Tomb of General Zhang Zizhong

Tomb of General Zhang Zizhong

General Zhang Zizhong's tomb is located at the foot of Meihua Mountain on the side of Beibei Qingmuguan highway in Chongqing. Meihua Mountain, formerly known as Yutai mountain, faces north in the south. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north. It is rectangular along the slope. The tomb is 2.64 meters high and 21 meters long. The cemetery covers an area of 3267 square meters.

On May 16, 1940, general Zhang Zizhong was killed in the Anti Japanese war in pumpkin shop, Yicheng County, Hubei Province. On November 16, 1940, general Feng Yuxiang was buried here. On June 18, 1942, general Feng Yuxiang inscribed the name of the mountain, engraved stones in front of the tomb, and planted plum blossom trees in front of the tomb. The meaning is to change the name of Yutai mountain to plum blossom mountain and write the three characters of "plum blossom mountain" in his own handwriting.

In 1991, the tomb of General Zhang Zizhong was named the national revolutionary martyrs cemetery by the State Council. On October 7, 2019, the tomb of General Zhang Zizhong was selected into the list of the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical evolution

On May 16, 1940, Zhang Zizhong died in the battle of Zaoyi.

In May 1940, the Chinese army sent people to find the body of General Zhang and transport it to Chongqing. On the way to Yichang, 100000 soldiers and civilians sent the coffin to the river bank. During this time, Japanese planes flew over Yichang Three times, but none of the people who held the memorial ceremony retreated. The Japanese plane circled away without a single shot.

On May 28, 1940, Zhang Zizhong's coffin arrived in Chongqing. Chongqing people poured out to welcome the coffin. Chiang Kai Shek, armed with a black veil, went on board to welcome the coffin.

On July 7, 1940, the national government announced the news of Zhang Zizhong's martyrdom.

On August 15, 1940, more than 1000 people from all walks of life in Yan'an, Northern Shaanxi, held a grand memorial meeting for general Zhang Zizhong in the central auditorium. The memorial service was presided over by commander in chief Zhu De. Chairman Mao Zedong delivered the elegy of "serving the country faithfully". These four words are synonymous with "loyalty to serve the country" on Yue Fei's back. Maybe it's a historical coincidence that Japan surrendered five years later!

On November 16, 1940, the remains of General Zhang Zhong were transported to Chongqing, then by water to Beibei and buried at the foot of Yutai mountain.

On June 18, 1942, general Feng Yuxiang sacrificed his country in meihualing, Yangzhou, using the historical method. He changed his name to Meihuashan. He carved stones and planted plum trees in front of the tomb to comfort his loyal soul.

Architectural features

The tomb of General Zhang Zizhong is located at the foot of Meihua Mountain in Beibei District of Chongqing. The gray brick Yong road leads to Meihua Mountain, where Zhang Zizhong's cemetery is located. The pines and cypresses planted on the roadside are carefully trimmed like swords, pointing straight to the sky. The tomb of General Zhang Zizhong is a semicircular arc, facing north and south. The tomb is bordered with strips of stone and arched with bluestone. The tomb is 2.64 meters high and 21 meters long. In front of it is a stele written by Feng Yuxiang "the tomb of General Zhang Zizhong". In the middle of the entrance and exit on both sides, there are three official script stone inscriptions of general Feng Yuxiang "plum blossom mountain" (plum blossom mountain was originally named Yutai mountain, so the stele was renamed plum blossom mountain). Each character is 1 meter square. There are stone gate pillars and iron gate in front of the front. There are four stone steps into the iron gate, and then there are 34 new stone steps below. On both sides are green areas for planting trees and flowers.

Cultural relics

statue

On July 7, 1940, the national government announced the news of Zhang Zizhong's martyrdom. On August 15 of the same year, all walks of life in Yan'an, Northern Shaanxi, held a grand memorial meeting for general Zhang Zizhong in the central auditorium. The memorial service was officiated by commander in chief Zhu De, and Chairman Mao delivered the elegy of "serving the country faithfully".

Epitaph

On the right side of Zhang Zizhong's graveyard is the tomb list written by Zhang Ziming, Zhang Zizhong's younger brother. It is in regular script with 316 characters in total.

Cultural relics protection

In 1991, the tomb of General Zhang Zizhong was named the national revolutionary martyrs cemetery by the State Council.

On October 7, 2019, the tomb of General Zhang Zizhong was selected into the list of the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

History and culture

Plum blossom mountain

In Beibei, Chongqing, there is a Qingbei highway at the foot of Jinyun Mountain. To the west of the road is Southwest University, and to the east of the road is a small hill called Meihua Mountain. There is no plum blossom on plum blossom mountain, there is only one tomb.

Plum blossom mountain, where General Zhang Zizhong's tomb is located. The original name of Meihua Mountain was Yutai mountain. After general Zhang Zizhong was buried in the state, Feng Yuxiang planted Meihua everywhere. Taking advantage of history, he changed the name of Yutai mountain to Meihua Mountain. And personally wrote down "plum blossom mountain" three characters.

