Emperor Yan's mausoleum in Baoji

Yandi mausoleum is located on Changyang mountain in Shenlong Town, Weibin District, Baoji City. It is the main place for the Chinese people to seek their roots and worship their ancestors. Yandi (Yan Emperor) was born on the Bank of Jiangshui (now Baoji City) from 6000 to 5500 years ago. With the development of history, his descendants moved southeast along the Weishui River to Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi and other places. In a broad sense, Yandi was a clan tribe with ruogan lineage. Therefore, there are five hometowns of Yan Emperor in China. Baoji in Shaanxi Province, Suizhou in Hubei Province, Yanling County in Hunan Province, Huitong County and Gaoguan in Shanxi Province are regarded as the hometown of Emperor Yan. Among them, Emperor Yan I and II both lived in Baoji, Shaanxi Province. According to the theory of Emperor Yan I, Emperor Yan only existed in Baoji. Baoji, the hometown of Emperor Yan, is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation.

Emperor Yandi Mausoleum

synonym

Baoji Yandi mausoleum refers to Yandi Mausoleum (a key cultural relic protection unit in Shaanxi Province)

Yandi mausoleum is located on Changyang mountain in Shennong Town, Weibin District, Baoji City. It is the main place for the Chinese people to seek roots and worship their ancestors. Yandi (Yan Emperor) was born on the Bank of Jiangshui (now Baoji City) from 6000 to 5500 years ago. With the development of history, his descendants moved southeast along the Weishui River to Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi and other places. In a broad sense, Yandi was a clan tribe with several lineages. Therefore, there are five hometowns of Yan Emperor in China. Baoji in Shaanxi Province, Suizhou in Hubei Province, Yanling County in Hunan Province, Huitong County and Gaoguan in Shanxi Province are regarded as the hometown of Emperor Yan. Among them, Emperor Yan I and II both lived in Baoji, Shaanxi Province. According to the theory of Emperor Yan I, Emperor Yan only existed in Baoji. Baoji, the hometown of Emperor Yan, is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation.

The origin of development

overview

In ancient times 5000 years ago, there was a tribe named Jiang who lived in Jiangshui. Tribal leaders - up to now, in many parts of the world, in the rainforests of the Middle East, Africa and South America, there are many such big people, called "Chiefs" - Shennong, who is called Emperor Yan. Yandi and Huangdi, who lived in Jishui, are the ancestors of the Chinese nation. Baoji is also known as "the hometown of Emperor Yan" because it is the birthplace of the first generation of Emperor Yan. According to historical records: (Shennong) his mother Ren Si traveled to Changyang, and felt that he was born Emperor There is a mausoleum of Emperor Yan on Changyang mountain in the southern suburb of Baoji City. It is said that Emperor Yan was buried here after his death. In addition, there is a Yandi temple in the center of the city.

Baoji is one of the birthplaces of Jiangyan culture and one of the important origins of Chinese culture, Chinese civilization and Chinese nation. About 5000 years ago, in Jiangshui of Weihe River Basin in Baoji, there lived an ancient clan - Jiangyan tribe. A great figure, Yandi, the cultural ancestor of the Chinese nation, was born.

It is recorded in Guoyu Jinyu that "the Yan Emperor made it from Jiang Shui". We can understand that the earliest place where Yan Emperor's people moved was in Jiang Shui. The ancient Jiangshui, according to the notes on Weishui in Shuijing, was located in the south of Jiangshi City, which is the area of Zhouyuan in Qishan County, but the location is unknown. However, according to the unified annals of the Ming Dynasty, there is Jiang's city in nanqili, Baoji County, Fengxiang Prefecture, and there is also Jiang water in the south of the city. This Jiang's city is now called Jiang castle. To the south is Yimen castle, and to the west is a water, which is still called Qingjiang River. It is hard to verify ancient legends. It is not necessary to be too rigid about which is right or wrong. But it's always in Fengxiang Prefecture, which is now Baoji City. Jiangcheng castle is a Neolithic site, which was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Shaanxi Province in 1958. In fact, the earliest former residence of the Jiangyan people in Baoji was in the Jianghe River Basin of the Qing Dynasty. In order to survive and develop, some of them moved to the area of Qishan and Fufeng. Therefore, the names of water and city with "Jiang" also appeared here, namely "Jiang Shui" and "Jiang Shi Cheng". Some researchers believe that in the intersection of Weihe River and Qingjiang River in Baoji City today, many typical artifacts of Liujia culture (Jiangyan Culture) have been found, i.e. high collar bag feet. According to the measurement, this is earlier than the similar artifacts found in Qishan and Fufeng. This shows that the Liujia culture in Qishan and Fufeng is the result of the eastward migration of Jiangyan people in Baoji City.

