Liyang old street

Liyang old street

Today, the old market in Liyang Town, Tunxi District, Huangshan City is across the river from Tunxi Old Street. Tunxi Old Bridge (formerly known as Zhenhai bridge) is the only channel between them. To the south of the old bridge, passing a Xizhen bridge across a stream called hedixi, is Liyang old street. The bridge extends from Xizhen in the east to the southwest, with a total length of 1200 meters. Liyang street is divided into upper Liyang and lower Liyang. At the first floor of a middle school apartment, there is an old road Pavilion called "new pavilion", which is the dividing line between upper and lower Liyang. In 2010, most of the old houses no longer exist, but there are still a few Hui Style houses with Huizhou traditional style and old houses with Shikumen style of the Republic of China. From generation to generation, the old Tunxi people's saying "there is a Tunxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and a Liyang in the Tang and Song Dynasties" tells us the weight of Liyang in the heart of Yucheng.

Liyang old street

"There is a Tunxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and a Liyang in the Tang and Song dynasties." this is a common saying handed down from generation to generation by the old Tunxi people. It tells us the weight of Liyang in the heart of Yucheng.

brief introduction

Liyang old street is located in Lishan community, Liyang Town, Tunxi District, Huangshan City, facing Tunxi Old Street across the river. Tunxi Old Bridge (formerly known as Zhenhai bridge) is the only channel between them. After passing the old bridge, there is a stream in front of it called Hedi stream. After passing the Xizhen bridge on Hedi stream, it is Liyang old street.

Liyang old street, extending from Xizhen bridge in the east to the southwest, is numbered 1-273 in 1985. Liyang street is divided into upper Liyang street and lower Liyang street. There is an old road Pavilion called "new pavilion" on the first floor of today's No.1 Middle School's student apartment, which is the dividing line between upper and lower Liyang street. The number on the north side is even. Among them, No. 2, No. 4 and No. 8 are old style wooden facade rooms. No. 12 is Shijia mansion, No. 18 is Li's medical residence, No. 28 and No. 30 is Jia's mansion. These three ancient residences are basically well preserved, and are the highlights of Liyang old street. The wooden door shops that are lined with Shikumen in the north also have no. 20-26, No. 32-38, No. 68-94, No. 114-120. There are 27, 31-45, 53, 54, 81-111 and so on in the South wooden door store. There are many lanes on both sides of Liyang street, including Lixin lane, Linong lane, Luchang lane, Liyang Lane (Chenjia Lane) and Chaoyang Lane in the north, Shuguang lane, liming lane, Lizhong lane, Guangming lane, Lihong Lane (Jingchang Lane), Shengtian Lane (Tongtian Lane), Lichuan lane, Shaojia lane and Hongxing Lane (Hell Gate) in the south.

Now, with the official launch of Huangshan International Center Project in 2010, the old street has changed beyond recognition. It will be the ruins of Liyang old street and the modern antique tourist block.

Historical Yearbook

Liyang county (later changed to Liyang) was set up in the 13th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 208), which belongs to Xindu county. Xindu county was changed to Xin'an County in the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 280-289), from which Xinanjiang got its name. In 562, Liyang County merged with Haining County twice. In the third year of Chen Tianjia's reign (562 AD), Liyang county was withdrawn and merged into Haining county (now Xiuning). According to the notes of Xiuning County in the new Annals of the Tang Dynasty: "in the first year of Yongtai (765), the people of the state refused to protect themselves from mountain risks. In the second year, the thief was even, because of the analysis, he was set up in Guide county. " According to the records of Huanyuji Xin'an annals, the abandoned Guide county was 50 Li southwest of the county. In the first year of Yongtai, the grass bandit Fang was captured in the county city, and the people of the county took separate control of the eight townships. From the analysis of azimuth distance, guide county is also in Liyang. Since then, it has been a dependency of Xiuning County. After Xiuning was named in 598, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, Liyang belonged to a township of Xiuning County. Tunxi was a capital of Liyang township. Tunxi is also known as the sixteen capitals of Liyang in Xiuning County.

The geographical location of "the intersection of the two rivers and the thoroughfare of the three provinces" has made Liyang a commercial center in the border areas of Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces and an important wharf town in Xin'anjiang for thousands of years. It is said that "Tunxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Liyang in the Tang and Song Dynasties".

Liyang Town, which was formed by the merger of Liyang Township, longfu Township and Jianzhong Township in the spring of 1992, has 8 villages and 5 communities with a total population of 31389. The total area of the town is 22.89 square kilometers, with 6400 mu of arable land and 13000 mu of mountain farm.

