Zhenyuan ancient city

Zhenyuan ancient town

synonym

Zhenyuan ancient city generally refers to the ancient town

Zhenyuan ancient town is a famous town in Zhenyuan County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province. It is located on the Bank of Wuyang River and surrounded by mountains. The river meanders through the city in an "s" shape, with the old Fucheng on the north bank and the old Acropolis on the south bank. From a distance, it looks like Taiji. The two cities were built in the Ming Dynasty, and now there are still some walls and gates. There are many ancient buildings, traditional dwellings and historical docks inside and outside the city. Zhenyuan ancient town has convenient transportation and superior location. Hunan Guizhou railway, Zhuzhou Liupanshui double track railway, national highway 320 and Shanghai Kunming Expressway pass through the town. It is 90km, 170km and 270km away from Tongren airport, Hunan Zhijiang airport and Guiyang Airport respectively. The county borders Xinhuang, Hunan in the East, Sansui and Jianhe in the south, Shibing in the west, cengong and Shiqian in Tongren in the north. It is known as "the key of Dian Chu and the gateway of eastern Guizhou". Zhenyuan has a long history. It has a history of nearly 2300 years since it was established as a county in 277 BC. It was the seat of Taoism and government for more than 700 years in Yuan Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.

On January 7, 2020, it was designated as a national 5A scenic spot by the Ministry of culture and tourism.

History of ancient town

According to historical records, Zhenyuan was called "vertical eye datianxi cave" in ancient times, belonging to "ghost square". From Xia Dynasty to Shang Dynasty, jingman lived in the southwest of Jingzhou and Liangzhou. Tracing back to the origin, Zhenyuan in ancient times was located at the junction of "wuximan" and "Baiyue people" in history.

In the sixth year of song Baoyou (1258 AD), Huangping city was built in November and named Zhenyuan Prefecture, which was the beginning of Zhenyuan's name.

In the first year of Deyou (1275 A.D.), Zhenyuan was set up to invite envoys along Bianxi cave. In the 20th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1283 AD), yanbianxidong was changed into the general manager's office, and the second year of Zhizheng (1365 AD) was changed into the office.

In the fourth year of Hongwu (1371 A.D.) of Ming Dynasty, it was changed into a prefecture; in the eleventh year of Yongle (1412 A.D.), it was changed into Zhenyuan Prefecture; in the third year of Zhengtong (1438 A.D.), it was changed into Zhenyuan Prefecture; in the eleventh year of Hongzhi (1446 A.D.), it was changed into Zhenyuan Prefecture; in the 29th year of Wanli (1601 A.D.), it was changed into zhenyuanwei Prefecture.

In the 22nd year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1683 AD), Wei was incorporated into the county.

In the first year of Xuantong (1909 AD), the province and county were directly under the central government. In 1913, the county was restored. Zhenyuan is known as "the key of Yunnan and Chu, the gateway of eastern Guizhou". According to historical records, if you want to capture Yunnan and Chu, you must occupy Zhenyuan; if you want to communicate with Yunnan and Guizhou, you must guard Zhenyuan first. Because it is located in the main road, the terrain is very important, so it is named. According to the 392 page of Guizhou Tongzhi: "November, the sixth year of baohu (1258) of song LiZong. Song Zhao: Huang Ping was newly built, named Zhenyuan Prefecture, and Lu Fengnian was named Jin Yizhi. " The name of Zhenyuan begins here.

Zhenyuan is an ancient Miao Town with a long history. In the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Wuling county. Yuanyang County was established in the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty. Zhizijiang County in Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the first year of Shaoxing, song Gaozu established Zhenyuan Prefecture. In the 18th year of the reign of emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, he set up the yanbianxidong recruitment department in Zhenyuan, and later changed it into the general office of the army and the people. In the fifth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, zhenyuanzhou was established and subordinate to Huguang. Yongle eleven years home Zhenyuan house, under Guizhou. The Qing Dynasty followed the Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was a long way to set up a town.

On November 8, 1949, Zhenyuan was liberated as the residence of Zhenyuan Commissioner's office.

Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture was established in 1956. Zhenyuan is the capital of the prefecture.

In 1958, the state capital moved to Kaili and changed Zhenyuan into a county.

In 1986, it was listed as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council.

Zhenyuan has been the landing point of Yelang Shezhou, a native of Hunan and Chu since ancient times. It is also a shortcut and necessary place for gifts and messengers to return to the capital and southwest border areas as well as Annan, Myanmar, Siam, India and other countries. It has the reputation of "Southern Silk Road". Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, set up his army in Guizhou. His wife AI Cui, the Suxi missionary of Guizhou, sent people to offer cattle, sheep, grain, rice and felt to welcome the king's army in Zhenyuan. In the third year of Zhengde, Wang Yangming, a neo Confucianist, was transferred from Guizhou Academy to Luling, Jiangxi Province. He went to Zhenyuan to buy a boat and went out of Dongting by Yuanshui River under Wuyang river. During the Qing Dynasty, the Burmese ambassador zhiyetuoji left his post and returned home via Zhenyuan. It is not only the political, economic and cultural center and transportation hub of eastern Guizhou, but also a military town for military strategists. In the early years of Hongzhi of Ming Dynasty, Zhou Ying, the governor of Zhenyuan, said, "if you want to communicate with Yunnan and Guizhou, you should guard Zhenyuan first.". There is also a statement that "if you want to occupy Yunnan and Chu, you must occupy Zhenyuan" in wenjianlu of Miao. In the famous Chinese classic scholars, Wu Jingzi does not hesitate to describe the advance and retreat of Tang Zongbing and BIE zhuangyan, the leader of Miao nationality, in Zhenyuan and the local customs and Customs at that time in three chapters. Lin Zexu, a famous patriotic general in the late Qing Dynasty, once passed Zhenyuan three times. In his poem Zhenyuan daozhong, he described the majestic mountains and rivers and the dangerous terrain here: "the two mountains and streams are evil, the autumn smoke chisels the foot of the mountain, the pedestrian is in the mountains and the shadow is in the stream, and the body has not fallen yet.".

