Dali Old City

Dali ancient city is also known as Yeyu City, Forbidden City and Zhonghe town. The history of the ancient city can be traced back to the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty. The Yangju baa city (near the Three Pagodas in the west of today's city) built by Luofeng in the Royal Pavilion of Nanzhao is its new capital. Today's ancient city was built in the 15th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1382 AD). There is a moat outside the ancient city. There are walls around the ancient city. There are gates in the East, West, South and North, with towers and turrets in the four corners. At the beginning of liberation, the city walls were demolished. In 1982, the south gate was rebuilt. The word "Dali" at the gate was composed of Guo Moruo's calligraphy. The streets in the city are of a typical checkerboard layout. There are some old houses in the streets and alleys, and the old style can still be found. The flowers and trees are scattered in the courtyard, the birds are singing, and the streams and canals are flowing outside. The scene of "three families with one well, one family with several potted flowers" remains.

Dali Old City

Dali ancient city is located in the west of Yunnan Province, also known as yeyucheng and Zicheng. The history of the ancient city can be traced back to the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty. Yangju baa City, built by Luofeng in the Royal Pavilion of Nanzhao, is its new capital. The ancient city was built in 1382, covering an area of 3 square kilometers.

Dali is one of the first 24 famous historical and cultural cities in China announced by the State Council on February 8, 1982.

Dali ancient city is the political, economic and cultural center of Yunnan in the Tang and Song Dynasties for more than 500 years. There are 14 key cultural relics protection units at or above the municipal level distributed in the ancient city, bearing the historical culture, religious culture and national culture of Dali. It is the core area of Dali tourism.

In October 2019, he was selected into the first "small town aesthetic model" list.

Historical evolution

In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, Yeyu county was set up and subordinate to Yizhou county.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Dali successively established two local regimes, Nanzhao and Dali. In 739, Taihe city was chosen as its capital by Nanzhao state. Taihe city is divided into outer city and inner city. There are two walls in the outer city, North and south. The west end of the two walls is connected at the top of King Kong Mountain. The south wall is about 3350 meters long and extends eastward; the north wall is about 3225 meters long.

In 779, the great grandson of piroge moved the capital city to baa City, the old city of Dali.

In the second year of Tang Tianfu (902), Zheng Maisi, a powerful minister of Nanzhao, seized power and established "dachanghe state". In the first year of Nanzhao Tianying (927), Yang ganzhen supported Zhao Shanzheng to establish "Da Tian Xing Guo", and then established himself as king and "Da Yi Ning Guo".

In the second year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (937), Duan Siping established his capital in baa City, Yangju, and established his country as Dali.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Dali was destroyed and the city was destroyed by war.

In 1382, the Ming army conquered Dali. Dali road was changed to Dali government, which still governed Taihe County and built a new city, the ancient city of Dali.

In 1982, the nanchengmen gate was rebuilt. The character "Dali" at the gate was composed of Guo Moruo's calligraphy.

On February 8, 1982, the State Council announced Dali as one of the first 24 famous historical and cultural cities in China.

In April 2019, the southwest tourism area alliance jointly launched by eight units including Dali ancient city of Yunnan Province was established in Chengdu Wuhou Temple Museum.

geographical environment

Location context

Dali ancient city is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, at the southern end of Hengduan Mountains, under Cangshan Mountain and on the shore of Erhai Lake. Its center is located at 25 ° 41 ′ 26 ″ N and 100 ° 9 ′ 45 ″ e. the ancient city covers an area of 3 square kilometers.

Climatic characteristics

Dali ancient city is located in the windward area of the southwest monsoon zone of the bay of Bengal, which belongs to the subtropical plateau monsoon climate type. It has the following climatic characteristics: moderate cold and heat, mild climate, small annual temperature range and large daily temperature range. The dam area belongs to the monsoon climate zone of the north subtropical plateau. The annual average temperature is 15.1 ℃, the average temperature of the hottest month is 20.1 ℃, the average temperature of the coldest month is 8.7 ℃, the average annual temperature range is 11.4 ℃, and the daily temperature range is 11.6 ~ 13.1 ℃.

Dali ancient city has more sunshine, sunny weather in winter and spring, more sunshine hours, rainy days in summer and autumn, less sunshine hours.

topographic features

Dali ancient city is located in Erhai faulted basin. Its surface is mostly covered by proluvial alluvium, which slopes slowly from west to East. It is an alluvial lacustrine plain with an average altitude of less than 2000 meters. The terrain of Dali ancient city is low in the East and high in the West.

Main attractions

overview

Dali ancient city is the political, economic and cultural center of Yunnan in Tang and Song dynasties. There are many cultural relics and historic sites in the ancient city. The city pattern is basically preserved, and important sites can be identified. As of 2013, there are 14 key cultural relics protection units above the municipal level in the ancient city.

