Northeast Army lecture hall

Northeast Army lecture hall

Located at No. 25, Zhulin Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, "northeast lecture hall" is a military institution with the longest history and the largest number of cadres in Northeast China. It was established in 1906. It is one of the four major military academies in China, along with "Yunnan jiangwutang", "Baoding military academy" and "Huangpu Military Academy". Zou Changshun, a member of the Political Consultative Conference of Dadong District, suggested that "northeast lecture hall" should arouse the attention of the whole society and be restored to its original appearance and protected as an educational base. "Northeast Army lecture hall" is adjacent to Shenyang large enterprise Zhongjie friendship factory. The relocation of Zhongjie friendship factory is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to highlight and protect the former site of "Northeast Army lecture hall".

History Introduction

As we all know, Dr. Sun Yat Sen founded the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangdong, and there was one in the northeast, which was even earlier than the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangdong. It was the Northeast lecture hall. Dongbei Jiangwu hall was called Dongsan Jiangwu hall at first, and it was renamed Dongbei Jiangwu hall when Zhang Xueliang was in power. As an officer's School of the Fengxi warlord, the senior and middle-level officers of the Fengxi army are basically trained by it. It played an important role in improving the fighting capacity of Fengjun and promoting the formation and development of Fengxi warlords. It was also very famous in the history of Chinese military academies. It was listed as the four major military academies in China at that time along with Yunnan Jiangwu hall, Baoding Army Academy and later Huangpu Academy.

In Taiwan, the "Northeast Army lecture hall" is famous. Many old people graduated from it, including their families, have feelings for the "Northeast Army lecture hall".

The three eastern provinces lecture hall was established in 1907

In August 1907, Xu Shichang, governor of the three eastern provinces, complied with the military department of the Qing government's decision that "all provinces should set up military academies in the provincial walls as the Research Institute of military academies for military leaders", so he finally set up the military academies of the three eastern provinces by borrowing the buildings of the Fengtian Army Academy (in the Military Academy of the old general of Dabeiguan). In October 1908, it was moved to the east gate of Fengtian provincial capital. The name of the school was changed from the general subject of the three eastern provinces' lecture hall to the army's lecture hall, which was used to select and train excellent officers of the patrol battalion. The semester was one year. After Zhang zuolin took charge of Northeast China, he changed his name to northeast lecture hall.

When the Academy was established, it issued the Provisional Regulations of the Academy, which stipulated that "the academy is the Research Institute for the commanders of the battalions in the three provinces" and that "the Academy consists of one general manager, one supervisor, four branch coaches, one general instructor, four branch instructors, twenty branch assistant instructors and one deacon". All of them are graduates of the Army Academy When the time came, the officers of the troops were invited to give lectures in the hall. The training objects are divided into two sections. The first section is the newly appointed army officers, and the second section is the officers of patrol and anti-theft battalions. There are 100 students in the first course and 200 students in the second course. The trainees are selected and sent by each town (Division), Association (brigade), standard (Regiment) and camp. The teaching content "is divided into two categories: the discipline is tactics, military system, weapons, terrain, construction, transportation, health, equestrian science, service outline, military documents and so on; the technical discipline is training, field exercise, gymnastics, fencing, shooting and so on.".

Since October 1908, two classes of army and patrol have been set up, with a term of six months and three periods. In 1911, after the outbreak of the revolution of 1911, the three eastern provinces lecture hall was closed. In 1912, the patrol battalion was changed into an Army division. In order to reorganize the army, it continued to open the camp lecture hall of the army's 27th division, which was divided into an officer's regiment and a sergeant's regiment. In 1915, it was again suspended due to Sino Japanese negotiations.

Zhang zuolin takes over the three provinces of the East lecture hall

At the end of 1918, Zhang zuolin was appointed as the patrol envoy of the three provinces in the East. In order to further seek hegemony in the northeast, he wantonly expanded his army. In order to solve the problem of shortage of officers, in March 1919, the Military Academy of the three eastern provinces was reopened at the original site of the former military academy of the three eastern provinces. The general office of Jiangwu hall was changed to be the head of the hall, and Zhang zuolin was appointed as the head of education and sun Xuchang as the head of the general team. The headquarters consists of education, common affairs, military supplies, military doctors, veterinarians and secretaries. The trainees are organized into four regional teams.

In May 1919, the first phase of the students were selected and sent by the Fengjun troops. A total of 222 serving officers without formal background came to study in the military academy and were taught elementary military theory. They graduated in April 1920.

In May, the second phase of recruitment was continued, with 352 graduates.

In May 1921, 391 graduates were recruited.

In October 1922, the fourth phase was held, and the organization was adjusted. Zhang Xueliang was appointed as the head of the hall, and Xiao Qixuan was appointed as the head of education. There was one officer in each section of infantry, riding, artillery, engineering, and logistics. The team leader or instructor was also appointed. The district team was changed into a squadron, and five sections of infantry, riding, artillery, engineering, and logistics were set up. The training objects were mainly junior officers in each section of Fengjun army, 400 in each section The period is one year.

