Yu Qian Temple

Yu Qian Temple

Yuqian temple is located at the foot of Santai mountain, West Lake, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Yu Qian, together with Yue Fei and Zhang Huangyan, is a national hero in the Ming Dynasty.

Yuqian ancestral hall is a traditional ancestral hall building, with white walls, grey tiles, red paint gate, and official script characters of "yuzhongsu ancestral hall" appear solemn and solemn. The ancestral hall has three entrances: the front hall, the main hall and the back hall. Between the front hall and the main hall, there are one north and one south wing room, and another auxiliary hall in the north of the wing room, with a construction area of more than 900 square meters.

Yuqian temple is the fifth batch of patriotism education base in Hangzhou. After several years of planning and construction, Yuqian Temple scenic area has been formed, including Yuqian temple, Yuqian tomb, tomb path, memorial archway and other cultural relics, combined with natural forest and green space.

Historical evolution

Yu Qian (1398-1457), a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou), Zhejiang Province in Ming Dynasty, was named Tingyi and Jiean. Yu Qian is like Tingyi in the temple.

In 1449, after Yingzong was captured, he was promoted from the Minister of the Ministry of war to minister. He supported emperor Jing and opposed the move to the south.

Mobilize heavy forces to repel the warra army outside Beijing.

In the next year (the first year of Jingtai), Yingzong was forced to release because of lack of space.

In 1457, Yu Qian was killed for "Treason" and buried in Santai mountain.

In the second year of Hongzhi (1489) of Ming Dynasty, Yu Qian's unjust case was vindicated. Emperor Xiaozong praised him for his service to the country and granted him the posthumous title of "Su Min", and built a memorial Temple beside the tomb, named "Jinggong Temple".

For more than 500 years, Yuqian temple has been destroyed and built repeatedly. The existing buildings are the old relics reconstructed in the eighth year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty. The pattern is still complete. Since May 1991, Yuqian temple has been repaired four times. In 1998, on the occasion of the 600th anniversary of Yuqian's birth, Yuqian temple was reopened.

architectural composition

The courtyard of Yuqian temple is a quiet place with verdant vegetation and shady trees.

The front hall is a preface hall, and the couplets on both sides of the hall door are written by Lin Zexu: "the public opinion will be decided after a long time, where can we get this person more?".

In June 1822, Lin Zexu was appointed to Hangzhou Jiahu road in Zhejiang Province. He proposed to raise funds to renovate Yu Qian's ancestral tomb and took the lead in donating his official gifts.

The plaque "one person in a hundred generations" is a high summary of Qian's achievements in his life.

The preface is engraved on a huge limestone in the middle of the preface hall. The limestone shape is based on the poem "lime chant" written by Yu Qian when he was a teenager. It is also a true portrayal of Yu Qian's upright and upright character.

The chronology and genealogy of Yu Qian are displayed on both sides of the walls. A portrait of Yu Qian and his wife in the Qing Dynasty is particularly eye-catching. In the hall, Ming style furniture such as desk tables and chairs with simple modeling are also placed to render the atmosphere.

The main hall is the main part of Yuqian ancestral hall, and it is also the place with the most distinctive display, with a width of 21.8 meters and a depth of 14.15 meters,. In the middle of the main hall is a standing statue of Yu Qian. Yu Gongwei stands solemnly, his eyes are bright and upright.

As high as 3.2 meters, 1.3 meters base, for the sea spray pattern. On the back of the statue is a wall of "shishiyin" written by Marshal Xu Qianqian. On the top of the statue is a plaque inscribed by Emperor Qianlong: "Danxin Kangjie", with gold characters on a black background. It was inscribed by Emperor Qianlong when he visited Hangzhou in the 16th year of Qianlong.

Several couplets praising Yu Qian's immortal achievements are hung on the pillars of the hall. They are all written by famous masters in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and inscribed by contemporary calligraphers.

On the wall of the hall are two semicircle large-scale relief murals. On the left side is the "battle of Beijing", and on the right side is the scene of the "change of civil Castle". Each painting is relatively independent, but on the whole, it is quite dignified and spectacular. With the light effect of changing light and shade, and supplemented by the sonorous background music of "ambush on all sides", people feel like they are on the scene In the ancient battlefield of sword light, sword shadow, killing sound and dust, Yu Qian is fighting against foreign aggression.

The mural, which is 3 meters high and 46 meters wide, has been proved and revised by experts for many times and completed under the guidance of Mr. Wang Zhuoyu, a sculptor of China Academy of fine arts.

Murals break through the traditional display pattern of ancestral halls, so that there are no columns on the wall, and echo with plaques, couplets and statues, which has a strong artistic shock effect.

There are several Qing Dynasty stone tablets embedded on the wall on the back of the statue, including one tablet inscribed by Yang Chang in Xiangxiang with the inscription "the statue of Zhong Su Yu Gong given to Taifu by the Minister of Shaobao's Ministry of war in Ming Dynasty" and nine remnant tablets inscribed by Yuan Mei with the inscription "rebuilding the monument to Zhong Su Temple".

The north and South Wing rooms serve as weapon rooms and reception rooms respectively. The weapons room displays all kinds of weapons of the Ming Dynasty, including fireguns and artillery used in Shenji camp.

