Fish pond flying beam

Fish pond flying beam

The fish pond flying beam is located in front of the Jinci Notre Dame hall at the foot of xuanweng mountain, 40 miles southwest of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. It is an exquisite ancient bridge building of lotus leaf fish pond. Built in the Northern Song Dynasty together with Notre Dame hall, it has a history of more than 1500 years. The whole beam frame is a relic of the Song Dynasty. This kind of cross shaped bridge is also an isolated example of the existing ancient bridges in China. It is the first batch of national first-class cultural relics announced by the State Council. It is surrounded by a fence. The ancients took the round as the pool and the square as the marsh. Because the marsh is the second largest source of Jinshui, the flow is very large and there are a lot of swimming fish, so it is named fish marsh. There are thirty-four small octagonal stone columns in the marsh. The top of the column is supported by a bucket arch and a tie beam, supporting the cross shaped bridge deck, which is the flying beam. Huiquan in front of the hall is a square fish pond, and a cross shaped bridge serves as a platform in front of the hall.

Construction history

The cross shaped bridge, the fish pond flyover, is the earliest land and water overpass,

Located in front of the Notre Dame Hall of Jinci temple in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, it is an exquisite square lotus leaf fish pond ancient bridge building. This kind of cross shaped bridge is also an isolated example of the existing ancient bridges in China, which can be relied on by the fence around. Huiquan in front of the hall is a square fish pond, and a cross shaped bridge serves as a platform in front of the hall. Jinci temple, located about 15 kilometers southwest of Taiyuan City, was built during the Northern Wei Dynasty (384-534 A.D.) for Shu Yu (second son of King Wu of Zhou Dynasty), the ancestor of Jin State. During the reconstruction in the Tiansheng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1023-1032 A.D.), the grand Notre Dame hall was built in order to make Shuyu king of Fendong and honor his mother. At the same time, the stone spring pool was built by using the spring water in front of the hall.

Li Daoyuan, a scholar of the Northern Wei Dynasty, wrote in his notes to the water classic about the fish marsh and flying beam in Jinci temple that he "sleeps the water between the mountains, has Tang Shuyu temple, has a cool hall beside the water, and knots the flying beam on the water". According to the research of experts, 34 stone columns and their foundations still retain the style of the Northern Dynasty, while other parts have the architectural features of the Song Dynasty. From this we can see that the cross bridge, which has been praised by people, was completed in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and has a history of at least 1500 years. Among the ancient bridges in our country, this kind of cross shaped bridge with peculiar shape and beautiful shape is only a physical remains of Jinci "fish pond flying beam". Even if we look at the world, it is also the only complete and earliest ancient cross shaped bridge. No wonder Mr. Liang Sicheng, an architect, said with admiration: "this type of stone column bridge is occasionally seen in ancient paintings, and the real object is only an isolated example, which is valuable.

introduce

Stone

The ancients took a round pool and a square pool as a marsh. There were many fish in this square pool, so it was named as a fish marsh. As for the so-called "Feiliang", it is the second source of Jinshui according to the saying of "bridge is the seat, Ruofei" and "Feiliang Shideng, Mausoleum crosses watercourse". There are thirty-four small octagonal stone columns about 30 cm square in the marsh. The column head is rolled and killed. The top of the column is supported by a bucket arch and a crossbeam, supporting the cross shaped bridge deck Dou, Dou is the intersection of the cross, is to undertake the beam, the amount), is flying beam.

Base pillar

But the stone bridge also has its shortcomings, that is, the Dougong beam and brace components in the environment of water and gas are partially corroded and flexed, which indirectly causes the cracks of the stone railings, and the bridge deck stone joints seep in rainy days. It should be strengthened with traditional and today's suitable high-tech materials.

Structural modeling

The bridge deck is in a cross shape, 19.6 meters long from east to west and 5 meters wide, 1.3 meters above the ground. It is connected with Xiandian and Notre Dame hall in front and back. The North-South bridge deck is 19.5 meters long and 3.8 meters wide, and it is inclined down to the marsh bank. Because the bridge deck is wide from east to west, inclined from north to South as wings, and flat with the ground, the whole shape is like a big bird to fly, so it is called Flying beam. Feiliang existed in the Northern Wei Dynasty. There is a record in Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu in the Northern Wei Dynasty that "there is a water pillow between the mountains, a Tang Shuyu temple, a cool hall beside the water, and a Feiliang on the water". However, in ancient Chinese bridges, there is only one physical remains. Mr. Liang Sicheng said: "this type of stone column bridge is occasionally seen in ancient paintings, but the real object is only an isolated example, which is valuable."

There used to be a pair of stone crouching lions on the East and west sides of the north and south bridge decks of Feiliang, but now there are only two in the northeast and Southeast. They are lively and playful with the lion cubs, as if they were relics of the same time as Feiliang.

Technical achievements

Fish marsh flying beam is a rare form of cross bridge in China. In the square marsh, there are 34 stone bridge columns, wooden Dougong and beam Fang on the column head, bearing stone bridge slab and stone railings. The stone bridge surface is high in the middle and low in the two sides. The wooden Dougong and beam Fang change the thrust transmission direction of the stone bridge surface, so that the weight is transmitted to the bridge column vertically. The distance between the bridge columns from the angle of beam Fang load distribution is different. The bridge makes full use of the advantages of materials in three environments, such as stone column water corrosion resistance, wood toughness and plasticity, stone bridge plate wear resistance and fire prevention, so as to achieve the effect of strong, beautiful and durable bridge.

World evaluation

It is said to be known as "the oldest overpass in the world"

Protection Essentials

But the stone bridge also has its shortcomings, that is, the Dougong beam and brace components in the environment of water and gas are partially corroded and flexed, which indirectly causes the cracks of the stone railings, and the bridge deck stone joints seep in rainy days. It should be strengthened with traditional and today's suitable high-tech materials.

Media exposure

Taiyuan Jinci fish marsh flying beam, the world's first land and water "Overpass"!

Address: in front of Notre Dame hall in Jinci park at the foot of xuanweng mountain, provincial road 039 (Jinci Road), Jinyuan District, Taiyuan City

Longitude: 112.44752

Latitude: 37.707751

Ticket information: no ticket required. Included in the ticket of Jinci scenic spot

Chinese PinYin : Yu Zhao Fei Liang