Totem pole

Totem pole

Totem pole, a pole or pole carved and painted with symbolic images representing family lineage and often interspersed with myths or historical events, built in front of houses of Indian tribes (especially the clans of the terenkit and skittagetan languages) on the northwest coast of North America.

Chinese totem pole

Throughout the "totem" records of 56 ethnic groups in China, they all have something in common: when the concept of totem came into being, people would guess the image of the ancestor according to the totem. Because of the implementation of totem integration, everyone dressed as a totem, but this kind of dress can only achieve the level of half man and half beast. Therefore, primitive people thought of their ancestors according to their own appearance. Since their appearance was half man and half beast, of course, their ancestors were also half man and half beast. In this way, the totem transformed from the whole animal totem into the ancestor of the half human and half animal totem, which can be called "the personification of animals". In 1942, Wen Yiduo, a famous contemporary poet, put forward his "totem view" in his article "from the figure of human head and snake to dragon and totem", which can help us correctly understand the evolution of totem

. The totem pillar group is composed of 16 totem pillars, which are located in the middle of the building group and in the heart of "Zhangjiang tribe". This is the most exciting and dignified note in the whole symphony

. The sixteen totem pillars represent the different national history and culture of Shui, Miao, Yao and bu. Each nation is represented by four totem pillars in four aspects: creation, sacrifice, migration and development, and major events. Each totem pole is composed of stigma, stigma and stigma base

The three faces of the totem beast bear the ancient bronze drum. The bronze drum on the beast is the totem instrument of the four nations. In the modeling, the characteristics of ancient bronzes are used for reference, which are summarized and refined, full of "spirit". The bronze drum is surrounded by dense sun patterns and bird patterns, which are full of decoration and mystery. The sacred beast is the patron saint of a nation and the object of national worship. It can make people feel broad and dignified, expel evil spirits and protect the land and water. The melodious drum is the call of the ancestors for a long time. People will make unified actions, jump out of the same rhythm and sing the praises of perfect harmony

. The pendants and animals on the stigma and the small accessories on the bronze drum are to enhance the delicacy of the totem pole, which is one of the national aesthetic characteristics

. Miao people take "cattle" as their totem - strong and hardworking cattle are the symbol of strength and wealth, and are the effective helpers and good partners of Miao people's life and work. Miao people have deep feelings for cattle. Cattle are everywhere in their lives, including in their homes, fields, clothes and silver ornaments. They regard cattle as the totem of their ancestors. In all kinds of festivals and celebrations, they will show the Miao people's love and worship for cattle.

Cattle shape: the strong cattle stand upright. His head is buried, his back is shrugged, his angry eyes are wide open, his nose is angry, his rings are right angled, and his body is square, which shows his strong body and boundless power. The Shui people take "fish" as their totem - they live by the water and are compatible with and dependent on the water. Fish is one of their food sources. They believe that the ancestors are the human head fish body of the supernatural animals, the fish as ancestor worship, with fish sacrifice.

Fish modeling: take the leap of fish. The body of the fish is covered with scales and is in a semicircular leap shape. Its shape is open mouth and exposed teeth. It has flying wings and spiritual whiskers. It is vigorous and light. It does not lose the spirit and sacredness of the fish. Yao people take "dog" as their totem - dog can protect the village and protect the courtyard, smart and brave, with colorful body, dog head and human body. According to yingshao's "general meaning of Customs" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it is said that Panhu was an ancient emperor, and the ancestors of Yao nationality respected Panhu as "King Pan". Today, the Yao people regard the powerful Panhu as their ancestor. Every year, they hold a grand "King Pan Festival" to commemorate Panhu and pray for God's peace and harvest.

Dog shape: take spirit dog squat. The head is high, the eyebrows are tight, the ears are adducted, the chest is straight, the feet are combined, the color pattern is draped, and the neck is hung, showing the majestic form of god dog.

The Buyi people take "frogs" as their totem - they love frogs because they think that frogs bring them to rich places and protect their crops. There are many beautiful legends about frogs in the folk, all of which are called ancestors.

Frog shape: leaping frog. Stand upright, eyes bulging, big belly, forelegs raised, hind legs supporting the body. It has a beautiful and dynamic zigzag shape. Frogs are vigorous and lively, and their body ornaments make them full of spirituality and divine power.

Introduction to totem pole

Structure introduction

The totem pole is a triode on the top and the bottom, the upper tube is NPN, the C pole (collector) is connected to the positive power supply, the lower tube is PNP, and the C pole (collector) is grounded. The two B poles (base) are connected together, connected to the input, and the e poles (emitter) of the upper and lower tubes are connected together, connected to the output, like a "totem pole". Two B poles are driven by the same signal. When the driving signal is high, NPN is on; when the driving signal is low, PNP is on. The push-pull output is composed of two transistors. Used to match the voltage, or to improve the drive ability of IO port.

The upper and lower output tubes are in series from the DC point of view, and the joint of the two tubes is the output end. If the circuit logic can cut off both upper and lower transistors, the output will be in high resistance state.

In switching power supply, similar circuit is often called half bridge.

Circuit variant

One is that the two tubes all use NPN, but the lower tube receives the input through an inverter, which also plays the same role;

Another is that the e of the lower tube is connected to the ground, and the negative power supply is replaced by a voltage regulator between the two tubes.

The output pole of the gate circuit adopts an upper resistance connected with the collector of an NPN transistor, the emitter of the tube is connected with the emitter of the lower tube, and the collector of the lower tube is grounded. The base of the two tubes are respectively connected with the control of the former stage. Because the circuit diagram drawn by this structure is a bit like the Indian totem pole, it is called totem pole output (also called totem output).

Totem pole function

On the one hand, the driving ability is increased; on the other hand, when the output of PWM is low level, the lower transistor provides the discharge circuit for the MOS junction capacitor.

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