Academia Sinica

Academia Sinica, for short, was founded in 1927. After the government moved to Taiwan, it successively set up several research institutes, which are the highest academic research institutions in China. There are many scenic spots inside, you can feel a strong academic atmosphere! Beside the footpath are lawns and bonsai of all kinds, as well as fountain sculptures and idyllic canal scenery.

Academia Sinica

Academia Sinica was founded in Nanjing in June 1928. In 1948, it elected "the first academician of Academia Sinica" (a total of 81 members), which is "the highest academic research institution in China during the period of the national government of the Republic of China". In October 1949, all the institutions of Academia Sinica on the mainland were taken over by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1949, some academician institutions moved to Taiwan. In 1954, they built the current Academy in Nangang District, Taipei City, Taiwan Province, which is the highest academic research institution in Taiwan.

Cai Yuanpei was the first president of Academia Sinica, and Liao Junzhi is the current president. Tasks include humanities and scientific research, guidance, liaison and award of academic research, training of senior academic research talents, and research of both science and humanities.

Historical evolution

On April 17, 1927, the 74th meeting of the political conference of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Nanjing, the capital of China. Li Shizeng proposed the establishment of the Academia Sinica. It was decided that Li Shizeng (Yuying), Cai Yuanpei (Zumin) and Zhang Renjie (Jingjiang) should jointly draft the organic law of the Academia Sinica.

On May 9 of the same year, the 90th session of the central political conference decided to establish the Preparatory Office of Academia Sinica, and assumed Cai Yuanpei, Li Yuying, Zhang Renjie, Chu Minyi, Xu Chongqing and Jin Xiangfan as the preparatory members.

On July 4, the organizational regulations of the University of the Republic of China announced that the Academia Sinica, which is in preparation for establishment, is one of the subsidiary organs of the University of the Republic of China. In October, the college was established. On November 9, the organic law of the Academia Sinica announced that it is "directly under the national government of the Republic of China, and is the highest academic research institution of the Republic of China". It has set up 14 research institutes, including physics, chemistry, engineering, geology, astronomy, meteorology, historical language, Chinese literature, archaeology, psychology, education, social sciences, animals and plants.

Founding meeting

On November 20, Cai Yuanpei, President of Academia Sinica, invited 30 academics including Wang Jitong, Zhang Naiyan and Yang Xingfo to hold a preparatory meeting of Academia Sinica and a joint founding meeting of various special committees in Nanjing University to discuss the outline of the organization of Academia Sinica and the methods of conducting the preparatory meeting. It was decided to set up four research institutes, namely, Institute of physical and chemical industry, Institute of geological survey, Institute of Social Sciences and Observatory. Standing preparatory committee members of each institute were appointed to actively carry out the preparatory work, and the organizational regulations of Academia Sinica of the University of the Republic of China was passed. On April 10, 1928, the organization regulation of the national academia sinica was amended, which stipulated that the national academia sinica was "the highest scientific research institution of the Republic of China". The purpose is "to carry out scientific research, guide, contact and reward the national research cause, so as to seek the progress of science and the brightness of mankind".

The research scope includes 11 groups of Sciences, including mathematics, astronomy and meteorology, physics, chemistry, geology and geography, biological sciences, anthropology and archaeology, social sciences, engineering, agriculture and forestry, and medicine. The regulations also provide for organizations, funds and honorary members. Academia Sinica has been transformed into an independent institution that does not belong to a university. On April 20, the 56th meeting of the national government committee appointed Cai Yuanpei as president. On April 23, Cai Yuanpei was appointed president. In May, the seal letter was opened.

Officially established

On June 9, 1928, the first Council of Academia Sinica was held in Shanghai East Asia Restaurant. Cai Yuanpei presided over the establishment of the institution. The main members who founded the Academia Sinica are members of the Chinese science society. After its establishment, the Academia Sinica accepted the status of the Chinese science society as the official representative of the Chinese scientific community in the world. In November, the national government promulgated 11 articles of the organic law of the national Academia Sinica. Regulations: Academia Sinica is directly under the national government and is the highest academic research institution in China. The main responsibilities are to carry out scientific research, guide, contact and reward academic research.

During Cai Yuanpei's first term as president, Academia Sinica successively set up ten research institutes in Nanjing, Shanghai and other places, which were performed by the three research institutes of physical and chemical industry, social sciences, history and language, as well as the Geological Survey Institute, the observatory and the Museum of natural history. During the Anti Japanese War, Academia Sinica moved westward to Kunming, Guilin, Lizhuang, Sichuan and other places, and returned to Beijing and Shanghai after the victory of the Anti Japanese war. On March 26, 1948, the Academia Sinica elected 81 academicians. On September 23, the first academician meeting was held, and the system of Academia Sinica was completed.

