Lushan martyr Temple

Lushan martyr Temple

Lushan martyr temple is a cultural relic protection unit of Changsha City, located under the Yuewang Pavilion on Heshi slope of Yuelu Mountain (in Hunan Normal University). The martyr's temple was originally the Yuewang temple in memory of Yue Fei. In 1939, it was rebuilt as the martyr's temple. Its full name is "martyr's temple at Lushan of the fourth Route Army". It was built to commemorate the Anti Japanese soldiers of the fourth Route Army of the national government.

Historical evolution

The martyr's temple is a place where the spirit of loyalty and righteousness was praised and the martyrs were sacrificed for the country. The name of the temple is "martyr".

The martyr's temple was originally the Yuewang temple in memory of Yue Fei. In 1939, it was rebuilt as the martyr's temple. Its full name is "martyr's temple of Lushan Mountain for the soldiers who died in the fourth Route Army". It is mainly to commemorate the soldiers who died in the Anti Japanese war in Songhu in 1937. Due to historical reasons, the building suffered serious damage during the war years and the cultural revolution.

Lushan martyr's temple was once abandoned and reduced to the warehouse of Hunan Normal University for storing infrastructure materials. In December 1997, Lushan martyr's temple was listed as "national key cultural relics protection unit" by the State Council.

In 2004, Hunan Normal University raised 5 million yuan for the restoration of the scenic spot. By the middle of July, the restoration project was completed and opened to tourists. There is a special exhibition of Anti Japanese war in the temple. Zhonglie temple is a cultural relic protection unit of Changsha City.

Architectural features

Zhonglie temple is located under Yuewang Pavilion on heshipo of Yuelu Mountain (in Hunan Normal University).

Ancestral temple seat West to East, the plane is rectangular, deep two, the main building area of 700 square meters.

The main hall has double eaves, Xieshan style, yellow glazed tiles and carved ridge ornaments. Both inside and outside are supported by stone columns and protected by two walls, with tunnels and granite arches.

The whole building system is exquisite and magnificent. Moreover, because it is less than 100 meters away from the cemetery of the 73rd Army soldiers killed in the Anti Japanese war on the side of heshipo, it has formed the appearance of upper and lower echoes, and has become a memorial building for the three tragic epics of the "Changsha battle" that concentrated the direct contest between the Chinese people and the Japanese aggressors.

However, since the 1960s, the martyr's Shrine has been damaged, the plaque has been lost, the eaves and roof have fallen off, the waste has been mixed, and it is in a state of disrepair.

For quite a long time, no one has known the martyr's temple. Only a pair of couplets left on the stone column in the west of the temple narrates the history of the majestic mountains and rivers to passers-by by by chance: Ma Ge shroud the body, Yue Yun leaves the noble spirit for thousands of years; the sheep tablet falls into tears, and Xiang River hangs the martyr's soul for thousands of years.

The existing plaque of "Yunwu qieren" in the temple was written by Liu Jianxu, written by Tan Zekai (the younger brother of Tan Yankai), and inscribed with couplets on the front eaves. "Yunwu" originated from "yizhoushu · Yunwen": "Yunwu at that time, thinking of death and resurrection, thinking of life and resurrection." It refers to the expedition. "Benevolence" refers to benevolence.

The meaning of the plaque is to say that there is a combination of military expedition and benevolence.

On the south wall of the martyr's temple are Liu Jianxu's memorial to the martyrs of Lushan Mountain, a book written by the fourth Route Army, and Professor Wu Rongfu of Hunan Normal University and Professor Yan Jialong's memorial to the martyrs of Lushan Mountain. Couplets are well preserved inside and outside the pillars of the martyr's temple, but all the handwriting of the famous people was chiseled and destroyed.

This paper describes the achievements of the fourth Route Army in the Songhu Anti Japanese War, describes the martial arts of the Hunan army since modern times, and also mentions the revolutionary achievements of Huang Xing and Cai E, with a view to encouraging the Chinese people to carry forward their spirit.

There are 12 stone pillars around the temple, all of which are engraved with couplets

River surging, a total of setting sun, long to write the heroic years of blood and tears;

He Shiluo, add a few rafters Temple appearance, so as to stay with future generations.

On the stone pillars on both sides of the main entrance are carved couplets:

Baizhan's body is also buried in the Youlou of ape and crane and the high grave of Qilin;

The soul is cool for thousands of years. Among them is Chang Hongbi's blood and the clothes of the cabinet.

The two stone pillars in the middle of the back of the ancestral hall are engraved with the sun:

It should be immortal if the blood is stained with yellow sand;

The elite huiheshi, who is greedy for life and afraid of death, is not here.

Reasons for construction

The fourth Route Army of the national revolutionary army is a local army in Hunan. It was ordered to take part in the civil war of encircling and suppressing the Red Army and the battle of Songhu to resist the Japanese invasion. Many times, the army suffered heavy losses.

The fourth Route Army was formed in the spring of 1929 during the war between Chiang Kai Shek and Guangxi. It was attached to Chiang Kai Shek. After the September 18th Incident, the general of the fourth route army joined forces to fight against Japan. In August 1936, Liu Jianxu was ordered to lead the 16th and 19th divisions of the fourth Route Army from Xiangxi to the front.

After the outbreak of the all-round Anti Japanese war in 1937, Chiang Kai Shek ordered to cancel the designation of the fourth Route Army and reorganize its headquarters into the tenth group army, with Liu Jianxu as commander in chief.