It is precisely because Emperor Yan was born in today's Baoji area, so historical legend, as early as the Yellow Emperor era, Baoji area began to offer sacrifices to Emperor Yan. "Lu Shi · postscript" records: "the temple of Yan worshipped by the Yellow Emperor was in Chen.". Luo Ping notes: "the suspicion of the Yellow Emperor lies in Chencang.". It is recorded in the book of Fengchan in historical records that "Duke Ling of Qin made Shanghe of Wuyang as a sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor, and Xiahe as a sacrifice to the Yan Emperor." "Wuyang" refers to the southeast of Wushan (now Chencang District) in the north of Baoji City, which is now Fengxiang's "sanyanyuan". The state of Qin set a precedent for offering sacrifices to Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang in the name of the imperial court. So far, this is the earliest literature record we can see on this aspect. Since then, Baoji worshipped Emperor Yan and continued to do so for a long time. In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, the emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, called himself "the son of emperor ChiYan" and set up "Wan" to offer sacrifices to Emperor Yan, Huangdi, Qingdi, Baidi and Heidi. This kind of sacrificial custom extended to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he went to Yongdi many times to set up "Wan" to offer sacrifices to "Five Emperors". Since Sui and Tang Dynasties, temples were set up in Baoji area to offer sacrifices to Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang.

With the development of Yandi tribe, Yandi tribe moved southeast along Weihe River. Yan Emperor and his subsequent lineage regime can be divided into two branches, one is kuikai's regime, the other is Shennong's regime.

Kui family

Kuikai family of Yan Emperor originated in Changyang mountain of Qinling Mountains, flourished in Chishui (today's Chishui City of Guizhou Province), and established its capital in Chencang (today's Baoji City of Shaanxi Province). It was passed on to seven emperors and lost its political power, and was replaced by Shennong family of Yan Emperor. Kui's regime of Yan Emperor began in 5008 BC and ended in 4766 BC. It lasted for six emperors and passed on to the state for 243 years. The six emperors are as follows: 1. Kui Kai, who was in power for 58 years (5008-4951 BC).

2. Yan Ju was in power for 34 years (4951-4918 BC).

3. Jiebing was in power in the 43rd year of Xuji (4918-4876 BC).

4. Xiqi, the ruling official of Xuji 50 years (4876-4827 BC).

5. Zhu Rong was in power for 47 years (4827-4781 BC).

6. Gonggong was in power for 16 years (4781-4766 BC).

Divine Husbandman

The leader of the tribe is called Emperor Yan, named Shinian, surnamed Jiang, and Yang totem. Shennong is a Shennong family. It was born in Jiangshui (now Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). It is said that it was in power for 140 years (about 3216-3077 BC). It was said that it was in power for 120 years and died in luyuanpi (also known as Yanling mountain and Huangshan Mountain) of Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province. He is the inventor of agriculture and medicine. Its famous descendants include Chiyou, Lieshan, Gonggong and Siyue.

Emperor Yan's Shennong regime was passed on to eight emperors in 254 (4766-4513 BC). The first emperor, Shennong, was in power in 34 years (4766-4733 BC). He was the second emperor and Linkui. He was in power in the 42nd year of Xuji (4733-4692 BC). Three emperors, Jiang Cheng, were in power for 38 years (4692-4655 BC). Jiang Ming, the fourth emperor, was in power for 28 years (4655-4628 BC). Five term emperor, Jiang Yi, was in power in 47 years (4628-4582 BC). Six emperors, Jiang Lai, were in power for 20 years (4582-4563 BC). Seven emperors, Jiang Ke, were in power for 25 years (4563-4539 BC). Eight emperors, Yu Wang, were in power in 27 years (4539-4513 BC).

Chiyou family

After Emperor Yan (first, he was an official of Emperor Yan), he came from amniotic fluid and became an official of Emperor Huang. As an official of the main Jin Dynasty, he silently observed the decline of Shennong and cast gold as a sharp weapon. He raised his troops to chase Yuwang (a descendant of Yan Emperor) and called himself Yan Emperor. Later, he fought against the Yellow Emperor and asked Feng Boyu to help him. Finally, he was defeated by the Yellow Emperor and killed in the field of Zhuolu. He is the God of war and weapons, and the invention of weapons originated from farm tools and other production tools.

Gonggong's

Also known as Gonggong, he is a descendant of Emperor Yan. Violent personality, easy to be wrong. It is said that because he fought with Zhuan Xu to be emperor, he fought with Dongyi people. He was defeated, but he was angry. As a result, the heaven fell and the earth sank, causing great disaster in the world.

Lieshan's

It is also called Lishan family, whose leader is Lieshan or Zhu. "Guoyu · luyushang" says: "in the past, Lieshan had the world, and his master said that he could plant a hundred grains and vegetables." In the 29th year of Zhaogong in Zuozhuan, it is said that the son of Lieshan's family named Zhu is Ji. "The book of rites · sacrificial rites" says: "there is a world in Lishan's family, whose son is called Nong, who can plant a hundred grains." It is generally believed that the Lieshan family is a descendant of Emperor Yan and still a god of agriculture and a god of grain

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