Fengqing Confucian Temple

Confucious'Temple

synonym

Fengqing Confucian temple generally refers to the Confucian Temple (Fengqing County, Yunnan Province)

Confucian temple is a temple building commemorating and offering sacrifices to Confucius, a great thinker, statesman and educator in China. It is also called Confucius Temple, Zhisheng temple, Xianshi temple, Xiansheng temple and Wenxuan King Temple in the change of dynasties, especially in the name of "Confucian Temple". Due to the important role of Confucianism created by Confucius in maintaining the stability of social rule, the feudal dynasties of all dynasties revered Confucius very much, and took the building of temples and offering sacrifices to Confucius as a national event. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, every state, government and county had Confucius temples or Confucian Temples.

Confucian temple is the most prominent type of ancient Chinese architecture, which is an extremely important part of ancient Chinese cultural heritage. Among them, Nanjing Confucius Temple, Qufu Confucius Temple, Beijing Confucius Temple and Jilin Confucian temple are known as China's four major Confucian temples.

Historical origin

Fengqing Confucian temple, located in Fengqing County, Yunnan Province, is a memorial building dedicated to Confucius, the pioneer of traditional Chinese culture and the founder of Confucian school. The whole building covers an area of about 12000 square meters. It is composed of Mingfeng Pavilion, Chongsheng hall, Dacheng hall, Lingxing gate, Longmen, etc. with reasonable layout and exquisite skills, it has a high level of architectural art and historical research value. It is the historical and cultural center of Fengqing Witness of development.

Cultural relics protection

Fengqing Confucian temple is a provincial cultural relic protection unit and the second largest existing Confucian temple in Yunnan Province.

It was built in the Ming Dynasty

Fengqing Confucian temple was built in 1606 at the east foot of Hushan mountain in the south of the city (now the site of Fengqing No.1 Middle School). In 1669 (the eighth year of Kangxi's reign) and 1873 (the twelfth year of Tongzhi's reign) of the Qing Dynasty, the buildings were relocated twice and repaired many times. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was the place where feudal rulers, dignitaries and literati worshiped Confucius.

Main building

Fengqing Confucian temple is located in the west of Fengcheng City, covering an area of 12000 square meters. There are main buildings such as panchi, jinshengyuzhenfang, lingxingmen, dachengmen, Liangwei, dachengdian, chongshengci, kuixingge, etc. it is a group of ancient buildings with Oriental architectural characteristics and large scale, which are symmetrical along the central axis and step by step. With reasonable layout, exquisite craftsmanship and high artistic level and historical value, the whole complex is a witness to the development of Fengqing culture and a famous scenic spot in Fengqing.

Scenic Spots and Historical Sites

Panchi:

Panshui is the moat water outside the imperial palace. Panshui refers to Confucius as noble as the emperor.

Jinshengyuzhenfang (commonly known as Longmen)

Jinshengyuzhenfang was built in the 28th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. On each of the four stone pillars, there is an ancient carved monster named "bitianxie", commonly known as "chaotianhou". On both sides of the square, there are light sculptures of clouds and dragons playing with pearls.

In the East, the two couplets are engraved with "Han River" and "Qiu Yang", while in the west, the two couplets are engraved with "Jin Sheng" and "Yu Zhen". Jinsheng is an ancient musical instrument. Here we praise Confucius' thought as a piece of music with a beginning and an end. There is a saying that a fish leaps over the dragon's gate. When you walk through Longmen and jinshengyuzhenfang. It is like feeling and comprehending the perfection of Confucianism.

Lattice star gate:

Lingxingmen is the spirit star (the spirit beside the wooden characters), also known as tiantianxing In ancient times, the first thing to offer sacrifices to heaven was to offer sacrifices to the spirit stars. Confucius Temple set the Lingxing gate as the first side gate, that is to say, respecting Confucius is the same as respecting heaven. There are four Lingxing gates, three Ying gates, stone brick columns, flame jewels carved on the forehead, and three big characters "Lingxing gate" written by Emperor Qianlong. In order to praise the far-reaching influence of Confucius' Thought on our society, the later generations used the eight characters of "virtue matches the heaven and earth, and the way dominates the ancient and modern times" to praise Confucius' thought. Just like the heaven and earth, his idea is the best for both ancient and modern times. Therefore, Lingxing gate is designated as the first partial gate of Confucius Temple.

Dachengmen

Dacheng gate is the last gate of Confucius Temple. "Dacheng" is Mencius' evaluation of Confucius. Mencius said: "Confucius is jidacheng", praising Confucius for reaching the highest level of integrating ancient sages and sages. The three gates stand side by side, the yuzhenfang gate on the left and the jinshengmen gate on the right. The middle gate is dedicated to Confucius and his wife. It is said that the middle gate can only be opened when the emperor comes to offer sacrifices. It is also said that it can only be opened when he wins the champion. (dachengmen was called Yimen in Song Dynasty) dachengmen got its name from dachengdian.

Two verandas: (double called North and South Wing room)

The houses on the north and south sides of Dacheng hall are called two verandas, commonly known as the north and South Wing rooms. It is the place where later generations worship the 72 sages of Confucius students and the famous figures in the later Confucian school.

Dacheng Hall:

Dacheng hall is not only the main hall of Confucius Temple, but also the core of Confucius Temple. It is 16 meters high, 13 meters deep and 18.1 meters wide. The three golden characters of "Dacheng hall" are written by Yongzheng emperor of Qing Dynasty. Dacheng hall, Taihe Hall of National Palace Museum and song tiandian Hall of Dai Temple are also called the three Oriental halls.

