Hangzhou Botanical Garden

Hangzhou Botanical Garden is located in the hilly land between Lingyin and Yuquan in the northwest of Hangzhou West Lake. There are nine exhibition areas and four experimental areas for plant classification, economic plants, bamboo plants, ornamental plants, trees and landscape gardens.

In spring, all kinds of flowers are in full bloom, and the garden is particularly beautiful with all kinds of colors. In summer, there are green trees with the fragrance of trees in the air. In autumn, you can enjoy the Chrysanthemum Exhibition in the fragrance of Osmanthus fragrans. In winter, there are Chimonanthus praecox and camellia. But also because of the vegetation, all kinds of small insects are more, go to play should pay attention to prevent mosquito bites.

Hangzhou Botanical Garden

Hangzhou Botanical Garden is located in taoyuanling, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Its core location is 30 ° 15 ′ N and 120 ° 07 ′ E. With a total area of 284.64 hectares, the botanical garden was established in 1956. It is one of the scientific research institutions for plant introduction and domestication in China, with nine exhibition areas and four experimental areas for plant classification, economic plants, bamboo plants, ornamental plants, trees and landscape gardens.

As of 2014, there are 848 species of woody plants in Hangzhou Botanical Garden, including 8 families, 31 genera and 62 species of gymnosperms. There are 786 species of angiosperms belonging to 169 genera and 70 families. Based on the original germplasm of woody plants, 15 main tree species resources of 8 families were investigated, including 68 osmanthus varieties, 11 peach varieties, 60 plum varieties, 190 camellia varieties and 20 Rhododendron varieties.

Historical development

Shortly after the liberation of Hangzhou, Yu Senwen, then director of Hangzhou Municipal Construction Bureau, proposed to build a modern botanical garden on the Bank of Xizi lake, which was supported and responded by Tan Zhenlin, Jianghua and other provincial and municipal leaders, relevant experts and professors.

In 1951, Hangzhou Construction Bureau put forward the idea of preparing to build Hangzhou Botanical Garden.

In 1952, Hangzhou incorporated the plan of establishing botanical garden into the outline of West Lake landscape architecture construction planning and reported it to the central government.

In 1953, Hangzhou Municipal Construction Committee adopted Professor Chen fenghuai's suggestion and determined the area from Yuquan to taoyuanling as the garden site. Sun Xiaoxiang, a professor of Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, was invited to design and draw a master plan of Hangzhou Botanical Garden.

In 1954, the central government approved the West Lake landscape construction planning report and included it in the national plan.

In 1955, the Preparatory Committee of Hangzhou Botanical Garden was established and attached to the Urban Construction Committee of Hangzhou.

In June 1956, the Preparatory Committee for Hangzhou Botanical Garden was established, and the preparatory work was gradually carried out by Yu Senwen, Luo Jietang and Zhang Shaoyao.

In September 1956, the first preparatory committee meeting of Hangzhou Urban Construction Commission was held. The number of members increased from 15 to 24. Yu Senwen is also the director. Chen fenghuai, Fu Boda, Wu Changchun and Zhang Yi are the deputy directors. The meeting studied and approved the master plan of the botanical garden and the design scheme of the classified area of the botanical garden, and formulated the short-term work plan and 12 year long-term plan.

In September 1957, the second Preparatory Committee of Hangzhou Urban Construction Commission was held, in which Yu Shuxun, Chen Junyu, Zhou Shoujuan and other experts were invited to participate. The policy and task of Hangzhou Botanical Garden and the preparation for its construction in the near future were discussed emphatically, and the Hangzhou Municipal People's Committee reported it to the provincial people's Committee.

In October 1957, Zhejiang Provincial People's Committee officially approved the report of Hangzhou Municipal People's Committee on the tasks, policies and leadership of the botanical garden.

In 1957, an open plant classification area was established.

In 1958, the maple Rhododendron Garden was built and opened.

In 1965, the scenic spot of Yuquan was completely rebuilt, and two groups of new sceneries, ancient Pearl Spring and clear sky drizzle pool, were built.

In July 1965, Hangzhou Botanical Garden was officially established. Yu Senwen, vice mayor of Hangzhou, was the first director of Hangzhou Botanical Garden.

From 1966 to 1976, the botanical garden was paralyzed, and its construction, scientific research, production and maintenance were seriously damaged.

After December 18, 1978 (the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee), after bringing order out of chaos, all undertakings in the park have been developed in an all-round way.

In 1992, wax plum garden was opened in the southwest corner of Lingfeng plum garden.

In 1997, an open forest park was built.

In 1999, the open peach garden was built.

In 2000, Yuquan scenic spot was expanded and rebuilt, which was divided into two areas: South Park and North Park.

On October 1, 2005, Han Meilin art museum was officially opened to the public.

geographical environment

Location context

Hangzhou Botanical Garden is located in taoyuanling, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, covering an area of 284.64 hectares. The center of the garden is located at 30 ° 15 ′ N and 120 ° 16 ′ E.

topographic features

The terrain in Hangzhou Botanical Garden is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with undulating waves in the middle. The altitude is between 10-165m, the hills and valleys alternate, and there are many pools.

geological conditions

The soil belongs to red soil and yellow soil with pH 4.9-6.5 and moderate fertility.

