Pukui Muslim Temple

Bukui Qingzhen temple is a relatively complete preserved building in the old city more than 300 years ago. It is the largest and oldest Islamic religious building with Chinese characteristics in Heilongjiang Province. It is also a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level.

Pukui Muslim Temple

Bukui mosque, built in 1684, is located at No. 1, Li Li Hutong, Jianhua District, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province.

Bukui mosque covers an area of nearly 8000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 2000 square meters. It is composed of East and west districts. The East and west temples are similar in layout, both of which are palace style brick and wood structures. East Temple Hall covers an area of 374 square meters, West Temple Hall covers an area of 173 square meters, a total of 450 people can accommodate worship. Bukui mosque belongs to the style of mosque in Qing Dynasty. The painting, wood carving and brick carving works in the courtyard constitute the architectural decoration art of mosque from the distribution, shape, content and other aspects.

On May 25, 2006, "bukui mosque" was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Historical evolution

In the 23rd year of Kangxi reign of Qing Dynasty (1684), the Muslim "Gedimu" sect of Islam built the East Temple of bukui mosque.

During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (1796-1819), bukui mosque rebuilt its main hall.

In the second year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1852), Islam "zhehlinye" sent Muslims to build the West Temple of bukui mosque.

In 1894, the West Temple of Kui mosque was rebuilt.

In 1905, the bukui mosque became the first social organization in Heilongjiang Province to assist students. The Emperor Guangxu granted the temple a plaque of "justice".

In the 1980s, Qiqihar Municipal government invested to repair the remaining buildings of the two temples, which were renamed Dongbai hall and Xibai hall, collectively known as "bukui mosque".

In the 1990s, Qiqihar Municipal government created another women's temple, which was later incorporated into bukui mosque.

Architectural features

structure

overview

Bukui mosque covers an area of nearly 8000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 2000 square meters. It is composed of East and west districts. The East and west temples are similar in layout, both of which are palace style brick and wood structures. East Temple Hall covers an area of 374 square meters, West Temple Hall covers an area of 173 square meters, a total of 450 people can accommodate worship.

 

Toji

The gate of the inner East Temple of bukui mosque is a three Bay hard mountain style. In the west of the courtyard are the main hall of the East Temple and the kiln hall, and in the East are the opposite halls. The plan of the hall is in the shape of "convex". The roof adopts the structure of "connecting with a building". In front of the hall is a rolling shed veranda, which is lifted by six red pillars. A horizontal plaque is hung above the main door, which reads "Tai Si Mi (praise subject)". There is also a plaque on the left side of the horizontal plaque, which is inscribed with the four words of "urgent justice and good justice". The kiln hall is a three story tower building with double eaves. From the first floor to the third floor, there are niches (i.e. miharab), brick carvings engraved with patterns and the name of Islamic God. The brick plaque "Tianfang Jiejing" connects the kiln hall with the main hall of the East Temple, and the internal space is common. The hall opposite the East Temple is a hard mountain building with three bays and eaves. In addition, the East Temple also has some ancillary buildings such as hall and bathroom.

West Temple

The gate of neixi temple in bukui mosque is a traditional "Mountain Gate style". The central gate tower is a hard Hill style tile roof. The left and right gate towers are shorter than the main gate tower, and they are in the form of wall opening. The three gate towers are connected by green brick walls. The internal structure of the West Temple is the main hall and kiln, and the East is the opposite hall. The front veranda of the rolling shed Xieshan style hall, the main hall of the hard mountain style and the kiln Hall of the Xieshan style with double eaves (generally used to call the Xisi kiln hall "houyao hall") are connected with each other, and the roof is undulating. Xisiyao hall has two floors. On the brick lotus pedestal on the top of the tower, there is a hexagonal shape with a height of 1 meter and a diameter of 0.5 meter, with a semicircle in the middle and a bowl in the bottom.

Women's temple

The women's temple is located in the East Temple, with independent residence and bathroom. When worshiping, it is necessary to separate female Muslims from male Muslims with cloth in the main hall. The eastern and Western monasteries are equipped with the dean's room, lecture room and other institutions. The office of the Islamic Association is arranged in the West Temple.

