Baodun ancient city site

Baodun ancient city site is commonly known as "Baodun ancient city". It is said by local people that Zhuge Liang captured Menghuo seven times during the Three Kingdoms period. According to archaeological findings, the Baodun site is about 4500-4200 years ago It is one of the fourth largest ancient cities in the late Neolithic period in China. It is the "living fossil" of Chengdu Plain history and the "main source" of ancient Shu civilization. It proves that Chengdu Plain is one of the origin centers of Yangtze River civilization and Chinese civilization. It is praised as "the source of Yangtze River civilization and the light of Chinese civilization". It is a key cultural relic protection unit in China.

The city covers an area of 2.76 million square meters. The middle and lower part of the city wall is piled up, and square wooden bone and mud wall buildings are found in the city. Baodun village, Longma Township, 5000 meters northwest of Xinjin County, has a peculiar terrain. On the green field, like the backbone of a dragon, a circle of irregular loess ridges rise up and down. The ridges are crisscross with crisscross ditches. Brick and tile objects are often found at the bottom and on both sides of the ditch. For thousands of years, people have turned a blind eye to this and paid no attention to it.

Baodun ancient city site

Baodun ancient city is the earliest and largest ancient city in Western Sichuan. It was built in 2550 B.C. and abandoned in 2300 B.C. with an area of 600000 square meters at first, and then expanded to nearly 3 million square meters. Baodun ancient city should be the founding capital of Shu.

brief introduction

Baodun ancient city site is located in Baodun village, Longma Township, northwest of Xinjin County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. The ridges are crisscrossed with ditches. At the bottom and on both sides of the ditch, some scattered brick and tile objects are often found. In 1995, the Chengdu Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, the Department of Archaeology of Sichuan University and Waseda University of Japan jointly excavated Baodun village. After four months of excavation, it was confirmed that the place surrounded by the Loess ridge was the ancient city site about 4000 or 5000 years ago, and the scattered brick and tile artifacts were the material evidence that the ancestors of Shu had entered civilization four or five thousand years ago, which was more than that of Sanxingdui and Jinsha sites It is the earliest stage of ancient Shu civilization in Chengdu Plain.

Baodun ancient city site is an ancient city site of Longshan era, which is of great significance to explore the origin of civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is another important discovery in Sichuan after Sanxingdui pit in Guanghan. It has caused a sensation in Chinese and foreign archaeological circles, and ranked third among the top ten new discoveries in 1996.

Area and age

Baodun ancient city wall was built by stacking method, which is divided into two phases. The first phase of the city wall is 600 meters long from east to west and 1000 meters long from north to south, with a total area of 600000 square meters (proved in 1995); the second phase of the city wall was also built by stacking method, but it is incomplete, so only its total length can be measured. The total length of the second phase of the city wall is about 6.2 km (verified in 2010). The archaeologists measured the distribution range and trend of the second phase of the city wall and moat accurately by using the total occupation meter, and drew the topographic map of the city site. The area is about 2.76 million square meters with the outer side of the trench outside the second phase of the city wall as the boundary, about 2.68 million square meters with the outer wall base outside the second phase of the city wall as the boundary, and about 2.53 million square meters with the inner wall base inside the second phase of the city wall as the boundary. At present, this area is second only to Liangzhu ancient city in Zhejiang Province (2.9 million square meters) and Taosi big city in Shanxi Province (2.8 million square meters), but larger than Shijiahe ancient city in Hubei Province (1.2 million square meters).

The relationship between the two walls of Baodun ancient city: from the perspective of space, in the northeast direction, the second wall (outer wall) coincides with the first wall (inner wall). From the perspective of time, the two periods of city walls (inner and outer walls) existed at the same time.

Baodun ancient city wall was built in 2500 B.C. and abandoned in 2300 B.C. That is to say, Baodun ancient city existed for two or three hundred years.

To sum up, the area of Baodun ancient city was 600000 square meters at first, and then expanded to 2.76 million square meters; the starting and ending years were 2550 bc-2330 BC.

History of the ancient city

Baodun ancient city site was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council in 2001.

The earliest records in China are oracle bone inscriptions in the late Shang Dynasty. Shu is mentioned many times in oracle bone inscriptions. This "Shu" should be the "Sanxingdui ancient city" discovered in the 1980s. Sanxingdui culture is divided into four periods, the first of which is also called Baodun culture. This shows that Sanxingdui ancient city is the successor of Baodun ancient city. In other words, Baodun ancient city is also "Shu".

significance

The discovery of Baodun culture has perfected the development and evolution of ancient Shu civilization: Baodun culture represented by prehistoric city sites in Chengdu Plain (2700-1800 B.C.), Sanxingdui culture represented by Sanxingdui site (1800-1200 B.C.), Shierqiao culture represented by Jinsha site in Chengdu (1200-500 B.C.), and Shangqiao culture in Chengdu Yejie boat coffin and single wooden coffin tombs represent the bronze culture of the Warring States period (500-316 BC). After Qin Dynasty destroyed Bashu, the splendid ancient Shu civilization finally integrated into the Han culture circle and became an important part of Chinese civilization

Address: Baodun village, Longma Township, Xinjin County, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 103.7521085743

Latitude: 30.4494168328

Chinese PinYin : Bao Dun Gu Cheng Yi Zhi