This ancient city with a long history of more than 2000 years is located in the main road to Guizhou, with rich tourism resources, numerous cultural relics and beautiful natural scenery. There are more than 50 ancient buildings, such as buildings, pavilions, halls, temples, temples, ancestral halls and halls, 33 ancient dwellings, 12 ancient docks, 8 ancient roadways and 5 ancient post roads left in the ancient town alone. Among them, there are 1 national key cultural relics protection unit and 7 provincial key cultural relics protection units.

geographical environment

position

Zhenyuan ancient town belongs to Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province. It is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River system and the southeast of Guizhou Province. Located at the junction of Huaihua, Tongren and Southeast Guizhou, it is an old and young city.

landforms

Zhenyuan County is located in the eastern edge of Guizhou Province, is located in the transition slope from Yunnan Guizhou Plateau to Western Hunan hills, mainly karst landform.

climate

The whole town belongs to the subtropical monsoon warm climate zone, with four distinct seasons, no severe cold in winter, no heat in summer, and warm spring and autumn. The annual average temperature is 16.4 ℃. The highest monthly average temperature is 26.6 ℃ in July. The lowest temperature was 5.2 ℃ in January.

Main attractions

Basic introduction

Zhenyuan ancient town is a Cultural Museum of mountain buildings in China. There are more than 160 ancient buildings, such as qinglongdong ancient buildings, Ming and Qing Dynasty ancient dwellings, ancient alleys, ancient docks, ancient city walls, etc., which are magnificent and famous at home and abroad. They are of high ornamental value and scientific research value. Its architectural style is black brick and tile, high sealed fire wall, cornice, carved beams and painted buildings. Each green stone slab and each green brick records historical relics, whistling about the vicissitudes of the ancient town. The ancient town of Zhenyuan is a place with beautiful mountains and waters.

Over the river

Gaoguohe natural scenic spot is a little-known tourist virgin land full of wild charm. It is located in Yangchang and Dongtang of Shangzhai Township in the north of Zhenyuan, and in Lula village of Dadi Township in the West. With gaoguohe River, the upper section of Longjiang River, as the axis, it winds 11 kilometers northwest with a drop of 200 meters. The primeval forest vegetation on both sides expands for several kilometers It's dense and inaccessible.

Wuyang River

Wuyang river is mainly composed of high gorge, Pinghu Lake, waterfall and spring, and karst. "Broken mirror reunion" is half full of water and half full of grandeur; Yuanyang couple play in the water in groups and have deep feelings; the wonderful Triassic water and Pearl falling jade plate flow straight down to the deep pool; the spirit of Shouquan shouts for its coming out and stopping its coming out; the spirit of Shifeng is like "peacock opening screen" and its shape is lifelike; the great sage masters and disciples go to explore the secluded place and enjoy their leisure, and the "face like mountain" is natural and ingenious One bay, one painting, one scene at a time.

Qinglong Cave

Qinglong cave is backed by green mountains and facing green water. It is close to the wall and faces the air. It has five steps to the first floor and ten steps to the pavilion. It has wings and cornices, carved beams and painted buildings. These ancient buildings are naturally integrated with cliffs, ancient trees, vines, rock banks and karst caves. It's a wonderful work. There are stilted buildings overlooking the river, quiet and secluded monasteries and Zen platforms, students' academies with the sound of books, and theatres with the sound of gongs and drums, which gather together the landscape pavilions of the world.

Shiping mountain

Shiping mountain, located in the east of Wuyang River, Wuyang Town, Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, belongs to the Qilian mountain system, with huge and steep rocks. The main peak is 668.1 meters above sea level and 204 meters above the Wuyang river. Shiping mountain faces the north mountain on one side of the city, like a big screen, standing in the mountains. Stone cliff cliff high thousand Ren, named "end straight cangkuo such as screen.".

Tiexi scenic spot

There are 50 chapters in the famous literary work scholars, but three chapters are used to describe Zhenyuan. In Chapter 43, Wu Jingzi wrote about Tiexi, the place where the Dragon God married his sister. The grotesque caves of wengzhong River, the blue and unfathomable water of Longchi, and the deep forests and canyons are fascinating. The famous mountains and rivers of Tiexi attracted tourists from all over the world 500 years ago, and many famous scholars have visited here.

Report to Beijing

Baojing Dong village, the largest village of the North Dong people in China, was formerly known as jingdangdong. It is located 37 kilometers to the south of Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province. It is the central village of Baojing township,

Chinese PinYin : Zhen Yuan Gu Cheng