The former site of the examination institute of the National Government

The former site of the examination institute of the National Government

The former site of the examination institute of the national government is located at No. 41-43, East Beijing Road, Nanjing, on the east side of Jiming temple and the South Bank of Xuanwu Lake. There are birds singing and flowers fragrant all the year round, and the environment is very beautiful. The whole building complex is well planned, and the buildings are particularly exquisite, with carved beams, painted buildings, cornices and corners. In 1991, it was rated as one of the excellent modern buildings by the Ministry of construction of the people's Republic of China and the State Administration of cultural relics. In 1992, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing, and in 2001, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

It is still the seat of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, the Nanjing Municipal People's government, the Nanjing Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference and the Nanjing Municipal People's Congress.

summary

It was originally a Wu Temple (in the 27th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty). It was destroyed by the war during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In 1930, the examination institute of the national government was established. In the following year, Mingzhi building, Hengjian building, Gongming hall, Ningyuan building, Daixian hall, Hualin hall and other buildings were successively established on the abandoned site. The complex has two central axes, East and West, covering an area of 8277 square meters.

layout

The whole examination institute is a garden style building complex, arranged by two parallel axes. In the west, there are the west gate, Confucius' stele Pavilion, Mingzhi building, Gongming hall, etc.

The west gate is a three Bay traditional Chinese archway building, which is made of reinforced concrete. The column head is decorated with traditional Chinese moire pattern. The shape of the whole archway is dignified and generous. There are four big words "seeking for the country" written by Dai Jitao on the forehead of the archway. There are two white jade lions in front of the door

The base is of xumizuo type, which is also made of white marble and carved with fine patterns. During the Wang puppet period, the word "national government" was changed on the lintel of the middle gate. After liberation, it was the gate of Nanjing Municipal People's government. In 1998, the west gate was transformed, and the two sides of the original three Bay archway gate were rebuilt

Two more entrances and exits were built to form a five bay pattern.

Behind the gate is a large garden. Facing the gate, there is an old hexagonal pavilion with a cornice, namely "Wen Li Pavilion". In the center of the pavilion, there is a stele with a picture of Confucius asking for rites, which was built by Dai Jitao following the meaning of Confucius asking for rites. Unfortunately, there is no Pavilion now, and the inscription was moved to dachengmen of Confucius Temple in 1988.

Behind the pavilion is a flower bed with plum and cherry blossoms. The flower bed is surrounded by a large lawn, and the test hall building "Mingzhi building" is located in the green trees. It is a palace style building imitating the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is made of reinforced concrete structure. The roof is a single eaves structure, covered with green glazed tiles. All the brackets, eaves, rafters and beams are painted. There are two floors on the ground and the other floor underground in the middle of Mingzhi building. In front of the building is a large cement platform, which is surrounded by carved concrete false stone railings. Under the eaves hung a plaque of "mingzhilou" with a vertical book, and on the porch at the entrance hung a banner of "loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, faithfulness, peace". After reconstruction in the 1990s, the central part of the building is now the auditorium of Nanjing Municipal People's government, the western part is the conference room, and the eastern part is the reception room for foreign guests. The whole building was repaired in March 1999.

There is another three storey building behind Mingzhi building, namely, Hengjian building, the office of the examination and selection committee, which is connected with Mingzhi building. Hengjian building is a western style building with brick concrete structure, three floors in the middle and two floors on both sides. It has a flat roof and a portico awning at the entrance, which makes the whole building simple. In 1997, it was demolished and the office building of Nanjing Municipal People's government was built on the original site. Behind the Hengjian building, there is an office building, called gongmingtang, which is the place for the examination committee to review papers. Like Hengjian building, it was demolished in 1998 and the office building of Nanjing People's Congress was built in situ.

The eastern part of the examination institute of the national government is composed of panchi, dongdamen, wumiao hall, ziyuanlou, Hualin library, library and baozhangge.

Panchi is in front of the east gate, half moon shaped, so it is also known as crescent pool. The east gate is just north of panchi, with three arched openings. Different from Mingzhi building, the east gate is a typical double eaves structure, covered with green glazed tiles and reinforced concrete structure. The lower part of the gate imitates xumizuo, and the upper beams, brackets, eaves and rafters are painted. During the period of the national government, there was a gold plaque of "examination institute" written by Dai Jitao between the two eaves above the middle gate. It is worth mentioning that at that time, the guards at the gate were different: they were all in black uniforms, with no guns in their hands and no arms around their waists

But with a sword, he was gentle. During the period of Wang puppet regime, the banner of "peaceful founding of the people's Republic of China" was written in seal script on the middle gate, and the sign of "Ministry of foreign affairs" was hung between the two eaves. Now it has become the gate of the CPPCC in Nanjing.

The main hall of Wu Temple, also known as Wu De Lou, got its name from the worship of Guan Yu. It was built in the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty (1368-1398) and later destroyed by the fire of war. Therefore, we can see that the main hall of Wu Temple was built on a tall blue stone platform. Structurally, it is also a hilltop structure with double eaves, all of which are made of brick and wood, red doors, red columns, red windows, and the roof is also covered with green glazed tiles. During the period of the Republic of China, the interior was rebuilt into a two-story building, with the auditorium of the examination institute downstairs and the office of the Ministry of public security upstairs.

Ningyuan building is the office building of the examination institute and the "Shixian hall" of Dai Jitao's office. Later, it was also used as the office building of Wang Jingwei in the period of Wang puppet. In 1996, a two-story antique building was demolished and built as the office building of Nanjing municipal Party committee.

Hualin library is the resting place for Dai Jitao, the president of the examination institute in that year. The three-story building facing east and West is the library of the examination institute. It is of brick and wood structure with double eaves and veranda roof. This is the office building of Nanjing Municipal Administration.

Baozhang Pavilion, built in 1934, is the archives of the examination institute. Its biggest characteristic is the flat roof, and there is a tower in the middle of the roof, the facade is simple, with the western modernist architectural style, but in the layout and detail processing, it also reflects the Chinese traditional architectural characteristics, and is a typical Chinese classical architectural style.

present situation

The building complex is well planned with unique architectural features. The new and old buildings blend with each other, and the buildings and the garden greening complement each other. It is the seat of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, the Nanjing Municipal People's government, the Nanjing Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference and the Nanjing Municipal People's Congress. In 1991, it was rated as one of the excellent modern buildings by the Ministry of construction and the State Administration of cultural relics. In 1992, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing. In 2001, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Address: No.41 and 43, Beijing East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing

Longitude: 118.79666335276

Latitude: 32.058554885326

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Guo Min Zheng Fu Kao Shi Yuan Jiu Zhi