Major parks

overview

The open and perfect exhibition area of Hangzhou Botanical Garden covers an area of 115.6 hectares. According to different functions, it can be divided into: ornamental plant area (special garden), plant classification area, economic plant area and forest park. The ornamental plant area is composed of eight special gardens: Mulanshan tea garden, azalea Maple Garden, osmanthus and Lagerstroemia indica garden, peach garden, Lingfeng plum garden, Baicao garden, Shanshui garden and bamboo plant area.

Wintersweet Garden

Lingfeng wax plum garden is an important part of Lingfeng plum exploration scenic area. It is located in the southwest of Lingfeng scenic area. It covers an area of more than 20 mu and has more than 2200 clusters of Chimonanthus praecox, Chimonanthus praecox and Chimonanthus luminiferus. Among them, Chimonanthus praecox has more than 2000 clumps and more than 30 varieties, which are collected from Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang respectively. There are also varieties selected by botanical garden, and the flowering period is from the end of November to the next February. The flowering period of summer Chimonanthus praecox is may, and that of bright leaf Chimonanthus praecox is October December.

Tangmei in Lingfeng is one of the three places to enjoy plum blossoms in the West Lake in history. In the main scenery of Lingfeng plum garden, there are still six clusters of ancient Chimonanthus, which are relics of the former temple. In 1986, Chimonanthus praecox was one of the main plants besides Prunus mume.

There are more than 200 clumps of Chimonanthus praecox distributed in each block of Meiyuan. In 1991, a Chimonanthus praecox garden was built in the southwest of the parking lot, covering an area of more than 10 mu, with an increase of more than 1000 Chimonanthus praecox clumps. Since 2002, the planting range and varieties of wax plum garden in Lingfeng have increased year by year, forming a scale.

Rhododendron Garden

Rhododendron Garden is located next to Baicao garden, covering an area of 3 hectares. There are 25 kinds of Rhododendron, including spring Rhododendron, summer Rhododendron, Oriental Rhododendron, and more than 70 varieties. In the east of Rhododendron Garden, there is about 0.7 hectares of Rhododendron forest. The trees are high and the forest is deep, and the simple wooden house is set off among them, which is full of wild interest. Rhododendron Garden is full of green trees, exquisite products, lawn and colorful rhododendrons.

Maple Rhododendron Garden is located in the north gate of the botanical garden. It covers an area of 2 hectares. It was built and opened in 1958. The garden uses the original big trees such as Liquidambar formosana and beech family plants, and takes "viewing azalea in spring and appreciating maple red leaves in autumn" as the theme. It is equipped with maple and Rhododendron as the middle and lower layers of trees, lined with stacked stones, and set up Grassland and rest Pavilion. There are 21 kinds of Aceraceae Plants such as Acer pulcherrima, Acer henryi and Acer rubrum, and 18 Rhododendron varieties such as Maobai and zicalyx are planted.

Exploring plum in Lingfeng

Since its reconstruction and opening up in 1988, Lingfeng plum exploration scenic spot has improved the characteristic tour content of plum, and the annual Lingfeng plum exploration activity has attracted a lot of people. In fact, as early as in ancient Hangzhou, it was one of the three famous plum blossom resorts. According to the records, Jiufeng temple was built in the Wu and Yue states of the Five Dynasties. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was granted to the monks of Lingfeng temple to live in, mainly in Buddhism, until the Qingming Dynasty, which experienced several ups and downs. Until 1986, in order to meet the growing needs of tourism, the Municipal Bureau of garden culture invested 2 million yuan to rebuild the scenic area. After two years of construction, the scenic area was officially opened in 1988 when the plum blossom was in full bloom. The reconstructed Lingfeng scenic area covers an area of 150 mu. There are more than 5000 newly planted plum trees, including both fruit plum and flower plum. There are 45 varieties of 12 types in four categories of two lines. Fruit plum is mostly planted in the mountain area near Yaotai of Lingfeng plum garden, while flower plum is planted around the lawn according to different types and colors. There are also many ancient plum trees more than 100 years old. A horizontal green plum planted beside the Yunxiang pavilion has a cracked trunk and its name is "big leaf green". The tree age is more than 100 years. The Chimonanthus old piles on the west slope of juyueting are all over 100 years old. They are also relics of the original Lingfeng temple. They bloom early and wither late every year, with a flowering period of more than two months.

Yuquan fish jump

Yuquan is located in the north of the botanical garden, covering an area of 21 mu. It is one of the famous three springs in Hangzhou. It is named for its crystal clear and beautiful jade. Yuquan used to be a temple. It was built in the Jianyuan period of the Southern Song Dynasty and is called Yuquan temple. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, it was named Qinglian temple. During the reign of emperor Xianfeng, the temple was destroyed. Yuquan North Garden was rebuilt after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The South Garden used to be a residential area. In 2001, Hangzhou Garden Culture Bureau relocated the residential area and built the South Garden. The total area of Yuquan is 21 mu. The spring eye of Yuquan was first discovered in the Southern Song Dynasty, and has a history of 140 years

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