Children's Park

Children's Park

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Children's Park is a city professional park for preschool and school-age children to play, entertainment, sports activities and culture and science education. The purpose of building children's Park is to create rich and colorful outdoor activities for children, so that children can contact nature, get familiar with nature, contact science and love science in activities, so as to exercise their body, increase their knowledge and make them grow up healthily in morality, intelligence and physical aspects.

type

According to the scale and content of children's Park and the specific situation of urban construction in China, general children's Park and children's playground can be divided into four types.

(1) Comprehensive children's Park: this type of children's park serves the children of the whole city. It is generally suitable to be located in the central part of the city with convenient transportation and large area, ranging from dozens of hectares to more than 100 hectares. The scope and area of the comprehensive children's Park can be between the municipal park and the District Park, and the content can include cultural education, science popularization and so on. The necessary buildings and facilities include: Science Palace, lecture hall, stadium, swimming pool, etc.

(2) Characteristic children's Park: strengthen or highlight the content of an activity, and form a relatively complete system to form a certain characteristic. For example, the activities of children's train in Harbin Children's Park are unique and deeply loved by children. This kind of special children's park takes into account the age characteristics of children, introduces them to the world's plant and animal groups, makes them love nature and the animal world, and strengthens their interest in professional knowledge in these fields in the process of children's participation in these activities.

(3) General children's Park: this kind of children's Park mainly serves for children in the region. The content of activities may not be comprehensive. In the process of planning, we can adjust measures to local conditions and focus on specific conditions, but its main content is still sports and entertainment. Within its service radius, this kind of children's Park will have the characteristics of size discretion, convenient service, free investment, simple management and so on.

(4) Children's Park: generally in the city's comprehensive park, a special area for children is opened up, which covers a small area, has simple facilities, and is small in scale. It has become an integral part of the city park planning, and is generally called children's activity area. Female iijl Beijing Zizhuyuan Park, Shanghai Yangpu Park, Tianjin Water Park_ 1: There are children's parks in Gongtong.

Planning and design

principle

(1) To meet the requirements of children of different ages on the content of the game.

(2) The planned sites, roads, buildings and various facilities meet the requirements of children.

(3) Education in fun, set knowledge, fun in one.

(4) Bright and bright colors, unique modeling, vivid image.

(5) Cultivate students' self-reliance and courage.

site selection

In urban planning, how to provide a place for children's rest and entertainment, and how to layout the urban children's public system are important issues with strategic significance.

In terms of site selection, we should first consider the protection of children's Park from urban water and gas pollution and urban noise interference, so as to ensure that the facilities and educational functions of children's Park have a good ecological environment and activity space. Traffic conditions should also be considered in site selection, so that parents and children can arrive conveniently, safely and smoothly. Considering the reasonable layout, it is not suitable to choose a more complete children's park near the comprehensive park with children's playground, so as to avoid the waste of funds. For example: Hangzhou Huagang fish Park, because Hangzhou children's Park has been built nearby, so children's activities are no longer considered in the park planning of Huagang fish park.

Functional zoning

Because the service objects of children's Park are mainly children, school-age children, teenagers and accompanying parents. As the main visitors, children, school-age children and teenagers have their own characteristics in physiology, psychology and physical strength due to their different ages. In the functional zoning planning of children's Park, different activity areas must be divided according to their situation.

① Children's Playground: the facilities of this kind of playground include small houses for games, rest pavilions, verandahs, etc. for parents to rest. Children's playgrounds are usually surrounded by hedges or colored low walls. Generally, the playgrounds are in the shape of bags with fewer entrances and exits. The equipment in this area should be smooth and concise, and should be rounded as far as possible to avoid bumping.

② School age children activity area: the service objects of the area are mainly primary school children of grade one and grade two. General facilities include: spiral slide, swing, climbing frame, etc. In addition, there should also be venues for collective activities, wading pools for water activities and barrier activity communities. Where conditions permit, there can also be indoor activities such as children's homes and science exhibition rooms.

③ Youth activity area: the fourth and fifth grade students of primary school and the lower grade students of junior middle school are required to be more ideological in terms of physical strength and knowledge, and the activity is more difficult.

It will play an important role in their future study and life to set up children's palace and Youth Science and technology literature and art training center to train young people to learn basic knowledge of music, painting, literature, calligraphy, electronics, geology, meteorology and other science and technology, literature and art after school.

④ Sports area: teenagers and children are in the stage of growth and development, so sports area is a very important activity content in children's Park. It is elegant and comfortable to carry out sports activities in the environment of the park.

Sports activities include: Gymnasium, sports ground, swimming pool, all kinds of courts (basketball court, volleyball court, tennis court, baseball court, badminton court), shooting range, bicycle field and even car competition field if possible.

⑤ Cultural, entertainment and scientific activity areas: the cultural and entertainment areas mainly cultivate children's feelings for collectivism, expand the field of knowledge, and enhance their thirst for knowledge and love for books. At the same time, the program arrangement of movie hall, lecture hall, concert hall and recreation hall is combined to achieve the purpose of integrating education into entertainment.

⑥ Natural landscape area: to meet the psychological needs of children close to nature. Consider designing a natural landscape area, so that innocent children can go back to the hillside, back to the water, lie on the grass, listen to the birds and smell the flowers.

⑦ Office management area: in order to improve the service of children's Park, we must consider the perfect office management system. The management includes sanitation, service, first aid and security.

main points

As the children's Park is specially open to teenagers and children, the characteristics of children should be considered in the design process, and the following design points should be paid attention to:

① The land of children's Park should be located in the area with good sunshine, ventilation and drainage.

② The land of children's Park should be selected or designed with good natural environment. Generally, the green space should account for more than 60%, and the green coverage should account for more than 70% of the whole park.

③ The road planning of children's Park requires a clear system of main and secondary roads, especially the main road can play the role of identifying the direction and looking for activity places. It is better to set up signs at the intersection of roads.

④ Health and safety are the most basic guiding ideology for the success of children's park design. Children are growing up. They will enjoy beauty, wisdom and physical exercise in children's Park.

⑤ The buildings, sculptures, facilities, garden sketches and garden roads of children's Park should be vivid, beautiful and bright in color.

⑥ It is very important to create the terrain and water body of children's Park. The design of terrain requires the combination of landscaping and game content, and the coordination of use function and garden activities.

⑦ Create a sheltered environment for children and accompanying parents to rest and wait. Generally, the playgrounds and activity squares in children's parks are built in open areas.

⑧ Color science of children's Park. Children's parks mostly use yellow, orange, red, sky blue, green and other bright colors, most of which use warm colors to create a warm, exciting, bright, energetic and upward atmosphere.

Greening design

Children's parks are generally located near urban residential areas. In order to create a good natural environment for activities and rest, dense trees and shrubs or rockery should be set around the park to protect it. All areas in the park should also be properly isolated by greening. In particular, children's activity areas should ensure safety, pay attention to the shade in the park, and properly plant street trees and court shade trees.

In terms of plant selection, it is necessary to give consideration to expanding children's plant knowledge and protecting children's physical and mental health. The layout should be rich and colorful, reflecting the "day-to-day" atmosphere, but the following plants should not be used.

Poisonous plants: flowers, leaves, fruits and other poisonous plants should not be selected, such as Lingxiao, poinsettia, torch tree, Nerium indicum, etc.

Thorn plants: easy to stab children's skin and clothing, such as Lycium barbarum, Berberis, Caragana, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa davurica, etc.

Irritating and smelly plants: such as lacquer tree, Haizhou Changshan, elderberry, etc.

Easily lead to diseases and pests and berry plants: such as persimmon, etc.

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