Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum

Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone art museum is located in Hudong Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou City, in Yunlong Lake scenic area, Xuzhou City. It is a special museum for displaying, collecting and researching Han Dynasty stone statues. It has been awarded the titles of excellent Museum of Jiangsu Province, national 4A tourist attraction, national second-class Museum, Jiangsu social science popularization demonstration base, etc. The gate of Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone portrait museum is a replica of Ya'an stone tower in Sichuan Province, built of bluestone. The name of the museum is inscribed by Li Keran, a famous master of traditional Chinese painting. Xuzhou Han relief stone relief feeling is quite strong, use deep relief, the picture is rich, multi-level and very full.

The Museum of art is divided into the north and the south. The North Museum mainly displays the cultural relics from the late Qing Dynasty to 1989. The domestic and foreign scholars' understanding of the Han Dynasty stone portraits in Xuzhou and the familiar stone portraits are all from the cultural relics on display in the North Museum. The South museum is designed by Guan Zhaoye, a master architect and professor of Tsinghua University. It is located close to the mountains, and the buildings are hidden in the lush trees, highlighting the profound features of the Han culture Regional cultural characteristics.

Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum

Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone art museum is located in Hudong Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou City, in Yunlong Lake scenic area, Xuzhou City. It is a special museum for displaying, collecting and researching Han Dynasty stone statues. It has been awarded the titles of excellent Museum of Jiangsu Province, national 4A tourist attraction, national second-class Museum, Jiangsu social science popularization demonstration base, etc.

Xuzhou is the land where the stone statues of Chinese Han paintings are concentrated. The stone statues of Chinese Han paintings in Xuzhou, together with the stone carvings of Six Dynasties in Nanjing and the gardens of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Suzhou, are called "three treasures of Jiangsu".

Xuzhou stone reliefs are rich in subject matter and wide in content, including myths and legends, historical stories, real life and other contents, including politics, economy, ideology, culture, folk custom and other aspects of the Han Dynasty. It is a microcosm of the Han Dynasty society and a history of the Han Dynasty.

Xuzhou Han Stone Museum covers an area of more than 20000 square meters, with a construction area of 8000 square meters. It consists of two parts: the North Hall and the South Hall.

history

In 1956, Xuzhou established the Han Dynasty portrait stone depository.

Completed in 1989, Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum (North Museum) with an area of 10000 square meters and a building area of 2200 square meters was built, displaying 187 Han Dynasty stone reliefs.

Since 1989, the collection of Han Dynasty stone relief Museum in Xuzhou has been increasing. The original exhibition area is too small to display many precious cultural relics.

In 2001, the Han Dynasty stone portrait Museum in Xuzhou began to expand. The new pavilion (South Pavilion) is adjacent to the old one.

characteristic

Architectural features

The gate of Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone portrait museum is a replica of Ya'an stone tower in Sichuan Province, built of bluestone. The name of the museum is inscribed by Li Keran, a famous master of traditional Chinese painting. The exhibition area takes the main hall as the central axis, and according to the principle of symmetry, there are three groups of courtyards in the south, North and middle. The whole building is connected with corridors and rooms, with white walls, Daiwa and ochre columns, which are set against the rocks and cliffs and the green leaves of pine forest.

In addition, a large number of ancestral halls, tombs, Shinto, Han que, tomb gates and other buildings built by Han Dynasty stone reliefs excavated by Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone art museum have been restored, so that visitors can understand the original state of Han Dynasty stone reliefs at once.

style of art

Xuzhou Han relief stone relief feeling is quite strong, use deep relief, the picture is rich, multi-level and very full.

Folk collection

More than 80% of the Han Dynasty stone statues in Xuzhou Museum of art were collected from the folk in Xuzhou and its surrounding areas, and only a small part of them were excavated from archaeology.

Text description

There are a number of Han Dynasty stone paintings with characters in the museum. The most famous one is the epitaph of Han Dynasty stone relief tomb found in yanzibu, Pizhou in 1982. There are more than 100 characters in the inscriptions, such as "Gu Pengcheng Xiang's governor, LV shouchang's Miao Yu", "Gu Heping's first year (150) was on July 7, and Yuan Jia's first year (151) was buried on March 20".

layout

Beiguan

The exhibition in the North Hall is mainly the cultural relics from the late Qing Dynasty to 1989. The domestic and foreign scholars' understanding of the Han Dynasty stone portraits in Xuzhou and the familiar stone portraits are all from the cultural relics on display in the North Hall. The stone portraits of the Han Dynasty are inlaid in a 206 meter long corridor and seven exhibition rooms. There are mainly stone reliefs unearthed from Miaoshan Han tomb in Tongshan County, Qishan Han tomb in Peixian County, Honglou ancestral hall in Tongshan County, Liguo Han tomb in Tongshan County, jiunvdun Han tomb in Suining County and Shilipu Han tomb in Xuzhou City. In addition, there are scattered stone reliefs in different historical stages of Qing Dynasty, Republic of China and new China.