The Institute of physical and chemical industry was set up in November 1927. It consists of physical group, chemical group and engineering group. In July 1928, it was divided into the Institute of physics, the Institute of chemistry and the Institute of engineering, all located in Shanghai.

The Geological Survey Institute was established in November 1927 and the geological research institute was established in July 1928 in Shanghai.

The Institute of Social Sciences was established in November 1927 and formally established in May 1928. It consists of legal group, ethnic group, economic group and social group. The first two groups are in Nanjing and the second two groups are in Shanghai. In July 1934, the Beiping Institute of social investigation of the board of directors of the Chinese education and culture foundation was incorporated into the Institute and renamed the Institute of social studies in 1945.

Meteorological Research

The observatory was renamed in November 1927, with astronomy group and meteorology group under it. In February 1928, it was divided into Institute of astronomy and Institute of meteorology, both in Nanjing.

The Institute of language history was established in the summer of 1927 at Sun Yat sen University in Guangzhou. In March 1928, the Institute of history and language was set up in Sun Yat sen University. On October 22, it moved to Baiyuan in Guangzhou and was officially established. Later, it moved to Peiping. In 1944, the Institute of physical anthropology was set up from the fourth group of the Institute of history and philology. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, because of limited funds, it was taken over by the Institute of history and philology. The natural history museum was established in Nanjing in January 1930. In July 1934, it was renamed "Institute of zoology and botany". In May 1944, the Institute of zoology and the Institute of botany were separated.

The Institute of psychology was established in November 1928, prepared in January 1929, and officially established in May 1929. It was established in Peiping.

The Institute of mathematics was established in Shanghai in 1947.

The Institute of medicine was established in 1944.

The Institute of Modern Physics (i.e. atomic energy) was set up in the autumn of 1945, but it was not completed because of its hasty move to Taiwan.

Exercise of authority

In 1949, the Kuomintang authorities moved to Taiwan. Chinese mainland China's Taiwan Academy of Sciences, which was transported to Taipei in December, was transported to Taiwan by more than 2000 boxes of important books, cultural relics, instruments and equipment. The remaining research institutes were located in the mainland of China train and became the main body of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the early Chinese foreign languages translation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has been carried out). Academy Sinica is often used in Chinese Academy of Sciences, but Latin translation is still used in some research institutes.

Since most of the academicians and the 32 members of the third session of the Council elected by the first meeting of academicians also stayed in the mainland or stayed abroad, only Wu Dayou, Zhu Jiahua, Ling Hongxun, Li Xianwen, Wu Jingheng, Hu Shi, Fu Sinian, Li Ji, Dong Zuobin, Wang Shijie, Wang Chonghui and other people were in Taiwan. They were not a quorum, so the two associations could not be convened and exercise their functions and powers, and Taiwan's "Academia Sinica" fell into a semi-stop It's a state of Dayton.

In 1954, after Zhu Jiahua's many-way running, he set up his business in Nangang District, Taipei. Institute of Botany.

In 1955, the Institute of modern history and the Preparatory Office of the Institute of Ethnology were established.

In 1957, many parties discussed the method of "taking the number of registered persons as the actual total number" and submitted it to the leader of the Taiwan authorities for approval. The second academician meeting was held in Taiwan on April 2, and the first meeting of the Third Council was held on April 3. In December of the same year, Hu took the post of president after Zhu Jiahua and took office the following year. Institute of chemistry.

In 1958, the third meeting of academicians was held.

In 1959, the fourth meeting of academicians was held. In the same year, the Institute of zoology was established in Taiwan.

In 1962, the fifth academician conference was held, with Wang Shijie as president. The preparatory office for the "Institute of economics" was established, and the "Institute of physics" was "restored" in Taiwan.

In 1970, Qian siliang became president after Wang Shijie. The Institute of biochemistry was established.

In 1974, the 11th academician conference was held. The Institute of American culture was established.

In 1975, the Institute of the three principles of the people was established.

In 1976, the Preparatory Office of the Earth Research Institute was established, and in the following year, the Preparatory Office of the Information Research Institute was established.

In 1978, the 13th meeting of academicians was held.

In 1980, the first International Conference on Sinology was held.

In 1981, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and the Preparatory Office of the Institute of atomic and molecular sciences were established.

In 1983, Wu Dayou took over

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Yang Yan Jiu Yuan