Bishan Village

Bishan village, a small village inhabited by Wang family, is well known for its Bishan plan. The famous branch of Nanjing Xianfeng bookstore, zhengbishan bookstore, pigsty bar and inn, as well as the famous Yunmen tower, are also famous.

Bishan Village

Bishan village is located in Biyang Town, Yixian County, Huangshan City. It is surrounded by Bishan in the north, Yixian basin in the south, and Jianxi river passes through the village from north to south. It is a famous ancient village in Huizhou where Wang family lives together. In the village, there are the ruins of the private garden "Peiyun garden" in Song Dynasty, the private school "gengdu garden" in Ming Dynasty, the ancient pagoda "Yunmen pagoda" in Qing Dynasty, and more than 100 well preserved ancient dwellings and ancestral halls in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Historical heritage

Bishan village has a long history and profound culture. Huangpi, also known as Sandu in ancient times, was one of the twelve capitals of Yi County in Ming Dynasty. According to the traditional saying of "three, six and nine capitals" in ancient times, the three capitals were Bishan Village (formerly known as Huangpi), the six capitals were Xidi Village (formerly known as Xichuan Village) and the nine capitals were Pingshan Village (formerly known as Shu Village). In the Sui Dynasty, Zhouzhi was once located here. Bishan village was famous in the Southern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Although it was far less famous than xidihong village, it was more modest and low-key because of this. It is said that Li Bai said: "ask me what I mean by living in the blue mountain, smile but not answer, my heart is free." That's right here.

According to the records of Xin'an annals, in 592 of the Sui Dynasty, Xin'an County was changed to Shezhou, which was famous for its governance in Bishan of Shexian county.

Twenty four years later, in 616, the 12th year of Daye of the Sui Dynasty, Wang Hua, a native of she, fought against the Sui Dynasty and occupied she and she. He made himself king of Wu and established she County as she Prefecture.

Wang Hua was granted the title of Duke of Yue in 621, the fourth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty. After his seventh son Wang Shuang, four generations of Duke Jingrui moved to Chishan town in Yi county (the place was designated in 725, the second year of Yongtai in Tang Dynasty, and built in Qimen County). He was the ancestor of Wang family in Yi county. In the seven dynasties of Yue, Yagong moved to Jingting, Qimen (now the county seat). His eldest son, Zongming, moved to Huangpi. He is the first ancestor of the Wang family in Huangpi. In order, he should be the 57th ancestor of the Wang family. Since then, Bishan village has gradually become a famous village in Huizhou because of the Wang family's living and breeding here.

In Song Dynasty, Yi county established four townships 20 Li; in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yi county established four townships 12 capitals; Huichang Township had one capital, two capitals and three capitals. There are three villages: Huangpi, Fuji, shuihuzhai, Shuangxi, huangyitan, fangjiaban, Wangcun, Shayuan, Hecun, dititang, houshenkeng, Bikou, xiamazha, Baihu, Jitou, xiachangkeng and duntian.

Today's Bishan village is only a part of Sandu. The relevant information is expressed as follows: Bishan got its name from the mountain and was called Huangpi in ancient times. The village is adjacent to shiting in the East, Fengkou in the west, Jianxi in the north and Nantong County in the East. Others say that Bishan includes huanshantang, jianximiao, Qingshan, Baihu, Junchuan and shuiduqiu. Over the past few decades, with the change of administrative divisions, how big Bishan is is really a matter of speculation.

geographical position

Bishan village is located in the northwest of Biyang Town, 4 kilometers up the zhangshui River, and the continuous Mountains lie in front of it. The village governs 21 villager groups, including Zhongxin, Qiansheng, Zhoutong, Taiqian, Shishi, renrang, Hengshan, Heyan, Dongtou street, xiaxinwu, xiashatang, Shuiqiu, Jinyuan, Lichun, Shimen, Junchuan, Qingshan, oucun, Huangpo, Baihu and Bainian mountain, with 950 households and more than 3280 people. At present, there are 4095 mu of cultivated land, 1349.3 ha of forest land and 1455 mu of mulberry garden.

Agricultural civilization

Today, the descendants of the Wang family in Bishan still live a leisurely life of working at sunrise and resting at sunset. Farming, sericulture, picking tea, planting hemp and handicrafts are still their traditional production methods. Sacrifice, going to the market, singing folk songs and performing social drama are still their traditional life customs. Bishan village is one of the last preserves of Chinese Han culture and agricultural civilization, and it is our home in the process of modern urban civilization.

Tourism environment

There are many mountains and clear waters in the territory. There are "three capitals and eight sceneries". It is the hometown of Wang Bo, a politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Liansong, a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty and Wang Dazhi, a modern educator. At present, there are more than 300 ancient dwellings and ancestral halls in Ming and Qing Dynasties, one private garden site in Song Dynasty and one ancient pagoda in Qing Dynasty. It is the place with the most cliff carvings in Yi county.

Bishan village is a beautiful village with beautiful scenery. With a forest coverage of 70%, it is the source of Zhanghe River. It has three small type-2 reservoirs and a thousand mu mulberry sea reflecting the modern agricultural style, showing the leisurely and quiet rural customs everywhere. It has convenient transportation, smooth communication, simple folk customs and good social order.

Bishan village still retains the typical historical features of Huizhou ancient villages. The ancient dwellings with white walls and black tiles, the Horsehead walls in disorder, the winding streets and alleys, and the pagoda at the head of Heli village are all deeply branded with the memory of time.