The first exhibition room displays the stone relief unearthed from the Han Dynasty tomb in Miaoshan, Tongshan County. The tomb was excavated in 1956. The structure of the tomb is the front hall and the back room, all of which are made of bluestone. There are nine stone relief, including music and dance, cooking and banqueting, martial arts competition, Emperor Yan's promotion to immortality, Emperor Huang's promotion to immortality, etc. Among them, Yandi and Huangdi are the most brilliant. Yandi wears a hat, wears a coir raincoat, and holds a Lei Lei to lead the Phoenix to heaven. Huangdi bear is the first person who breathes immortality in his mouth and has wings. He soars and ascends by Huang. The second exhibition room mainly displays the stone coffin tomb in Liuxin Township, Tongshan County and the stone coffin tomb in Qishan County, Peixian county. These two tombs are restored and displayed in the late Western Han Dynasty and Wangmang period respectively. The stone coffin tomb in Qishan, Peixian County, which was excavated in 1977, has a rich content of portraits, such as the first ring, Bole Xiangma, hunting and catching animals, shuangque greeting, evergreen trees and so on, which fully shows the rich artistic features of the stone coffin tomb in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. Among them, the image of Queen Mother of the west is the earliest of Han Dynasty stone reliefs. In the picture, Dai Sheng, the head of the queen mother of the west, sits on the upper floor. There are bluebirds holding food for her downstairs. Outside the building, there are divine men pounding medicine. On the top of the building are three legged birds and Nine Tailed foxes. Then there are carved human headed snake body, horse headed human body, bird headed human body and an elder with a sword bowing to the queen mother of the West. On the right side of the stone, there are images of life, such as yishetu, jianqitu, Wutu and cockfighting. The third exhibition room displays the scattered Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Tongshan County, among which the "textile picture" unearthed from qingshanquan in Tongshan County is a collection treasure. In the Han Dynasty, the textile industry in Xuzhou was relatively developed. Seven "textile pictures" have been unearthed, including one in the Palace Museum, one in the Chinese History Museum and one in the Xuzhou Museum. The "weaving picture" of qingshanquan is the scene of ordinary people's weaving. From the picture, we can see the whole process of weaving, winding and weft shaking. The women on the loom are turning around to pick up the baby. They have a strong sense of life. The fourth exhibition room displays a total of 40 stone reliefs, mainly focusing on Han stone reliefs unearthed from Honglou Han tomb, Han King Han tomb and Li state Han tomb in Tongshan County. Honglou stone portraits are mainly ancestral hall portraits. The contents of the portraits include "welcoming guests and banquets", "traveling by cars and horses" and "always advocating immortals". These stone reliefs are huge in size, simple in carving skills and rich in content. For example, the picture of "Hui Hui Xian advocate" is 1.1 meters high and 2.2 meters long. It is engraved with Lei Gong Yu Shi's trip, xiangnu's play of elephant, Zhuanshi Chenglei, Shuiren's playing with snake, and illusory person's spitting fire. These contents are very similar to the large-scale performance scenes in Xijing Fu by Zhang Heng at that time. The eight stone reliefs on display in the fifth exhibition room are all unearthed from Jiawang District, Xuzhou City. The contents include rare birds and animals, badminton play Qilin, Nuo dance, and the drawing of Emperor Qinshihuang taking a tripod from Sishui. The carving technique is shallow relief, and the era is the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Among them, "taking the cauldron from Surabaya" is the most wonderful. This picture depicts the tense scene when the Dragon bites off the cauldron rope. According to historical records of Emperor Wu, "Yu collected the gold of Jiumu and cast Jiuding like Jiuzhou." Jiuding is the symbol of kingship. According to the historical records of the first emperor of Qin, the first emperor of Qin toured all over the world, "he passed Pengcheng, fasted and prayed for the temple, and wanted to go out of zhouding and Surabaya, so that thousands of people had no water to ask for, and the Buddha got it." "Notes to the water classic - Surabaya" records: "when Qin Shihuang was the first emperor, the tripod was found in Sishui It's not coming out, but it's broken by the teeth of the dragon. " The 11 stone reliefs on display in the sixth exhibition room are unearthed from the Han Tomb of jiunvdun in Suining, which is a large-scale stone chamber tomb and was excavated in 1954. The contents of the portraits include green dragon, white tiger, riding over the bridge, banquet, food offering, fairy lighting, jade guarding tripod, etc. The stone reliefs of the tomb are all carved on a flat surface, dating back to the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The seventh exhibition room displays stone portraits unearthed in Shuanggou, Suining County, collected by Mr. Zhang Boying and donated by his descendants. Zhang Boying is a famous collector and calligrapher in the Republic of China. Zhang Boying's collection of Han Dynasty stone statues includes the painting of Niu Geng, Fuxi and Nuwa, the architecture of menque, chariots and horses, etc. Among them, "Niu Geng Tu" reflects the development level of agriculture at that time. In Guo Moruo's "Chinese history manuscript", he takes this Han Dynasty stone as a symbol of the production level of the Han Dynasty.

Nanguan

The South Pavilion is designed by Guan Zhaoye, a master architect and professor of Tsinghua University. It is located close to the mountain. The building is hidden in the lush trees, highlighting the broad and profound regional cultural characteristics of Han culture.

The theme of the new museum is "the Great Han Dynasty - epic on stone". It displays the new collection of cultural relics after 1990, including six parts: "Shinto heavenly road, ancestral temple, heavenly work charm, Han Stone spring and autumn, Qianqiu underground palace, inscriptions on steles". With the collection of exquisite stone portraits, it interprets the charm of Han culture and the soul of Han culture. Among them, "Han Shi Chun Qiu" department

Chinese PinYin : Xu Zhou Han Hua Xiang Shi Yi Shu Guan