Hutong chuanzi

Hutong chuanzi

The word "chuanzi in Hutong" is a typical old Beijing dialect. It says that people who have nothing to do wander around the Hutong all day and have nothing to do.

Meaning of words

These people idle all day. I got up early in the morning and ran to the teahouse. At noon, I went out of the teahouse and into the restaurant. In the afternoon, I went out of the restaurant and into the bathhouse. In the evening, I went out of the bathhouse to string hutongs. To this kind of person, old Beijing people call it "Hutong chuanzi"!

In the early years, Hutong chuanzi also referred to the floating population, mostly from other places

If not as mentioned above, it seems to have a more derogatory meaning. It refers to some young people who are greedy and adapt to the life of Hutong, who are idle all day and live without work.

development history

Qing Dynasty

In the early Beijing dialect, "Hutong chuanzi" specifically refers to those people who do not do their proper work and hang around in Hutong all day. The meaning is similar to that of "Luotai Bangzi" and "black sheep" in local dialect. It's not a good bird to get rid of it. These people all take advantage of their old capital. If their ancestors were not the "so and so Er Zhen" who ate the iron crops, or the Miao descended from the royal family, or at least the young master of a business shop, or the standing room and lying on the ground. Every morning, the hutongs go straight to the teahouse with caged birds. When they meet three or two brothers, they have a chat for half a day. At noon, these people went out of the teahouse and into the restaurant, served a few dishes of wine and vegetables, and cooked two or two knives. In the afternoon, I went out of the restaurant and into the bath. In the evening, when it's dark, I call friends to listen to the opera and go to the kiln. In the early days, this kind of life was limited to the upper class, princes and nobles, but since the late Qing Dynasty, the total number of eight banners has accounted for one third of the total population of Beijing, reaching 240000. The imperial clan population of the Qing Dynasty has quadrupled since the beginning, with 8000 males alone. Plus the officials and businessmen in Beijing. Such a large number of people belong to consumers, Beijing has become a real consumer city. At that time, there was a poem "Zhuzhici" that said: "the shirt is open, the straw hat is horizontal, and the hand is holding the tiger. There was nothing wrong in the official office. After breakfast, I went out of the city. " This is the first string of hutongs in Beijing.

After the collapse of Qing Dynasty

With the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the fate of chuanzi in Hutong changed. Ancestral iron crops can not eat, but "easy to change, hard to change nature." It's called in Beijing dialect: "the donkey is not the driver." What's more, I've accumulated a hundred years of habits. I can't just throw them away. Lao She said, "the rich people here will pay attention to it, and the poor people who have no money know how to pay attention to it." At this stage, the hutongchuanzi has been completely civilian, and the things they play with seem to be a little bit of mischievous. An attitude of enjoying oneself and playing life. However, some people say that the early years of the Republic of China was the best period in Beijing's history. During this period, Beijing not only maintained a profound traditional cultural atmosphere, but also gradually got rid of the feudal dictatorship of imperial power. In addition, with the rise of a number of universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua University and Yanjing University, the atmosphere of freedom and democracy here became increasingly active. Inside and outside the Imperial City, there are many famous scholars. It was at this time that Lu Xun came to Beijing and lived in Shaoxing guild hall, badaowan'er and the gate of the West Fourth palace. At that time, my husband was very idle in the Department of education. According to his diary, he loved to drink around with Yu Dafu, sun Fuyuan and other friends in his spare time, or stroll around the bookstores around Liulichang, laughing and scolding. From the literal point of view, Lu Xun is the most tasteful "Hutong chuanzi" in that period, and also a typical representative of literati in the period of the Republic of China.

At the beginning of the founding of new China

At the beginning of the founding of new China, the Yaozi government was resolutely banned. Since then, the word "kuangyaozi" has completely disappeared for nearly 50 years, and only slowly revived in the early 1990s. At the same time, the wind of enclosure began to prevail in the compound of government departments and troops. Most of the people living in these compound were the family members of the dormitories of various ministries and commissions. For example, there is a compound of the Ministry of national defense at the west entrance of our Hutong, a compound of the general army at dongsibiao, as well as the compound No. 2 on the Foreign Affairs Street and the general staff compound in Cangnan Hutong. Living in the courtyard is quite different from living in the Hutong. One is the original people, born and bred, all of which have a strong legacy of the imperial city. The other is the foreign family, who is the founder of the country and his family, but is considered to be the representative of the new culture. When the children come home, they watch open-air movies and internal books, listen to revolutionary stories, and call their elders aunts and uncles. The Hutong children's books are also some of the water margin of the Three Kingdoms. Most of the stories told by adults are Peking Opera stories. The elders generally call them uncle, aunt, third uncle, fifth aunt and eighth aunt. The accent is authentic Peking Opera. Even if both sides are in the same classroom, they never communicate with each other. My mother said that when they went to school, the people in charge of the compound of the Ministry of national defense were all called Shengfan or wild children. Those people called Hutong children "Hutong chuanzi!"