In the summer and autumn of that year, the 16th Division went to Jiangshan, Zhejiang Province. In the middle of October, it took part in the Songhu Anti Japanese War, blocked the Japanese attack, and was rewarded for completing the task.

In August of that year, Li Jue, the commander of the 19th division, led the headquarters to take up the garrison task of Hangzhou Bay between Zhenhai and Ningbo, and expanded it into the 70th army. In late September, the whole army rushed to Shanghai, and the headquarters recovered bashiqiao position through fierce fighting. Then they fought hard for more than 20 days in lujiayan, maiqiaozhai and Sunjiatun, defeating the enemy repeatedly. In particular, the 1l3 regiment fought with the enemy repeatedly for positions at shiziqiao for 7 days and nights, the most fierce Yang people) took the lead, fought with the enemy and died bravely. There were more than 1400 officers and soldiers in the regiment, few survivors, and more than 3000 Japanese casualties.

This unit later moved to Kunshan and Fuyang, where more than 6000 officers and soldiers were killed and injured, accounting for three-quarters of all officers and soldiers. It was rated as the best division in the battle of Shanghai by the Military Commission of the national government. From the autumn of 1938 to 1939, the Yangtze River Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the Hunan provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China established the "training class for infantry cadres of the 70th army in wartime" for Li Jue's headquarters, which trained more than 200 capable commanders and fighters and enhanced the combat effectiveness of this army.

After that, the 70th army successively took part in the battle of Nanchang, the battle of Shanggao and the battle of Changsha, all of which achieved good results.

Liu Jianxu, commander-in-chief of the fourth Route Army, built a martyr's temple in 1939 to honor the martyrs.

Memorial Hall of martyrs in Lushan

Memorial Hall for martyrs of the fourth Route Army

Liu Jianxu, commander in chief of the tenth group army and commander in chief of the fourth Route Army

In October of the 27th year of the Republic of China, Jianxu's commander, Zhedong, refused to fight against Koukou. He then discussed with other officers and men, saying that since he was in charge of the fourth Route Army, tens of thousands of officers and men who had been engaged in appeasing Koukou had died, so it was appropriate to build a martyr's temple at heshipo in the foothills of Changsha.

In this way, the materials and schedule of the Jiugong temple have been completed. The structure of the hall is broad, the bean has rank, the scenery of the river and the mountain is magnificent and grand. It is common enough to raise the spirits and show the rites.

When Yu was ordered to move eastward, the people of the border areas of Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Anhui had been suffering for a long time. However, after half a year of siege, the cause of appeasement was completed as scheduled. And our officers and men have made great contributions to the battle, that is, they have been ordered to join each other.

In July of the 26th year, the Anti Japanese army flourished. From the coast of Shanghai to Taiwan and Wenzhou, they were defended by our army. Shanghai and Hangzhou battled hard for several months, though they created a stubborn enemy, they lost more.

The battles of Guangfu and Nanxiang in the 15th division, Liu Xinggu's house in the 16th Division, wangjiapailou in the South Bank of wenzaobin in the 19th division, haiyanpinghu in the 62nd division, Jiashan Jiaxing in the 192 division of 728 division and nanjingshan city in Wuxing division, and Jiashan in the 321 brigade of 107 division, which was temporarily organized before, were all bloody and unremitting There were no less than four or five thousand dead.

If Wang Zhibin's defense on the West Bank of Poyang Lake, He Ping's counterattack by Madang, Li Jue's and Gu Jiaqi's attack on Gutang and Niutoushan, thousands of casualties, and our taoliu's guerrillas on Huhang Road, and our Huda's fighting between Fu and Tongjian, many casualties will be recovered, so will he Qizhuang.

In Hunan, people from the same army prospered, and the people from the countryside declared that they would fight. The banners and banners of the Xiang army are all over the sea, and their martial arts are very powerful. Liang youzeng and Hu Zhuxian advocated loyalty for the whole world. At that time, they were able to die for their country, risking all kinds of hardships. After the end of the revolution, the wind did not foam. Huang Keqiang and CAI Songpo worked hard in lingpeining, Han, Sichuan, and Yunnan provinces, and raised their arms. The people in Hunan devoted themselves to revolution, and the people who took part in the expedition were all over the world. The central government paid tribute to the people of Hunan, accounting for almost half of the country. Especially in the war of resistance against Japan, the local defenders of our Hunan people gave their hard support and went on and on, either injured more than half of the people or killed the whole army. Their bravery in fighting and fierce death were enough to shake the world and cry for ghosts and gods. This is not only the result of Chu people's fierce spirit, which is different from other countries. For more than a hundred years, the sages have been advocating and inspiring, and the patriotism and defending the people are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Today, the aggressors are suffering more and more, and the war is going on. I cherish the memory of my ancestors in Hunan, but I am ashamed of my talent. I only want to be loyal to my soldiers. They are both exhausted and work hard to get rid of each other. In addition to the day when the strong bandits recover their lost land, they can comfort the spirit of my death.

Hitachi stone, April 28, the Republic of China

*Punctuation note: the original monument was chiseled out of the text to "mouth" instead.

Address: below Yuewang Pavilion, heshipo, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu District, Changsha (in Yuewang Pavilion scenic area, Hunan Normal University)

Longitude: 112.945981

Latitude: 28.189212

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Chinese PinYin : Lu Shan Zhong Lie Ci