynasty, or can be regarded as the archives of the Tang Dynasty. Its value for the study of the history of the Tang Dynasty is very precious.

The calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty is excellent, and the calligraphy of the common people is very impressive. Epitaphs are intended to be handed down from generation to generation, so they are mostly written by famous writers, whose value in style and calligraphy can not be ignored. The calligraphy of QianTangZhiZhai Tangzhi has a wide range of styles, such as elegant, elegant, elegant, elegant and beautiful characters. All of them show the beauty of calligraphy. They stay in the patio kiln room full of Zhishi, just like being in a dazzling art scene. There are many famous calligraphers and schools in Tang Dynasty, whose origins can be found here. Qiantang zhizhai can also be called a history of calligraphy evolution in Tang Dynasty. Mr. Zhang Fang collected inscriptions, inscriptions and stone carvings. He also collected paintings and calligraphy of famous people in his life and ordered him to carve stones. He kept them in his room for appreciation. There are couplets written by song MiFu in cave No.15 where calligraphy and painting stone carvings are stored in xianzhai secondary school. There are also couplets and banners written by Zhang Taiyan, Li Genyuan, Dai Chuanxian and Jin Zhi in the Qing Dynasty. In the chamber of No. 11 kiln, there is a long cursive volume of "Treatise on classical literature" written by Dong Qichang of Ming Dynasty, as well as a long preface to birthday stone inscription written by Jiang Zhongzheng, official script of he Yaozu, and signed by many senior officials of the Kuomintang and social leaders to celebrate the 70th birthday of Mrs. Wang Tai, Zhang Fang's mother. The epitaph of Zhang Ziwen, the father of Zhang Fang, is also embedded in the same room. It is a rare and excellent composition written by Zhang Taiyan, Yu Youren's calligraphy Dan and Wu Changshuo's seal seal seal seal. All these reflect their different styles of calligraphy, which makes people linger on.

The stone carvings of paintings collected in Zhaizhong are all rare treasures. In room 11, there are Buddhist stories of the Han Dynasty, in room 15, there are relief carvings of Emperor Hanwu's dream scenes, screen fans of the style of Zheng Banqiao, one of the eight monsters in Yangzhou, and single stone carvings called "Xing" bamboo. In the west wall of the third courtyard, Emperor Guangxu introduced Guan Wang chunqian's painting of orchids It's lifelike. Others, such as Buddhist statues and Buddhist scriptures in Sui and Tang Dynasties, are of high artistic value. Qiantang zhizhai is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Now Luoyang is a window of opening to the outside world and an important cultural relic spot on the Central Plains tourism line.

Development history

45 kilometers west of Luoyang, the ancient capital of the thirteen dynasties, there is a place with beautiful scenery - tiemen town. It has a history of thousands of years. It is called "Dangguan Luokong" by Zhang Taiyan. Here, Qinglong and Fenghuang mountains face each other, and a stream flows eastward. It is known as the west gate of Luoyang.

Zhang Fang, whose name is Boying, is old man Youshi. He graduated from Baoding army rapid school in the late Qing Dynasty. He was one of the main instigators of the new army uprising in Shaanxi during the revolution of 1911. When Sun Yat Sen launched the movement to protect the law, Zhang served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Yasukuni army. In the 1930s, he successively served as commander in chief of the 20th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, acting chairman of Henan provincial government, director of civil affairs and construction department, etc.

Zhang Fang loved calligraphy and painting of gold and stone, and had close contacts with Yu Youren, Zhang Binglin, Kang Youwei and Wang Guangqing. Under their influence, especially with the encouragement of Yu Ren, Zhang began to collect epitaphs and stone carvings in 1931. Around 1933, in the west corner of zhelu, most of the stone from luozhi was inlaid in the 15 hole cave, three patios and the inner and outer walls of a corridor. In addition to donating hundreds of pieces to Shaanxi Museum during the Anti Japanese War, the non inlaid part of the museum was lost after many changes. According to the catalogue of stones collected in Qiantang zhizhai, which was published by Shanghai Xiliang printing society in 1935, there are 1578 pieces in total. At present, there are 1419 kinds of stone collections in the Zhai, including 1 record of the Western Jin Dynasty, 2 records of the Northern Wei Dynasty, 2 records of the Sui Dynasty, 1191 records of the Tang Dynasty, 22 records of the Five Dynasties, 88 records of the Song Dynasty, 1 record of the yuan Dynasty, 30 records of the Ming Dynasty, 2 records of the Qing Dynasty and 7 records of the Republic of China. In addition, there are 19 epitaph covers and 54 other kinds of calligraphy, painting, statues, scriptures and steles.

These records were collected by Zhang Fang from all over the country, mainly in Luoyang. Luoyang, known as the ancient capital of the nine dynasties, is a place full of talents. Mang Mountain in the north of the city stretches for more than 100 kilometers from east to west. It is majestic and far away, with thick soil and low water. It is suitable for funeral. Therefore, all the dignitaries and rich families in the past believed that Mang Mountain was a treasure land of geomantic omen. Even those who were far away from the north of the Yangtze River told their descendants to bury it thousands of miles away. Therefore, there is a popular saying that "he was born in Suzhou and Hangzhou and buried in Beimang", so that "there is little idle land on the top of Beimang mountain, which is full of old tombs of Luoyang people" (see Wang Jian's "journey to Beimang").

The records of the Tang Dynasty collected by Qiantang zhizhai include Wude and Zhenguan, which lasted from the heyday of the Tang Dynasty to the middle of the Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty, including Wu Zetian's Gaiyuan and an Lushan's blasphemy. The Zhizhu's identities include the prime minister Taiwei, the emperor's relatives, the vassal officials, the prefect of the governor, the humble Wei Mochen Cao, the celebrities who travel in the garden, the temple cave master who is ignorant of Zen, and the locked in the inner palace

Chinese PinYin : Qian Tang Zhi Zhai