Profile

General Zhang Zizhong was born in Linqing County, Shandong Province in 1892. After graduating from middle school, he first studied in Jinan and Tianjin law and politics colleges. He hated the partition of China by the great powers and set up his ambition to save the country. He joined the army in 1914 and participated in the National Army uprising and the northern expedition. In 1931, the Japanese aggressors made the "September 18th Incident" in Shenyang. The Kuomintang authorities wronged and begged for peace, which led to the withdrawal of the Northeast fan and the danger of Pingjin. General Zhang was then the commander of the 38th division of the 29th army and stationed in North China. When the invaders attacked the Great Wall on that day, although general Zhang was in a very dangerous situation, he still took the initiative to attack in the face of danger. He fought bloody battles for seven days and nights, annihilated two infantry regiments and a cavalry brigade, and captured dozens of tanks. This is the xifengkou campaign which shocked China and foreign countries in the Anti Japanese war in North China before the July 7th incident.

After the Lugouqiao Incident, general Zhang served as the commander of the 59th army and led his troops to the front line of resistance against Japan. In the first battle, he was defeated in Feishui. Later, he defeated banyuan division, the most elite Japanese invader in Linyi. In 1938, during the battle of Xuzhou in April and Wuhan in September, general Zhang led his troops to complete the task of annihilating the enemy and was promoted to commander in chief of the 33rd group army and commander in chief of the right wing corps of the fifth theater. In April 1940, the Japanese sent more than 100000 troops to attack Xiangyang and Nanyang. General Zhang met the enemy and the main force was Fang Jiaji. On May 16, the Japanese captured general Zhang's headquarters in a tight encirclement. General Zhang led his troops to fight a bloody battle. At noon, general Zhang was shot in his left arm and continued to command the battle. At 4 p.m., general Zhang was shot several times by machine gun in his waist and abdomen. On his deathbed, general Zhang told you, "if I die in battle, I will be worthy of the nation, nation and individual.". General Zhang died in Yicheng pumpkin shop, Yifan, when he was 50 years old. After his body was transported back to Chongqing, his capital, he was buried in Meihua Mountain, Beibei on May 28. The national government posthumously conferred Zhang Zizhong as general of the army. The Communist Party of China highly praised General Zhang's great achievements and held a grand memorial meeting in Yan'an.

In the Memoirs of the Japanese army, the tragic scene of General Zhang Zizhong's battle to the end is recorded in detail: "he (Fujioka) rushed to the big officer like the top commander of the enemy with a bayonet. This man suddenly stood up from the pool of blood, his eyes fixed on Fujioka, Fujioka from his eyes, feel a kind of unspeakable dignity, unexpectedly involuntarily Leng in the same place. At this time, there was a gunshot in the back. A bullet from Tangye, the commander of the third Squadron, hit the officer in the head. He had a sad expression on his face. At the same time, Fujioka seems to be awakened by the sound of gunfire, but also ruthlessly to the whole body, lift the bayonet, to the other party's tall body deeply. Under the stab, the tall body collapsed like a mountain The Japanese army also showed unprecedented respect for this worthy general. After confirming the status of general Zhang Zi-zhong, the Japanese army gave * * a short cheer. Then the whole army took off their hat and salute, and took care of the body of General Zhang, and buried it on a hillside. He wrote: "the tomb of the general of Zhang Zi-zhong." When the death squads came to rob Zhang Zizhong's body, the Japanese army also stopped the air raid to avoid damaging the general's body. Before his death, Zhang Zizhong said, "I live and die in my country, and I die and live in my country.".

cemetery of martyrs

There is a martyr's Cemetery near General Zhang Zizhong's tomb. The martyr's cemetery is the first batch of key martyr building protection units in China and a national patriotism education base.

To commemorate General Zhang Zizhong's heroic fight against the Japanese army in the Anti Japanese War and his martyrdom in the pumpkin shop in Yicheng, Hubei Province, the cemetery covers an area of 25 mu, which is composed of the original tomb area, the green area, the viewing area, the memorial square, the bronze statue of Zhang Zizhong and the Anti Japanese cultural group sculptures. There are 208 square meters of general Memorial Hall and 153 square meters of reception hall of martyrs cemetery. The mausoleum is built close to the mountain and faces north from the south. The forest in the mausoleum is lush and the scene is solemn.

Memorial square

There is an anti Japanese War Memorial square near General Zhang Zizhong's tomb. The Anti Japanese War Memorial square mainly has a relief wall with an investment of 1.46 million yuan. It is 23 meters long and 4 meters high, and has 25 characters. It mainly reflects the scene of the anti fascist war. The red sandstone in the background means the Great Wall. The Anti Japanese generals defend the mountains and the country. The shape of the red sandstone is 1940516, which is the time for general Zhang Zizhong to die.

Cultural relic value

General Zhang Zizhong's tomb is an important historical witness of the Chinese people's bravery against Japan and the Chinese people's fearlessness against violence. It is of great value to the study of the history of the Anti Japanese war

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