There are many kinds of weapons in Ming Dynasty, which are of great value for research and appreciation.

In the patio between the front hall and the back hall stands a majestic iron rhinoceros. It is about 2 meters tall and 2.5 meters long. It is dark all around and has one horn facing the sky. On its back is the iron rhinoceros inscription of Zhenhe written by Yu Qian himself. It is a historical proof of Yu Qian's diligent administration, loving the people and harnessing the Yellow River.

Since ancient times, the Yellow River has been inundated. During his tour of Henan Province, he made great efforts to control the flood and went up and down the river.

In order to inspire the people's confidence to overcome the flood, in 1446, people sent people to cast this "Zhenhe iron rhinoceros", expressing the hope of eradicating the Yellow River flood and making the people live a stable and happy life. The original remains in Tieniu village, Kaifeng, Henan Province.

There is a well on the right side of the patio. A stele stands beside the well, which is called "Zhongquan".

According to Li duo's stele of Qing Dynasty in the ancestral hall, this spring was found during the reconstruction of Qian ancestral hall in the year of Yihai of Kangxi. The spring is clear in color and sweet in taste. It is named after the saying that "the great loyalty of the public is like water in the earth".

There are also several stone tablets of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the courtyard of houdian, which are four big tablets (Hongzhi, Jiajing, Wanli, Kangxi) and one remnant tablet of Qianlong period.

There is also a lucky animal in it. It is said that touching it will bring good luck.

Display of cultural relics

Yu Qian's life story is displayed in the back hall. In the form of plates and photos, Yu Qian's noble character, outstanding achievements and tragic life are introduced in detail in four parts: "young ambition", "diligent and honest administration", "defending Beijing" and "eternal history". In the display cabinets on both sides, Yu Qian's works and his commentary works in the past dynasties are displayed respectively, including the collection of Yu Sumin, the complete biography of Yu Shaobao cuizhong and the record of Yu Zhongsu's ancestral hall.

From the gate of Qianci temple to the north of 50 meters, we can see a Ming style memorial archway. The tomb path is long, and the grass is luxuriant. The stone Weng Zhong and stone beast standing on both sides add some solemnity and solemnity to the tomb area. At the end of the 100 meter tomb road is the tomb of Yu Qian, a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. The inscription on the tombstone reads "the posthumous title of Zhongsu in the cemetery given to Taifu by the Shaobao of the Ming Dynasty and the Minister of the Ministry of war". It was re engraved when the tomb was restored in 1982. The relief peony base and the stone table in front of the tomb are the original objects of the Ming Dynasty.

Cultural relics protection

Yuqian temple is the fifth batch of patriotic education base in Hangzhou. After several years of planning and construction, Yuqian Temple scenic area has been formed, including Yuqian temple, Yuqian tomb, graveway, memorial archway and other cultural relics, combined with natural forest and green space. The area has also expanded from 6000 square meters to 31000 square meters. Yuqian sculpture square, Zhongquan pool and Yuqian poem stele corridor are being built in the scenic area. It is planned to restore the auxiliary hall to the dream praying hall. With the progress of the West Lake project, Yuqian Temple scenic area will become an important cultural landscape.

Yu Qian's tomb was destroyed in 1966. In 1982, Yu Qian's tomb was rebuilt. The original seven tombs were changed into one. The tomb was 2 meters high, surrounded by green bricks, and the tombstone was re engraved. The inscription read, "the Shaobao of the Ming Dynasty and the Minister of the Ministry of war presented the posthumous title of Taifu Zhongsu to the cemetery." there was a sacrificial table and incense burner in front of the tomb. In 1998, in order to commemorate the 600th anniversary of the birth of Yu Qian, the Ming style shiwengzhong, stone beast and memorial archways were set up on both sides of the tomb path to renovate the environment of the tomb area, repair the Yu Qian temple and build the Yu Qian scenic area. In this comprehensive protection project in the west of lake, Yuqian temple has been renovated to restore the memorial archway and corridor of Yuqian's tomb, which has become an important cultural landscape in the west of lake. It is a provincial cultural relic protection unit in Zhejiang Province.

The original tomb, with a horseshoe shape and seven tombs, faces east and West. Beside the tomb, there is a Jinggong temple, also known as Yuqian temple. It is 23 meters wide from north to south, 30 meters deep, and 90 meters long. It was later destroyed in 1966, and the present Yuqian tomb was rebuilt in 1982. As for Yu Qian, Yuan Mei of Qing Dynasty once praised: "relying on Yue and shuangshaobao, people begin to feel that they attach importance to the West Lake.".

On May 25, 2006, as an ancient tomb from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Yu Qian's tomb was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Traffic information

Take you line 6 / y6 to yuqianci station, or take bus No.4, No.308, no.599 to chishanbu station, and then walk to it.

Address: 161 Santaishan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 120.13129636645

Latitude: 30.229612542755

Tel: 0571-87979245

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: Yuqian tomb is open 24 hours, Yuqian ancestral hall is open from 8:30 to 16:30, with a rest every Monday

Chinese PinYin : Yu Qian Ci