After the beginning of the Cultural Revolution

After the beginning of the cultural revolution, Beijing's major entertainment places, such as teahouses, teahouses, entertainment clubs and opera gardens, have come to a standstill. Most of the adults are busy with the revolution to promote production and have no time to hang out. "The old three" together with several groups of children from the 69th session all responded to the call to "go to the mountains and the countryside". This city belongs to younger children. The writer Wang Shuo wrote in animal ferocity: "in addition to a few small-scale commercial streets, most of them are just a few food stores and department stores. In less than season, the goods on the shelves are also very monotonous. Most of them are basic daily necessities supplied by ticket. Four wheel drive military jeeps and some old Soviet and polish cars are common on the streets. During work and school hours, there are only some cadres from other places who are on business in the streets, and there are only a few roadside buses and trolleybuses at home. " In this monotonous background, "group fighting" has become a fashion of the hutongs. It's not surprising to think that they are all a group of half grown-ups. They are very angry. They have nothing to do at school. Besides, they listen to the slogan of "reclaiming Taiwan" and "cracking down on the US empire" every day. It's nothing new if they don't make trouble?! At that time, the fighting was divided into different groups, and the battlefield was just some secluded hutongs nearby. Between the compound and the compound, or between the compound and the alley, or because of trivial friction, or because of jealousy, often a "look at the eye" will lead to a fierce battle, slang is called "stubble frame". If one side is not strong enough, they will go to the friends of China separately to help. So all day long, a group of half boys will ride in the alley. These children are also known as "Hutong chuanzi". Some of them are ruthless and very helpful. They usually show their abilities in fighting. Beijing dialect calls these people "stubborn masters". At that time, there was a doggerel: "knife, band, mouth, mouth..." It's about the situation of the hutongs in those years.

ending

1977

1977 was the first year when the State Council announced the resumption of the college entrance examination. Most of the senior high school students who took part in the examination, from the old three who entered the school in the 1960s to the high school students who just entered the school in the 1970s, are in their teens. In that year, the college entrance examination was so crowded that it became a scene on the streets of Beijing to go to Wangfujing bookstore to buy textbooks. Moreover, in that year, the number of people who took part in the college entrance examination and the number of students who enrolled in the University was unprecedented, and a considerable number of "Hutong chuanzi" entered the university through reform. The rest of the people are also in the general trend, planning their own way out. At that time, there seemed to be a lot of unemployed young people in the Hutong, and the streets were also trying to find a suitable way for them. The movie "Er Zi Kai Dian" reflects the experience of a group of children in Hutong who "changed the bad and followed the good". They went to the sea to do business, work as individuals, start a company, work as a boss, and run a magazine. It seems that these common actions were new at that time. At that time, people were old-fashioned, rich and less competitive. They could make a lot of money at a clothing stall in Xiushui Street. It was courage that made money. Zhao zhenkai, who lives in qianmenwai grinding factory, was originally a construction worker. Since the end of 1970s, he and Gu Cheng, Duoduo, Munk and others have established the "today" poetry club. In order to publish the magazine, several brothers used to pedal their bikes to and fro for tens of kilometers to buy bananas and sell hairtail to raise funds. It can be said that the "hutongchuanzi" in the 1980s are a new wave of cultural hooligans full of passion and ideals.

Entering the 1990s

The changes in Beijing can be said to be the same every year. In 1992, the business circle of Jingguang Center was built. In 1994, the third ring road was opened to traffic. In 1995, Chaoyangmen inner and outer streets were rebuilt. In 1997, Wangfujing Dong'an Market was rebuilt. In 1998, Ping'an Street was rebuilt Taking a broad view, Beijing has wider roads, higher buildings, more people, more and more fashionable and more international. There used to be an old saying that "there are three thousand and six famous hutongs in Beijing, but there are no famous hutongs. Today, there are no more than 1500 hutongs left in Beijing. Most of the Hutong residents bid farewell to the life style that has lasted for more than 800 years and moved into residential apartments. A small part of the Hutong left behind has also been designated as a tourist area, mainly for commercial operation, without the strong flavor of life I had when I was a child. The tricycle was painted in brilliant colors, and the camera was flashing. Tourists from all over the world claim to have experienced a half day's "Hutong chuanzi" life. However, real life can only be a passive experience, but not an active experience. The change of traditional life style means "Hutong"

Chinese PinYin : Hu Tong Chuan Zi