Bai's residence

Bai's residence

Baigongguan is located in Geleshan, Shapingba District, Chongqing. It is a revolutionary relic that cherishes the memory of heroes and laments for them. It was originally the suburban villa of Baiju, a warlord in Sichuan. Baiju claims to be the descendant of Bai Juyi, and borrows Bai Juyi's nickname "Xiangshan Jushi" to name the villa "Xiangshan villa". In 1939, Dai Li, the spy chief of the Military Commission, took a fancy to it when he chose a site at the foot of Gele Mountain. He bought it with a lot of money and transformed it into a prison for persecuting revolutionaries. It is called "two living coffins" together with the refuse cave. But they are different. The prisoners in Bai mansion are political prisoners who are considered "serious cases" by the juntong.

In 1943, the Sino US Institute for special technology cooperation was established. As the third guest house of the Sino US Institute for special technology cooperation, the Bai residence was moved to the nearby refuse cave. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Bai mansion was used as a special detention center. In the spring of 1947, the "criminals" from zhazidong moved back to the Bai residence.

Huang Xiansheng, a patriotic general of Anti Japanese War, Zhou Junshi, President of Tongji University and national Wusong Merchant Shipping College (now Shanghai Maritime University), Liao Chengzhi, a patriot, song Qiyun, a Communist Party member, Xu Linxia, his wife and their young son "little luobotou" were all imprisoned here. At most, more than 200 "political prisoners" were imprisoned here. On November 27, 1949, juntong agents massacred the revolutionaries who were held here, and only 20 people got out of danger. Baigongguan and zhazidong are called "two living coffins". Baigongguan scenic spot is free of charge. Online real name reservation will be implemented on January 1, 2019. Visitors can make ticket reservation through official channels, and enter the scenic spot through appointment ID card or appointment QR code.

Revolutionary relics

The former site of baigongguan prison is located in Geleshan, Shapingba District, Chongqing. It is a revolutionary relic that makes later generations cherish the memory of heroes and sigh for them. It used to be the suburban villa of Baiju, a warlord in Sichuan. Baiju claimed to be a descendant of Bai Juyi, so he borrowed Bai Juyi's nickname "Xiangshan Jushi" and named his villa "Xiangshan villa". In 1939, Dai Li took a fancy to it when he chose a site at the foot of Gele Mountain, so he bought it with a lot of money and transformed it into a prison for persecuting revolutionaries. It is called "two living coffins" together with the refuse cave. But they are different. The prisoners in Bai mansion are political prisoners who are considered "serious cases" by the juntong.

Since 1938, it has been regarded as a secret prison by Kuomintang secret service. Huang Xiansheng, a patriotic general against Japan, Zhou Junshi, President of Tongji University, Liao Chengzhi, a patriot, song Qiyun, a Communist Party member, Xu Linxia, his wife and their young son "little luobotou" were all imprisoned here. At most, more than 200 "political prisoners" were held here. The original air raid shelter was changed into torture cave.

In 1939, for the sake of keeping the interrogation and detention secret, Dai Li, the spy chief of the Military Commission, selected him as the detention center directly under the headquarters of the Military Commission. The gate of the former White mansion was closed all day, and a small door was opened from the side. The original storage room was changed into a dungeon, and the original air raid shelter was changed into a torture hole. In hospital

On the inner wall, there are slogans such as "to be loyal to others, to make up for their mistakes", "to correct their friendship, not to seek their interests, to be clear about their ways, and to ignore their merits".

After the establishment of the "Sino US cooperation center" in 1943, the white mansion was transformed into a guest house for US military personnel in China, and was re closed as a special detention center in 1945.

Huang Xiansheng, a patriotic general of the Anti Japanese War, Zhou Junshi, President of Tongji University and national Wusong Merchant Shipping College (now Shanghai Maritime University), Liao Chengzhi, a patriot, song Qiyun, a Communist Party member, Xu Linxia, his wife and their young son (i.e., the most familiar little luobotou) are also imprisoned here. At most, more than 200 "political prisoners" were held here. Little luobotou's original name was song Zhenzhong. As he grew up, his parents worked hard to win him the opportunity to learn. While in prison, they worked hard with General Huang Xiansheng to learn cultural knowledge, and at the same time they continued to help his prison friends secretly pass on information and notes. However, on the eve of liberation, the secret agents brutally killed the eight year old girl.

On the eve of liberation, in addition to more than 20 "political prisoners" such as Huang Xiansheng and Xu Xiaoxuan who were transferred from Xifeng prison after it was abolished, there were also 30 "political prisoners" such as Liu Guozhen, Zhou Conghua, Zhou Junshi and Zhang Zehou who were detained in the second detention center of Chongqing Xingyuan.

On November 27, 1949, juntong agents massacred the revolutionaries who were held here, and only 20 people got out of danger.