The learning content is divided into two parts: subject and technical subject.

There are two disciplines, one is six major courses (tactics, weapons, terrain, city building, transportation, military system), the other is code of conduct (military discipline code, shooting teaching model, service order in the formation, communication teaching model, internal rules, army punishment order, etc.), as well as equestrian science, health science, etc.

Technical subjects include playground coach, field exercise, technical gymnastics, sprint, equestrian and so on. Instructors shall be held by the domestic military academies and returned officers from Japan.

There are 335 cadets in the fourth phase. In addition to recruiting officers in active service, about one-third of them are young students. The period of study is one year. However, young students are required to have three months' probation after graduation. The students graduated in October 1923.

In January 1924, 324 students of the fifth period were recruited again, and they were changed from technical department to section chief. In September, due to the outbreak of the second Zhifeng war, the trainees were temporarily disbanded and returned to their original posts. In April of the next year, he returned to the University and graduated in October. In June 1926, it was renamed the Northeast Army lecture hall. In August, it recruited the sixth phase of students, appointed Zhu Jixian as the chief educator, and added the chief instructors of various departments, who were concurrently appointed by the instructors of various military departments.

Zhang Xueliang graduated from the three eastern provinces Academy of martial arts

Zhang Xueliang had planned to apply for the Baoding military academy, but later, encouraged by Zhang Zuoxiang, chief of staff of the inspection and inspection department of the three eastern provinces, he decided to study in the three eastern provinces military academy.

Recalling the scene at that time, Zhang Xueliang said: "when I went to dongsansheng martial arts school, I was inspired by my father. When I told my father, he was surprised and said, "what? You're going to the lecture hall? Don't give me shame. You can't work in a few days and come out again. Isn't that a shame for me? " As soon as I was inspired, I said, "people can do it. They can do it. Why can't I do it?" My father said, "well, if you can graduate from the lecture hall, I'll give you a leader when you come out." In this way, Zhang Xueliang entered the artillery section of Jiangwu Hall of the three eastern provinces to study and became the first student of Jiangwu hall artillery.

Zhang Xueliang studied very hard in the lecture hall. He conscientiously abided by the school rules, respected the instructor, united with his classmates, trained hard, and never made special efforts. He was the first in every exam.

Recalling the situation at that time in his later years, Zhang Xueliang said: "I got the first place in the first month, and I got the first place in the second month At that time, there was a little bit of learning tide in the school. Suddenly, it was said that someone cheated in the exam, so we changed places. At that time, we had two education classes with more than 100 students. One day, the teacher gave four questions. As a result, no one answered all the questions except me. I was the only one who answered all the questions correctly. I never cheat, either. Originally, other people didn't pay much attention to me, but in this way, my classmates and instructors paid attention to me. Even Guo Songling took a fancy to me, and I became good friends with Guo Songling. Of course, it's not my ability to be number one in the lecture hall exam. In fact, all the students in the lecture hall were soldiers at that time. In addition, I worked very hard in the lecture hall. "

Zhang Xueliang studied and trained very hard. There was a field combat exercise in which the trainees had to be fully armed. It is not easy for 19-year-old Zhang Xueliang to run, jump and jump with dozens of Jin equipment. After the exercise of offensive, defensive, pursuit, retreat and other subjects, we need to conduct field camping and "position all night". It was in the middle of winter, with heavy snow and north wind blowing, not to mention camping. Even in practice, hands, feet and face were like cat bites. Zhang Xueliang insisted. At dawn, the headquarters ordered running to "transfer troops" to the provincial capital. There were many laggards. Zhang Xueliang not only did not fall behind, but also helped other cadets complete the exercise.

At that time, all the students who went to the lecture hall were junior officers selected and transferred. Zhang Xueliang was enrolled in the name of the commander of the guard brigade. Because of his excellent academic performance, he became the head of the second regiment of the guard brigade before he graduated. In addition to the superior background and their own efforts, it is mainly the support of the veteran generals, and Zhang Zuoxiang plays a major role. Zhang Xueliang said many times: "I know that Zhang Zuoxiang intended to promote me", "when I got up in the army, it was Zhang Zuoxiang who promoted me.".

Setting up jiangwutang branch in Huangsi, Beijing

After all, the scale of the lecture hall at that time was limited, and each session could only recruit more than 400 students, far from meeting the actual needs. But ambitious Zhang zuolin thought: if you want to dominate the world, you must have a strong military force. For this reason, while he reorganized and expanded the army, he felt that there was a shortage of military talents.

In March 1926, Zhang zuolin decided to work in Beijing

Chinese PinYin : Dong Bei Lu Jun1 Jiang Wu Tang