Bishan, the main mountain in the county

According to the records of Huizhou Prefecture, "Bishan is located in the northwest of the county, with a height of 100 meters. In the south, there is a confrontation of AI peak, which is the main mountain of the county. Shiyushan county northwest more than ten miles, 500 Ren high, vast 30 miles, there are boulders such as Yu, spring inexhaustible, Ming Linghui, Qinglie abnormal. Zhangshan is 20 miles northwest of the county, and zhangshui is the source of Zhejiang. " If the mountain is not high, there will be immortals; if the blue mountain is not high, it will be the main mountain of the county. Why? It may be related to the original "Taibai Temple" built at the foot of the mountain. Back then, Li relegation Fairy "asked Yu why to live in Bishan" and Zhang Jiucheng's "Bishan visiting friends". The "Bishan" should not only refer to the village, but also include the village and the vast realm of Bishui and Qingshan stretching tens of miles in the north of the village.

Cloud Gate Tower

Yunmen tower is located in the West Bank of Nanzhang water. The pagoda was built in 1782 by villagers Wang Shixi and Wang Shiwei, who donated 3400 yuan to build it. The pagoda has five floors and a pearl on the top. From a distance, the ancient pagoda of song style is dignified and quiet. There are cornices and angles on the brick brackets, and small iron horses are hanging on the angles. It has quietly passed through more than 200 years of spring and autumn. The tower is 36.4 meters high and 5.28 meters in diameter. The interior is hollow, with folding steps and doors and windows. When the villagers built the Yunmen tower in those years, the main body of the six story tower was soon built, but the top of the tower was too heavy to install. Later, an old man came up with a way to pile up a slope with soil, and then slowly push the top of the tower up along the slope manually. But one night soon after, there was a loud noise, and the whole village ran out to see that the tower had sunk a layer. Since then, the Cloud Gate Tower is now seen on the fifth floor. Under the pagoda, the original Yunmen library was built in accordance with the terrain, clean and elegant. It was the place where Wang surnamed Huiwen lived. Now it has collapsed. Wang Xieting, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem: "a pagoda rises from the sky, and the clear clouds float down. The sky is far away, the village is surrounded by water, the trees are in the haze, the mountains are in the dusk, and the stool is not in the extreme. It's hard to get down Yunmen pagoda was listed as a county-level key protection unit as early as 1982, and is now a municipal cultural relics protection unit.

Farming and reading Garden

The garden is a private school in the Ming Dynasty. After walking through the hall, you can see a simple "beauty lean", which is the nickname of the armchairs around the patio in Huizhou houses. On the left side, there is a pool of clear water, in which all the koi swim freely. A few osmanthus trees and Podocarpus arvensis in the small courtyard are over 100 years old, but they are still fragrant and refreshing every flowering period. On the other side of the pool is the classroom. The ancients used the reflection of water light to improve the lighting effect of the classroom. This design is elegant and practical. It is very consistent with the simple and fresh style of the farming and reading garden. It also contains the owner's ambition of full reading poems and books and indifferent to fame and wealth.

Walking around the classroom, I found that there was a small vegetable garden in it, and several small trees with strange shapes accompanied the green vegetables growing everywhere. Not far away from the garden is the outer wall of the garden. Looking at the mottled traces of time on the wall, I can't help thinking: hundreds of years ago, those students were studying hard at their desks here. When they were tired, would they come to the garden and ponder silently over the outer wall?

Peiyun Garden

Peiyun garden is the former residence of Wang Bo, the official of the Privy Council in the Southern Song Dynasty, covering an area of more than 2000 square meters. In the garden, the pines and bamboos are green, the springs are flowing, and the grass is rich. There are ponds, bamboo groves, stalagmites, rockeries, ancient trees, flowers, and small and medium-sized roads in the garden. There are holes made of huge stones to cut off the scenery in the garden. You can see another part of the scenery in the garden only when you go through the holes. The word "Peiyun" means to cultivate the honest and unyielding sentiment of Cuizhu. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Huizhou merchants had not yet sprouted. They built this garden in ancient Huizhou with green pines and bamboos, clear ponds and clear springs, and beautiful mountains and caves. It implied the owner's interest at that time, that is, to keep clean in the age of dim monarchs, traitors and declining rivers, and to create a quiet and elegant place to live in remote places. When Zhang Jiucheng, the Minister of rites at the same time with Wang Bo, came to Bishan, Wang Bo welcomed him into Peiyun garden and stayed there for several months. During his stay in Peiyun garden, Zhang Jiucheng wrote a poem of seven wonders, which said: "among the towering peaks of ten thousand Ren, there are thousands of precipitous and precipitous falls; the old cypresses and cypresses are dense, and there are also six peaks of Huangshan."

On the wall of Zhangshan mountain

On the day of Guyu in the third year of Kaixi (1207) of the Southern Song Dynasty, the local "Wang's twelve rural sages" visited Zunxiao Temple together. As a result, they happily wrote inscriptions, leaving a stone inscription with a height of 10 meters and a width of 5 meters. This is the inscription on the wall of Zhangshan. The wall of Zhangshan inscription is 10 meters high and 5 meters wide. There are 166 regular script characters on the wall, each of which is 20 cm high. At the bottom of the wall, there are some Buddhist Scripture stone carvings, but because of its long history, the characters are not clear

Chinese PinYin : Bi Shan Cun