 

characteristic

Bukui mosque belongs to the style of mosque in Qing Dynasty. The painting, wood carving and brick carving works in the courtyard constitute the architectural decoration art of mosque from the distribution, shape, content and other aspects.

 

Cultural relics

Color painting

In bukui mosque, the architectural components of the East Temple gate, such as the column head, e Fang and queti under Fang, are painted with color. The column head, e Fang, queti and Dougong of the veranda in front of the main hall in the East Temple, the column head and e Fang of the main hall, and the ridge Fang, golden Fang and crossbeam inside the main hall are also covered with color paintings. The gate and Hall of the West Temple are also covered with many colored paintings, but the overall number is not as large as that of the East Temple. The content of color painting mainly includes Arabic calligraphy, flower patterns and geometric figures. There are many kinds of colors in the color of turquoise, which may have something to do with the tradition of emphasizing blue in Islamic culture. More Turquoise makes the color paintings here feel cool and bright.

 

Wood carving

In the bukui mosque, wood carvings are mainly distributed in the doors and windows of the two temples, and the queti under the forehead Fang belongs to wood carvings. Between the main entrance of the main hall is a row of 20 loose leaf wooden doors. On the wooden doors are carved with flowers and plants of the four seasons, peaches, plums, apricots, oranges and other fruits in the form of relief, as well as traditional music, chess, calligraphy and painting. The wood carving knife is crisp. Queti mostly uses the pattern of rolled grass.

 

Brick carving

A large number of brick carvings are distributed in the eaves, ridges, North and South gables and tower shaped kilns of bukui mosque. There are five main types of brick carvings: animals, plants, utensils, calligraphy and geometric figures. In addition to the traditional decorative components such as dragon kiss, ridge beast and animal, the brick carvings with animal theme are mostly distributed on the long head of the East and west temples. These brick carvings generally use auspicious patterns in traditional culture, such as crane, dragon, bat, lion and other auspicious animals. The long head of the East Temple is carved with a bat with a coin on the top and a unicorn and a dragon on the bottom. Brick carvings with plant themes are mainly distributed on the north and South gables of the East and West halls and on the facades of the East and West kilns. The specific patterns include rolled grass pattern, grape pattern, plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum pattern, peony pattern, pine pattern, bonsai pattern, and some plant patterns that are difficult to identify.

 

Research value

Bukui mosque has a unique architectural structure. It is a relatively complete preserved temple in Heilongjiang Province. It is a brick and wood building with national characteristics. The main hall (Hall of worship) and kiln Hall of the East Temple are integrated with Islamic and Chinese classical architectural styles, which is of great value to the study of Islamic religious history and architectural art.

 

 

protective measures

In 1981, bukui mosque was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Heilongjiang Province.

 

In May 2007, bukui mosque was rated as "ten best tourist attractions in Hecheng" by Qiqihar Municipal Party committee and government.

 

On May 25, 2006, "bukui mosque" was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

 

History and culture

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, in order to fight against the invasion of tsarist Russia, according to Emperor Kangxi's edict, the battle base was set up in Qiqihar, bukui post station was set up near the horse temple, and Qiqihar city was built. When the city was built by the Hui people who came from Shandong and Hebei to defend the border, several huts were built, which was the original bukui mosque After the temple, there is the saying of "bukui city".

 

Tourism information

address

Bukui mosque is located at No.1, Li Li Hutong, Jianhua District, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province.

admission ticket

Muslims are free, non Muslims need to buy tickets 6 yuan.

Opening Hours

8：00-16：00

traffic

Take Qiqihar bus No.10, 101, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, get off at 200 shop station, enter bukui street, and then turn into Deshou Hutong.

Address: No.38, Qingzhen Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar City

Longitude: 123.95076251269

Latitude: 47.350601405622

Tour time: 2 hours

Traffic information: Bus:

Take bus No. 10, 101, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, get off at 200 shop station, enter bukui street, and then turn into Deshou Hutong

Ticket information: Muslim free, non muslim tickets to buy 6 yuan.

Opening hours: 8:00-16:00

Chinese PinYin : Bo Kui Qing Zhen Si