Zhencheng building

Among the Hakka Earth Buildings in Yongding, many of them are designed according to the eight diagrams, and the chromium seal of traditional Chinese culture is deeply engraved in them. The most typical representative is Zhencheng building. Qianmen is "Xun Gua", while Qianmen is "Qian Gua". The outer building circle has 4 floors, 48 rooms on each floor and 6 rooms on each hexagram; each hexagram has a staircase as a unit; the two Hexagrams are connected by arches. Once the thief enters the house, once the hexagram door is closed, the turtle can be caught in the urn.

Zhencheng building

Zhencheng building is located in the central and southern part of hongkeng village, Hukeng Town, Yongding County, Longyan City, Fujian Province. It was built in 1912 by Lin Hongchao brothers, the 21st generation of hongkeng Lin family. Commonly known as Bagua building, it is famous for its magnificence and exquisite interior space design. Its local architectural style and the colors used in the gate, interior wall, ancestral hall and flower wall boldly adopt the principle of diversity and unity emphasized by western architectural aesthetics, reaching a very high aesthetic realm. It can be called a masterpiece of native land residential buildings combining Chinese and western. The building faces south and covers an area of about 5000 square meters. It is composed of two concentric rings. Outer ring civil structure, 4 stories high, 57.2m in diameter, inner corridor type. It is divided into inner and outer circles. There are four outer rings with 48 rooms on each floor, which are built completely according to the layout of "Eight Diagrams" in the book of changes, with 6 rooms on each.

Zhencheng building is known as "the Pearl of oriental architecture" and "the most magnificent round building".

Architecture Overview

The unique and ingenious architectural design, scientific and complete function setting, the perfect combination of Chinese and Western architecture, exquisite production skills and rich cultural connotation make Zhencheng building known as the "Pearl of oriental architecture".

The magnificent Zhencheng building is built according to the concept of eight trigrams. There is a firewall between the trigrams. Like other earth buildings, it faces south to regulate Yin and Yang. Each hexagram and the first floor of the inner floor are in the form of northern courtyard. The layout of facilities in the whole building not only has the impression of Suzhou gardens, but also has the characteristics of ancient Greek architecture. It can be called a wonderful combination of Chinese and Western architecture. In 1995, its architectural model and the temple of heaven in Beijing participated in the Los Angeles World Architecture Exhibition as representatives of China's north-south circular architecture, which caused a sensation. Longanwei in Wulong Hakka style garden in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, was built by imitating Zhencheng building in the ratio of 1:1.

Historical evolution

builder

Zhencheng building was built by the descendants of Lin zaiting, the 19th generation of Lin family in hongkeng village, Hukeng Town, Yongding County, Longyan City, Fujian Province.

The entrepreneurial history of Lin family

The rise of tobacco industry made the Lin family accumulate wealth.

Lin zaiting's family was poor at that time, and he had three sons. His eldest son was named Deshan, his second son was named Zhongshan, and his third son was named Renshan. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, in order to avoid war, he led Sanzi to Fushi's family in Yongding to study the art of smoking knife.

As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, China introduced tobacco from the Philippines, known as ruicao at that time, and then Yongding County, also known as Nanxiong tobacco, from Nanxiong region. At that time, tobacco became an important part of the economic income of the region. At that time, Lin's three brothers saw the opportunity when tobacco was popular in other countries. They seized the opportunity and went back to their hometown hongkeng to run their own business. They started with three silver dollars and set up the first tobacco knife factory with the name of "Risheng". The three brothers worked hard and United for the purpose of quality and reputation. In the past three years, they have set up more than 10 factories in neighboring villages. The boss is responsible for quality inspection in each factory, the second is responsible for outsourcing, and the third is responsible for sales promotion. Because of its unique technology, low price and good quality, the products are popular all over the country. After years of hard work, the three brothers set up sales outlets in Guangzhou, Shanghai and other cities, and finally became tycoons.

After the three brothers became rich, they built bridges, roads, pavilions and schools everywhere, and did a lot of public welfare for their neighbors. In 1923, President Li Yuanhong of the Republic of China presented a plaque with the seal of "Li Dang Guan".

The three brothers spent another 200000 yuan to build a mansion style square earth building, Fuyu building. According to the layout of high, middle, low, left, middle and right doors, brothers can not only live on the first floor, but also form a unit. It's not only separated but also combined. It's very characteristic. It's rated as the square earth building with the most local characteristics by Fujian Province. Now it's a cultural relic protection unit and a tourist spot in Yongding County.

Invest in Education

The first thing my brothers thought about was education, because at that time the countryside was backward and there were no schools in the front and back villages. After the separation of the three brothers, the second elder Zhong Shan built a Guanghan school at the entrance of hongkeng village, which is now Xiacun primary school. In 1903, sanrenshan built an antique school, Rixin school, at the head of hongkeng village. At that time, Zhang Xingbing, the Grand Master of Tingzhou Prefecture, wrote the inscription for the school: "linshimeng school". It still exists today. The couplet of xuetangmen is: "xunmong is patriotic and aspires to learn for the new people.".