The statue of Confucius is worshipped in the middle of Dacheng hall, and two couplets are hung on both sides, which read: "the Deguan people go back to the heaven to open the xianzun's head, and the Daolong group of saints worship Dacheng.". In 2003, the second copy was "three thousand miles of Cangjiang River, warm days and cold stars, leaving many stories, 80000 households in Bomen, Mei yunzhufeng, writing a spring and Autumn Annals", which was written by Li Guowei, Secretary of the municipal Party committee, and handwritten by Feng Guoyu, a calligrapher of Jiushi province. To the north of the gate is a yong bell cast in the year of Jiaqing. Only when important festivals and pious guests arrive, will the bell ring.

Chongsheng Temple:

Chongsheng temple was built in 1723, the first year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, for the purpose of honoring Confucius' ancestors of the Five Dynasties as king. It is a place where Confucius' parents and ancestors are worshipped and sacrificed. Like Dacheng hall, Chongsheng temple also has four sacrificial rites and five worshippers. The four sacrificial rites are the biological father of the outstanding students after Confucius and the five worshippers are the biological father of the outstanding people in the Confucian lineage.

Chongsheng temple was rebuilt as an auditorium of the cultural and industrial team and was restored in August 2006. In the temple, the statues of Confucius' ancestors and those who were worshipped by Si Pei and Wu Cong are under construction.

Kuixin pavilion

Kuixing Pavilion, also known as Mingfeng Pavilion, was built in 1892. It is the highest point in the county. It has three floors, 16 meters high and 11 meters wide. It has six corners and a sharp top. The bottom floor is square. The whole structure of the building is dexterous, with a broad mind. Zheng Xianyang once wrote a couplet: "to a higher level, you can see pinglezhang in the East, Longqiu in the south, fengxiu in the west, and pantuo in the north. Kuangfu is surrounded by fireworks in Shuangcheng, and Yunshan is surrounded by a hundred Li scenery. Looking back to the past, you can think of Yaozhou in the Tang Dynasty, Qingdian in the Song Dynasty, tufu in the Yuan Dynasty, Liuguan in the Ming Dynasty, Mengshi's solitary loyalty, Shangshu Festival, and Qianqiu history." The couplet was destroyed during the cultural revolution.

Confucian temple stele forest

The memorial tablet of the Ming Dynasty death Festival

In the spring of the first year of the recovery of the Republic of China, Li Jun, the second division commander of Yunnan Province, issued a Quan Xi. He was in charge of the main room of Zhaozhong ancestral hall in Gaogu county city of Zhang Junhan in shunning, and set up a special niche to worship Gong Gong, the Minister of the Ministry of family affairs. Since Li Zhu offered an Chengli to solicit essays and made clear to all generations, he did not dare to write without words. He said: whoo! The death of the public, the state affairs can be described as loyal, generous, without regret!

In the first year of Chongzhen, he became a Jinshi. He was a doctor in the military department of Nanyi. He saw that Shigong Kefa of the cabinet department of Qige made an official mission to Guilin. But he did not return to Guilin, so Nandu fell. Yongli emperor established himself in Zhaoqing and left him to replace Qu Gong of the cabinet department. After the plane service had been completed, he returned to Yunnan temporarily. He met with Yang Gongwei of jincangdao. He knew Mu Gong Tianbo, the Duke of Qian, and married his grandchildren with great righteousness.

Related allusions

From Yongchang to the provincial capital, Gong Mu was ordered by Yang Gongyu. He promoted the Minister of the Ministry of war, transferred to the Minister of the Ministry of accounts, and went to Yunnan to fight for the soldiers' salaries in Southwest China. He did not collect the information and moved to Burma. He could not catch up with Yang Gongyu. He hid in the mountains and got the letter of the state of Li Yu, king of Jin. He knew that the emperor was there. He said that the chieftains had set up troops, the local magistrate of Yuanjiang, Na song, and the people of Gongmen He who falls in haste has no success.

Wu Sangui had led his army to Burma, sent the emperor out, and carried him to the east to the end of the road. When he arrived at Kunming, he had wine and food to serve the emperor, but he refused. He said in a fierce voice: "I am his minister, and the righteousness of the emperor and his ministers is the same in the north and south. I only see him, why refuse me?" For the guardian, Qi Sangui, Xu Zhi. When the Duke came to the audience, Chen Xi Tang asked the emperor to go out of the court. After the ceremony, the Emperor gave thanks. He cried bitterly and couldn't drink. The Duke also fell on the ground and couldn't cry. He advised the emperor to drink again. The emperor encouraged him to drink the three barons. The Duke cried again. His eyes were bloody and he died. The emperor was shocked and the audience was pathetic. On March 18, the first year of Kangxi, the emperor was also killed.

the Republic of China era

Wuhu, appointed as a minister, he was forced to ask for help because of his father's difficulties. If he didn't help, he died in his own body and didn't look down on the land of climbing beard. All the loyal ministers and martyrs in ancient times took it, but the public's tolerance was generous. The judge said, when his heart is bitter, he will not be able to bear the light. He is recommended by the society to encourage the education. However, he said, there are still those who falsely name the latrine Lord and attach his grandson to Wu. I don't know that Yang Mu and his grandson are promising, that is, the opportunity of Guangwu to use the red browed bronze horse, but the luxury of attaching them is promising The argument is self-evident.

Shunning is about 200 li away from the city. The grasshoppers and the skyscrapers are so steep that the lines of the skyscrapers are broken. When he was a boy, he once chiseled a house to study. His works are marvelous, and Xiao Qi is a man. Unfortunately, they are all lost. The only one left is the stele of the temple in the north of the city

Chinese PinYin : Feng Qing Wen Miao