Collection of historical relics

Liyang county has a history of 1800 years. Is ancient Liyang the old street of Liyang now? If not, where is it? According to the author's many years of investigation, the earliest Liyang county is located in the "Jinshan" of the meteorological observatory and Huangshan University. There are several bases

be equally good at offence and defense

1、 The county town and County town of one or two thousand years ago are different from the city of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Its main function is the castle garrisoned by the government and the garrison. There are not a large number of residential buildings and commercial streets, so its scope is small. In order to meet the needs of safety and security, it is generally located on the mountain near the river where there are risks to guard. For example, Shexian county was first located in wuliao mountain; Xiuning County was first located in "Lingniao mountain in the east of Sanli village, erliyang village in the west of today's county", and later "moved to Wansui mountain" in 258 ad during the Three Kingdoms period. Lingniao mountain is now Fenghuang mountain, and Wansui mountain is today's ancient city rock. Both mountains face the Hengjiang River, and both have traces of steep and dangerous man-made excavation. Jinshan is adjacent to Chanxi in the north and Liushui in the southeast. Except for the parts connected with Qianshan Mountains, it is surrounded by steep rock slopes with obvious traces of manual excavation. It should be pointed out that more than 1000 years ago, Liushui flowed close to Xiaolongshan, zhuboshan and Jinshan, and converged with Hengjiang River at the foot of Huashan. Now, every time there is a flood, standing on the approach bridge of Liushui River Bridge in Liyang, Liushui river is ancient The Tao will reappear. Jinshan is superior to the three mountains mentioned above in terms of both danger and water.

Textual research on cultural relics

When "Jinshan" went to Huangshan college to build a residential area, the author found some black pottery pieces and some rough porcelain bowls from the northern and Southern Dynasties in the construction site, which indicated that Jinshan had been inhabited for a long time.

Geography and Humanities

Qianshanling (or qianshanling) was called "chengshanling" in ancient times, that is, the mountain where Tunxi crematorium is located is originally connected with Jinshan, which is the ancient "Chengshan". But later, due to the diversion of water and the expansion of the urban area, the small city mountain could not accommodate it, and Liyang City moved to the area of Liyang street. "Chengshan" exists in name but is dead. In addition to the age-old and phonetic evolution, "Chengshan" becomes "Qianshan" and then "Jinshan".

As for when the county town of Liyang moved to the old street of Liyang, there is no written record in history. We only hope that there will be new archaeological evidence in the development of Liyang. However, no matter from what angle, Liyang old street is 1800 years old. It is much older than Tunxi Old Street.

So it's a big family

Wang Gong's sacrificial activities

There were many temple fairs around Tunxi in ancient times, such as February 8 in Maanshan, zhanchuan, September 9 in Xixi town in the East, and September 13 in Shangshan. However, the temple fair has the longest date, unique projects and great influence on the sacrificial activities of Wanggong temple in Liyang old street. The sacrificial activities of Wanggong temple in Liyang started from the beginning of August of the lunar calendar, and the drum fighting team toured to the end of the meeting on August 13, which lasted for 13 days. The length of a temple fair is rare. There are eleven Bodhisattvas worshipped in Wanggong Temple Fair: Wanggong, old Guandi (Guanyu) and new Guandi (Guanping); three marshals: Marshal Cheng, marshal Ren and marshal Zhao; three others are rich generals, two prime ministers, eight emperors, nine prime ministers and Xianfeng Yang. Each Bodhisattva has a leader, who is responsible for the collection of the Bodhisattva's costumes and the formation of a "battle drum team": it is composed of a leader who plays flute and 10 to 20 drummers, some of whom are part-time leaders.

Before the first day of August, temple fairs appointed people to collect money from businesses, rich families and ordinary people in Tunxi. The average store owner and rich family should pay two yuan silver, while the average household should pay two to four jiao. In addition, all kinds of robes and blinded umbrellas of various Bodhisattvas are also used to mobilize rich families to donate. For example, at the 1923 temple fair, the Chenghong family of Sanmen made cotton padded jacket, white armor and white umbrellas for the pioneer sheep sanshe people. In return, during the temple fair, the pioneers went to Hong's house to exorcise evil spirits and attract wealth. Because of this, marshal Zhao, who is also the God of wealth, has a lot of clothes. There are five blinded umbrellas.

On the night of the first day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar, eleven drum fighting teams played in the streets and alleys of the major villages around Tunxi. It was not only the forecast of the temple fair, but also the process of collecting money. This process lasted until the tenth day of the eighth month for ten consecutive nights. From the ninth day of August, they performed for three days and three nights in jingyangtan in front of Wanggong temple and xuanban in front of jiuxianggong temple. In the early morning of August 11, a group of people carrying the Qingdao flag and beating the Gong went up and down to liyang to inform the households to clean the streets and prepare for the Bodhisattva's journey. In the afternoon, each Bodhisattva is led by his own assembly leader, and a team composed of Yougong, centipede flag, triangle flag, three eye blunderbuss, hundred leaf parasol and battle drum is on a tour. The tour starts from Jingyang beach in front of Wanggong temple in Liyang, goes up to Gaojian, goes down Liyang street, crosses the old bridge, passes Tunxi Old Street, and returns to Jiangxi guild hall (north of stone memorial archway in today's old street). Some shops along the street set off firecrackers to welcome them, while others donated two silver coins. On the morning of August 13, the gate of Wanggong Temple opened and the sacrifice began. All the activities of the ceremony were performed by those of Wang's descendants. The scene of offering sacrifices to Wang Gong was solemn and dignified. In the middle of the main hall, a throne surrounded by a red cloth table was placed

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