The famous novel "Red Rock" reproduces the cruel and terrible prison life inside the prison and the firm belief of the revolutionaries.

Take Yang Hucheng family for the first time

October 1949 was a "dark day before dawn". At that time, the Communist Party of China stormed the territory occupied by the Kuomintang after three major battles, such as the battle of crossing the Yangtze River. After the bankruptcy of Chiang Kai Shek's dream of "ruling by the river", the Chiang Dynasty thought that their defeat was the result of being soft on the Communist Party, so it launched a crazy attack on the Communists and progressives in Chongqing Massacres. Li Hua said that the butcher's knife of the enemy massacre first stabbed General Yang Hucheng. At more than 11:00 p.m. on September 6, General Yang Hucheng, his son, daughter, song Qiyun's wife and son "xiaoluotou", who had just arrived at Daigong temple in Songlinpo, Geleshan, were slaughtered by secret agents. The third edition of Dagongbao (Chongqing Edition) on December 12, 1949 published "the tragic death of General Yang Hucheng and the discovery of father and son's remains at the same time yesterday". General Yang Hucheng, one of the leaders of the double 12 incident, was arrested and imprisoned by Chiang Kai Shek for 12 years. Two months ago, General Yang and his young son were finally killed by Chiang Kai Shek agents at Ciqikou. This fact was confirmed yesterday.

Jiang Jie left without regret

On October 28, Chen Ran, Wang Pu and other 10 difficult friends were taken to Daping execution ground and shot. On the prison car, Wang Pugao called out: "father and fellow villagers, the people's Republic of China has been established! Chongqing is about to be liberated! The Jiang Dynasty is about to fall! " On November 14, in the name of transfer, a group of armed agents took 30 people, including Jiang Jie, to LANYA of Geleshan radio station and killed them. Before the execution, Li Qinglin, who was in trouble with him, suddenly asked, "sister Jiang, do you miss yun'er?" Jiangjie nodded and said, "yes, I really want to see him at this time. The photo is on me. Unfortunately, my hands are handcuffed and I can't take it." "Forget it." Li Qinglin said. "Yes, if you don't see it, you can't see it. Anyway, they will be liberated. They will surely have a good life, and we have no regrets." Jiang Jie comforts Li Qinglin in turn.

Thirty two people died 10 hours before liberation

Li Hua said that Chongqing was liberated on November 30. At 4 p.m. on November 29, 32 people were shot dead in Songlinpo, and the enemy agents fled without even burying their bodies. Among the martyrs, there was a 21-year-old young woman named Huang Xiya. She has worked in southwest evening wind and kindergarten. On the eve of the liberation of Chongqing, she assisted the underground party in the work of plotting against the Kuomintang troops and was arrested on September 13, 1949. Before being arrested, Huang Xiya gave her classmate a song "a smile", in which she expressed her life ambition: "to light others' fire with her own fire. Use the axe of your pen to cut off human suffering. "

321 people were killed in the massacre

Li Hua said that from September 6 to November 29, 1949, the collective massacre of "political prisoners" was carried out in the juntong concentration camp, especially on November 27. According to the statistics of the series of Holocaust victims from the late period of the Anti Japanese War to the eve of Chongqing's Liberation in relevant research reports, the total number of the victims on record is 321, of which 285 have been identified as martyrs after examination, 290 have been added with five children whose parents died, and 31 have been traitors and indeterminate. Among 321 people, 207 died in the "November 27" massacre in 1949, including 185 martyrs. Among the 285 martyrs killed, 161 Communists have been identified, accounting for 57% of the total; 25 League members, and several members of other democratic parties and mass organizations.

It's too bad for a reporter to write

According to relevant information, Chongqing was liberated on November 30, 1949. Che Yiying left the crowd who welcomed the PLA into the city and ran to Geleshan alone. She is the second daughter of Che Yaoxian, a former member of the CPC West Sichuan special committee. At this time, Che Yiying did not know that her father, who had been arrested for many years, had been secretly killed. She thought her father was in Geleshan prison. Many years later, Che Yiying described what she had seen and heard on that day as follows: "the white mansion is empty, and the residual fire of the refuse cave is still smoking. The eight cells downstairs in the refuse cave were full of charred bodies. There were no heads, no feet, only pieces of charred bodies. There are more than 20 bodies lying in the gap of the wall, in front of and behind the house and in the toilet. There are three big pits on the pine forest slope, full of corpses and blood. Seeing the hatred eyes, clenched fists and blood of the victims, I can't say a word. There is no sound on Gele Mountain. It's so lonely and desolate. " However, when more and more people flock to Geleshan to look for relatives, friends and classmates, the mountain forest can no longer be quiet, and the cry can be heard everywhere. Chongqing Ta Kung Pao, published on December 1, 1949, is characterized by "Jiang bandits exterminating humanity and killing revolutionaries"

Chinese PinYin : Bai Gong Guan