Cultural relics

City Building

1. Literature building

The literature building was built in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty. On the front of the building is the plaque of "famous literature state" inscribed on the partial drawing of Yunnan governor in the 40th year of Kangxi (1701), so it is named literature building. The document building is a two-story Xieshan style dysprosium building with typical Bai architectural features.

2. Wuhua Building

Wuhua Building was the first state guesthouse of Nanzhao king. When Kublai Khan conquered Dali, he once stationed in front of the building. In the early years of Ming Dynasty, Wuhua Building was burned down in the war. During the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, when the ancient city of Dali was rebuilt, the bell and Drum Tower was built on the former site of Wuhualou, which was far less than the Wuhualou of Nanzhao.

 

3. Nancheng building

Nancheng tower is called Shuanghe tower, also known as Chengen tower. Nanchengmen is the first of the four gates of the ancient city. It was built in 1382, the 15th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. It is the oldest and majestic building in the ancient city and the symbol and symbol of Dali ancient city. The ancient city wall is about 1500 meters long, 6 meters high and 12 meters thick. The word "Dali" on the city gate was mentioned by Guo Moruo himself when he visited Dali in 1961. "Dali" is a national name, which means "governing Dali, enriching the country and rejuvenating the country".

 

4. Beicheng building

Beicheng building, also known as "Anyuan building". The north gate, also known as "Anyuan gate" and "three tower gate", was built in 1382 and is one of the four gates in the ancient city. The roof of the tower adopts the high-level double eaves Xieshan style of Chinese palace buildings, retaining the architectural style of the Ming Dynasty.

 

Ancient academy

1. Xiyun Academy

Xiyun academy is located in the ancient city area of Dali city and the first middle school of Dali city. Built in the Qing Dynasty, the Academy was originally Yang Yuke's private residence. Xiyun academy is not only a university with a long history, but also a typical ancient building in Dali. It is of great value to study the history of Dali education, the history of the late Qing Dynasty and the ancient garden.

 

2. Dalifu Examination Institute

Located in the east of the north section of Boai road in Dali ancient city, Dali examination institute was the place for examination of children in Northwest Yunnan in Qing Dynasty. Dali examination institute was built in the Ming Dynasty. It was originally built in the northwest corner of Dali city. It was moved to the current site in 1871. In 1985, it was announced as one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units by Dali Municipal People's government.

 

Ancient temple

1. Catholic Church

Dali ancient city Catholic Church is the Central Church radiating West Yunnan parish. The church was built between 1927 and 1932 by Yan Meizhang (Chinese name), the legal person priest of the Foreign Missionary Association of Paris. The church faces east and West and is composed of a gate, a passage, a second gate and a chapel. The main building is a platform beam structure, with double-layer walls on the outside, painted caisson on the top, arched gate, overhanging eaves on the top of the hill, and two doors connected with the church. In front of the hall is a gatehouse, double decked, high in the middle and low at both ends. It is built in the form of solid wood structure of Bai nationality, with eaves overhanging by lions, elephants, dragons, phoenixes and other auspicious beasts. In 1985, it was announced as the key cultural relics protection unit of Dali City by the people's Government of Dali city.

 

2. Governor's Church

Dali Ancient City Christian Church was built by missionary Han Chunzhong in 1914 (1904). At that time, it was called "Chinese Christian Church", and in 1956, it was renamed "Dali Christian Church". In 1980, it was renamed "Dali Ancient City Christian Church". In 2004, it was renamed as "Dali Ancient City Christian Church". The church sits from north to South and enters the East-West two doors, the chapel, the prayer room and the bell tower on the roof from the stone arched gate. The main structure of the church is a civil structure with a four pointed tile roof and four walls made of stone. In 2008, it was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit.

 

Dali Three Pagodas

The Three Pagodas of Chongsheng temple, also known as the "Three Pagodas of Dali", are one of the famous Buddhist pagodas in China. They are located under yingle peak of Cangshan Mountain, 1.5km to the north of Dali. The base of the Three Pagodas of Chongsheng temple is square, surrounded by stone railings. Stone lions are carved on the four corner capitals of the railings. In the middle of the eastern side, there is a stone wall with the four characters of "Yongzhen mountains and rivers". The main tower of the three pagodas is called Qianxun pagoda. It is a square 16 story tower with dense eaves. The bottom is 9.9 meters wide and the height is 69.13 meters. The top of the tower has a copper covered bowl and a Tasha on it. It is a typical building of the Tang Dynasty with the big and small wild goose pagodas in Xi'an.

 

The three pagodas were listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 1961. nineteen

Chinese PinYin : Da Li Gu Cheng