Construction of Zhencheng building

After that, the eldest and the second died one after another, and the third wanted to build a huge earth round building by himself. Unfortunately, he died because of overwork. In order to inherit his father's ambition, Renshan's second son, Lin Hongchao, also known as Xunzhi, was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty (later a central senator of the Republic of China). He studied the book of changes, music, chess, poetry and painting all his life. He designed and invited his uncle and several brothers to jointly build Zhencheng building. Zhencheng building is named in memory of the father and son of Fu Chenggong and PI Zhengong.

Zhencheng building was built in 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China). It took five years and 80000 ocean to build because it was located in deep mountains and forests and had inconvenient transportation.

In 1988, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Yongding County. In March 1991, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Fujian Province. Since its opening to the outside world in 1990, it has received experts, scholars and tourists from more than 30 countries and regions to visit and investigate. It is known as "the unique mythical mountain earth building in the world".

Architectural structure

The roof has two sides of sloping tile, and the mixed timber frame of crossing bucket and lifting beam. According to the eight trigrams principle of the Chinese traditional book of changes, the building is divided into eight units by a green brick fire wall. The building is divided into eight equal parts in a radial shape, implying the eight trigrams of Qian, dui, Kun, Li, Xun, Zhen, Liang and Kan. Each equal part is divided into six hexagrams. Each hexagram closes the door to form its own courtyard, and opens the door to connect the whole building. There are 2 halls and 44 rooms on each floor, with a total of 208 rooms. Each unit on the ground floor and the inner ring patio respectively form a courtyard. The blue brick partition wall of each unit has arches to make the inner corridor of each floor unobstructed. There are no windows on the ground floor and the second floor, the kitchen and dining room on the ground floor, the granary on the second floor, and the bedrooms on the third and fourth floors. The inner corridor of the ground floor is paved with concrete, and each floor above the second floor is paved with thin green brick, which has the functions of sound insulation and fire prevention. 3、 Under the eaves of the inner corridor on the fourth floor, there are exquisite wooden back railings with garden style. There are four staircases in the outer ring. A pair of side doors are opened on the East and west sides respectively. The two doors are symmetrical and can lead directly to the ear rooms on the East and west sides of the building. The side door is made of granite and the door leaf is covered with iron plate. The gate and Hall of the building are located on the central axis. The granite door frame of the door is covered with iron plate. The name of the building is engraved on the lintel, and couplets are engraved on both sides: "Zhengang establishes discipline, and becomes virtue and material."

The magnificent Zhencheng building is built according to the concept of eight trigrams. There is a firewall between the trigrams. Like other earth buildings, it faces south to regulate Yin and Yang. Each hexagram and the first floor of the inner floor are in the form of northern courtyard. The layout of facilities in the whole building not only has the impression of Suzhou gardens, but also has the characteristics of ancient Greek architecture. It can be called a wonderful combination of Chinese and Western architecture. In 1995, its architectural model and the temple of heaven in Beijing participated in the Los Angeles World Architecture Exhibition as representatives of China's north-south circular architecture, which caused a sensation.

The structure of Zhencheng building is peculiar. Outside the round building, there are symmetrical half moon shaped pavilions on the left and right. The appearance of the building is just like a black gauze hat of feudal officials. The main body is arranged by the magic Bagua building in China. It is the second ring building with buildings in it. The outer ring building is a beam type civil structure, while the inner ring building is a brick and wood structure, which is known as outer soil and inner ocean. The wall of the outer ring building is rammed with raw soil from the local area after processing. Every 10 cm thick inside the wall is covered with bamboo board wood bars as wall reinforcement. The height of the building is 19 meters. There are 208 rooms in the inner and outer ring road. The first floor is for kitchen and dining room, the second floor is for granary, and the third and fourth floors are for bedroom. There are 40 rooms on each floor with 4 stairs. According to the location of eight trigrams, Qian Xun Gen Kun trigrams are designed as public places, which are the back hall, the hall and the left and right side doors respectively. The location of Kan Zhen Li trigrams is housing, which is equipped with stairs and general doors. The courtyard is closed by the households, and the trigrams are opened and connected as a whole. Fire walls are set between the trigrams, which are built into radial eight equal parts. There are male and female bathrooms and rooms between each seal Pigsty. The hexagram gate is connected as a whole when it is opened, and becomes a small unit when it is closed.

Building in building

The second floor building is a two-story brick and wood structure, with stone column base, wood facade, glazed tiles and windows. The corridor railings on the second floor are cast iron railings with the pattern of plum orchid and chrysanthemum bamboo, which are closely connected with the central hall of the whole building, the important activity center of the building, as the conference hall, banquet living room, and also as the stage. On the stage upstairs, the middle of the stage is 6 inches higher than the two sides, with the guest seat in the middle and the host seat on both sides, which means that the guest is higher than the host, which is also a symbol of Hakka hospitality.

hall

On the walls of the hall, there are many famous people and famous couplets in the period of the Republic of China. Among them, there are plaques inscribed with "Li Dang Guan type", "righteous deeds can be carried by wind", "righteous voice carries Tao" by then president Li Yuanhong. The hall is spacious, bright, comfortable and pleasant. Among them, there are four big granite pillars that are more than two feet high,

Chinese PinYin : Zhen Cheng Lou