Jiangsong Villa

Luoyang Jiangsong villa is located on the east side of Xiangshan temple in Longmen Grottoes scenic area. In 1936, to celebrate Chiang Kai Shek's 50th birthday, the local government chose to build a two-story building on the south side of Xiangshan temple, known as Jiangsong villa On October 29th, 1936, he arrived in Luoyang (East Railway Station) by train from Xi'an in the name of "avoiding longevity". In fact, he deployed the plan of "suppressing the Communist Party in the northwest". On October 31st, he celebrated his 50th birthday in his villa with Zhang Xueliang, Yan Xishan and others. Later, he inspected Luoyang military academy, Luoyang Power Plant and heavy artillery troops. He and his wife Song Meiling went back and forth to Luoyang three times to appease Yan Xishan in Taiyuan, Han Fugui in Jinan, and Fu Zuoyi in Suiyuan. He left Luoyang for Xi'an in early December and stayed in Luoyang for 36 days. Most of them lived in Jiangsong villa of Xiangshan temple.

Jiangsong Villa

Jiangsong villa is the villa of Chiang Kai Shek and his wife Song Meiling.

In 1936, China was on the eve of a precarious war. Luoyang, which has always been a place for military strategists, also became an important military and political base at that time. In order to supervise the appeasement policy of "appeasement before resisting foreign invasion", Chiang Kai Shek personally arrived in Luoyang to deploy military affairs in the name of "avoiding longevity". In order to win the favor of Chiang Kai Shek and his wife Song Meiling, Zhu Shaozhou and Henan Provincial Government jointly built this Chinese and Western Building in the beautiful Longmen Xiangshan, which is known as "Chiang song villa" in history.

Jiangsong villa covers an area of more than 650 square meters, including more than 20 rooms, with a construction area of 816.0 square meters. Its appearance is a typical semi - reclining, clear water arcade loft architectural style.  

geographical position

Jiangsong villa, located in Xiangshan Temple of Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, opened on December 2, 2011. The opening of "Jiangsong villa" enriches the sightseeing projects of the scenic spot, and will become a new tourist highlight of the scenic spot.

Mr. Chen Weiping, vice chairman of Luoyang CPPCC and chairman of the democratic revolution, Comrade Wang Yongxing, Secretary of the Party Working Committee and director of the Management Committee of Luoyang Longmen Grottoes World Cultural Heritage Park, and other leaders of the park attended the opening ceremony of "Jiangsong villa".

Digging deep into historical remains to rebuild "Jiangsong villa"

Xiangshan temple in Longmen has a quiet ancient rhyme and misty Sanskrit. On the south side of the temple, a small green brick building looks elegant and simple under a ray of winter sunshine. There is a sign hanging above the main door of the small building. On the sign, Mr. Jiang Xiaoyan, vice chairman of the Kuomintang, inscribed the four characters of "Jiang song villa".

The Jiangsong villa in Xiangshan temple was built in 1936. Chiang Kai Shek, then chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Kuomintang, personally went to Luoyang to deploy military affairs in the name of "avoiding longevity". Zhu Shaozhou, who was then director of Luoyang Branch of the Central Army Academy of the Kuomintang and commander of the Luoyang regional police, joined hands with the Henan provincial government to build a Chinese and Western Building in the beautiful Longmen Xiangshan, known as Jiangsong villa in history. After 36 days of living here, Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling's wife, the villa was in a state of silence and had never been opened to the world for 75 years. "Jiangsong villa" is a relic of Xiangshan temple in a special period, which has very important historical value. In order to restore the historical style of the villa and make it present in front of you, the renovation project of Jiangsong villa was officially launched on October 6 this year.

architectural style

Chinese and Western style, solemn and quiet atmosphere

Jiangsong villa covers an area of more than 650 square meters, with a total of more than 20 rooms and a construction area of 816 square meters. It is a typical semi reclining, clear water Pavilion style building.

From the main entrance of the villa facing the Xishan Grottoes to the teak floor, you can see a 2-meter-wide and 10 meter long corridor. White walls and wooden floor, simple and generous, a solemn atmosphere.

Walking into the conference room on the right side of the corridor, there is a rectangular conference table in the middle, which is covered with a military green tablecloth, and a picture of Dr. Sun Yat Sen is hanging in front of the table. Facing the conference room, there is a reception hall of more than ten square meters, with teak floor and high-grade sofa. In the center of the living room, there is a thick carpet. In front of the living room, there is also a portrait of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, and on the side of the portrait is a plaque with four characters: "the world is for the public".

Walking up the stairs on the left side of the corridor is the place where Chiang Kai Shek and his wife live their daily lives. In front of them are the office, the bathroom and the bedroom. What I feel here is still a kind of serious atmosphere - dark wood structure, beautiful and unobtrusive staircase arc, showing elegant aristocratic style everywhere.

The layout of the office was simple and generous, and the bookcase contained books like Zizhitongjian that Chiang Kai Shek liked to read.

A small desk, small regular script pen, ink, Paperweight, etc. placed neatly. The bedroom is large, with an area of nearly 40 square meters. The inner curtain is white yarn and the outer curtain is dark green. The interior style is both Chinese and western. There are both Western gramophone and Chinese dressing table. Inside the bedroom is the guard room, and outside is a wide corridor. In front of the corridor is the Xishan grottoes of Longmen Grottoes. When the villa was completed, the front was open and the whole Xishan grottoes were in view. This is also the main place for Chiang Kai Shek to take a walk after he got up every morning.

Historical evolution

"Avoiding longevity" is actually "military admonition" caused by the quarrel over longevity

At that time, Chiang Kai Shek came to Luoyang to "avoid birthday", but in fact, the birthday celebration activities at that time were very extravagant. Not only that, but also behind the celebration. In these 36 days, Chiang Kai Shek has mainly done the following three major tasks: first, to win over the generals stationed in Luoyang. Chiang Kai Shek's main target was Zhu Shaozhou. Zhu Shaozhou was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. When Chiang Kai Shek launched the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, Zhu Shaozhou, who was stationed in Shanghai, became Chiang Kai Shek's confidant in addition to the armed forces of workers' pickets in Zhabei and Wusong. This time Chiang Kai Shek came to Luoyang to "avoid birthday". He not only carefully planned the birthday celebration activities, but also specially built villas in the beautiful Xiangshan Mountain, and changed the former Jiguang platform of Wu Peifu in the Western Engineering Battalion into "national birthday platform" as the viewing platform for birthday celebration. Second, to celebrate one's birthday. Chiang Kai Shek's 50th birthday in Luoyang was very grand. According to records, on October 31, 1936, military and political officials Yan Xishan, Zhang Xueliang, Fu Zuoyi, Liu Shi, Shang Zhen, Chen Cheng, Qian Dajun, Shao Lizi, Qian Zongze and others came to the scene to celebrate Chiang Kai Shek's birthday. The air force used 50 military aircraft to put a big word "Shou" over Luoyang. Chiang Kai Shek issued his 50th birthday speech "serving the country and thinking of his relatives", stressing that "to fight against foreign affairs, we must first settle down at home", and warning those soldiers who are not loyal to their duties and do not actively "suppress the Communist Party" to recognize the current situation. Third, admonish Zhang Xueliang. Zhang Xueliang's heart was extremely complicated when Chiang Kai Shek wantonly preached that "we must first settle down in order to get rid of foreign affairs". It is said that on the day of his birthday, Zhang Xueliang had bitterly admonished Chiang Kai Shek with tears in his eyes, hoping that he would stop the civil war and unite with the outside world. However, Chiang Kai Shek remained unmoved and severely reprimanded Zhang Xueliang. In November, Zhang Xueliang came to Luoyang again, and the two quarreled over the issue again. Perhaps it was this quarrel that made Zhang Xueliang see Chiang Kai Shek's obstinacy and finally decided to implement "military admonition" in Xi'an. Or, it was this quarrel that made Chiang Kai Shek see that Zhang Xueliang was not willing to carry out the order of "suppressing the Communist Party" and finally went to Xi'an to supervise the war on December 4 of that year.

The past will go away, and history should be remembered

On December 4 of that year, Chiang Kai Shek lived in the villa for 36 days and went to Xi'an. Eight days later, "Xi'an Incident" broke out. After the incident was settled peacefully, Zhang Xueliang accompanied Chiang Kai Shek and his wife back to Luoyang and then flew to Nanjing. Since then, Jiangsong villa has been completely silent, becoming the only evidence left by that period of history. What people did not expect is that during the cultural revolution, this villa became the "place of disaster" of General Yang Chengwu's family. It is said that at that time, the Yang Chengwu family was secretly detained here, and even the indoor windows were sealed. The Yang family still took the opportunity to sneak out. After seeing the Xishan Grottoes opposite, they knew it was Luoyang. After Yang Chengwu's family lived here for more than two years, Jiangsong villa was idle again. Since then, it has been a patriotic education base of the Communist Youth League and provincial Party committee, as well as an office for tourists.

Repair for later generations

In 2002, after the Xiangshan temple was put under the management of Longmen, it began to spend money to renovate it. However, at that time, the renovation only dealt with the appearance of the building, and there was no major change in the layout of the interior display.

The renovation in October 2011 is the largest so far. During the renovation of the villa, he received the help of senior media figures in Taiwan and relevant personnel from the Party History Office of the Kuomintang, as well as the support of Mr. Jiang Xiaoyan, the current Vice Chairman of the Kuomintang and the direct grandson of Chiang Kai Shek. Mr. Jiang Xiaoyan was very excited when he learned about the renovation of Jiangsong villa in Xiangshan temple in Luoyang. He thought that the renovation not only restored the history, but also made the later generations understand the special period further. To this end, he took time out of his busy schedule and happily inscribed a plaque for the villa.

Address: East of Xiangshan temple, Luolong District, Luoyang City, Henan Province

Longitude: 112.479419

Latitude: 34.553927

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Song Bie Shu