Shanghai Jiaotong University

Shanghai Jiaotong University is one of the institutions of higher learning with the longest history and famous at home and abroad.

At the end of the 19th century, the Sino Japanese war was defeated and the nation was in danger. Mr. Sheng Xuanhuai and a group of insightful people, adhering to the belief that "self-improvement first depends on the reserve of talents, and the reserve of talents must start school first", founded Nanyang public school, the predecessor of Jiaotong University in Shanghai. At the beginning of its establishment, the University adheres to the tenet of "seeking practical learning and doing business". With the goal of cultivating "first-class talents", it is diligent and enterprising. In the 1920s and 1930s, it has become a famous university in China, known as "MIT of the East". During the Anti Japanese War, the majority of teachers and students went through difficulties, moved to Chongqing, insisted on running the school, and many students joined the army. On the eve of liberation, the majority of teachers and students actively participated in the democratic revolution, and the school was known as the "bastion of democracy". In the early days of the founding of new China, in order to meet the needs of national economic construction, the University adjusted a number of advantageous departments and disciplines to support the development of domestic brother universities; in the mid-1950s, the University responded to the call of the national construction of the northwest, went through the changes of moving to the west, running schools in two places, and running schools independently, which made important contributions to the construction of new China's higher education system and the promotion of socialist construction Offer. 6、 In the 1970s, under the leadership of the Commission of science, technology and industry for national defense and the former Ministry of six machines, the University actively engaged in national defense research and personnel training, and made great contributions to the "two bombs and one satellite" and national defense modernization. Since the reform and opening up, especially under the leadership of the Ministry of education, the university has been taking the lead in promoting the reform with the spirit of "being the first in the world": Taking the lead in forming a delegation of professors to visit the United States, taking the lead in implementing the reform of the school management system, taking the lead in accepting huge donations from overseas friends, etc., which has effectively promoted the reform of teaching and scientific research. In 1984, Comrade Deng Xiaoping cordially received the main leaders of the University and representatives of teachers and students, and fully affirmed the reform of Shanghai Jiaotong University. With the strong support of the state and Shanghai Municipality, the university has successively restored and built science, management, life, law and humanities with the goal of "upgrading the level and creating the first class" and discipline construction as the leader. The former Shanghai Agricultural University was merged in 1999 and the former Shanghai Second Medical University was merged in 2005. So far, the university has completed the discipline layout of the comprehensive university. In recent years, through the construction of national "211 Project" and "985 Project", high-level talents of the university are increasingly gathered, scientific research strength is rapidly improved, and the transformation to a research-oriented university has been realized.

Jiang Zemin, former general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University.

essential information

Historical evolution

The origin of the late Qing Dynasty

In 1896, Li Duanfen, the left Minister of the Ministry of punishment of the Qing government, gave a performance of "promoting schools" and suggested that schools should be set up in the capital and all provinces and counties. In October, Sheng Xuanhuai formally presented to the Qing government "a detailed plan for self-improvement" and attached "please set up a school". He told Liu Kunyi, governor of Liangjiang, that he planned to donate land to set up Nanyang public school in Shanghai. The funds were donated by lundian and Liangju, and he Sikun was hired as prime minister. In December, it was approved by Emperor Guangxu. At this point, it marks the formal establishment of Nanyang public school. Because the school is located in Nanyang (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other places were called Nanyang at that time), referring to the western school funds "half donated by the business people, half aided by the government as the public school", it is named Nanyang public school. At the beginning of its construction, Nanyang public school aimed at cultivating high-end legal and political talents. It first set up four colleges, namely normal college, foreign college, middle college and upper college, and then set up railway class, special class, political class, translation college and Dongwen school.

In 1897, Sheng Xuanhuai presented the book "preparation for the establishment of Nanyang public school and Dacheng Pavilion", which proposed that Nanyang public school and Dacheng Pavilion could be organized by the lundian Bureau. Zhang huanlun was employed as the general teacher of Chinese and Fu Kaisen as the supervisor. In Shanghai Xujiahui rented a house to run a school. The first batch of 30 normal students will start school on April 8 and will be trained according to five levels. On November 9, it was opened in other hospitals, with normal students as teachers. Normal students' self compiled "elementary school textbook" is popular in China. He Sikun drew up the first charter of Nanyang public school. China Merchants Group has pledged 60000 taels of regular silver and telegraph Bureau has pledged 40000 taels of regular silver as school running funds.

In 1905, the school was changed to be affiliated to the Ministry of Commerce, and its name was changed to the Ministry of Commerce Shanghai higher industrial school. It began to cultivate senior engineering and management talents as its goal.

In the autumn of 1906, the railway engineering class, the beginning of the school's engineering course, was established.

In 1907, it was changed to be affiliated to the Ministry of Posts and communications, and its name was changed to Shanghai higher Industrial School of the Ministry of Posts and communications. In October, the first engineering specialty of the school, namely the railway specialty with a three-year schooling system, was officially established.

In the summer of 1908, the college set up an electrical engineering specialty, which was the earliest Department of electrical engineering in Chinese colleges and universities.

In 1909, the Maritime College was established, and then it was changed into a merchant shipping school in 1911.

In 1910, the school set up the electrical laboratory. In the autumn of the same year, the school motto was "diligence, thrift, respect and faith".

In 1911, in the climax of the 1911 Revolution, Tang Wenzhi announced that the school was renamed Nanyang University, and the supervisor was renamed the principal. During this period, the school was in financial difficulties, so Tang Wenzhi proposed to cut his salary by half, and teachers and students were united to maintain teaching. Tang Wenzhi also wrote "personality" as a Chinese textbook. During this period, Sun Yat Sen made a speech at the school, and the whole school began to work together to build Chinese industry.

The Republic of China flourished

In 1912, the school was transferred to the Ministry of communications of the national government of Beijing and renamed as the Shanghai Industrial School of the Ministry of communications. The railway department was changed into civil engineering department and the electrical engineering department into electrical machinery department.

In March 1918, the university added the railway management section, which was the beginning of the establishment of the section in China. It created a precedent of the combination of industry and management, and was a pioneering work in the history of modern higher education in China.

In 1921, when ye gongchuo was appointed as the traffic chief of the Beiyang government, he changed the name of three universities (Shanghai, Beijing and Tangshan) under the Ministry of communications to Jiaotong University. The school is named Shanghai School of Jiaotong University, and takes the lead in setting up a board of directors in China. The president is also elected by the board of directors. Ye gongchuo was elected as president, Zhang Zhu as director of Shanghai University, Ling Hongxun and Zhang Tingjin as deputy directors. In addition to the original electrical engineering department, the school added the mechanical engineering department.

In 1922, due to the change of political situation, ye gongchuo left, and the school was changed to Nanyang University of the Ministry of communications. After that, the principal changed many times, and it was not until the end of 1924 that Ling Hongxun became the principal again that the school developed further. During this period, there were still three subjects of electrical machinery, machinery and railway management, while civil engineering was transferred to Tangshan school. During this period, the school built a new gymnasium and nursing room, and established the earliest Industrial Research Institute of Chinese universities in 1926.

In 1927, the Northern Expedition won, the Beiyang government collapsed, and the Nanjing government was established. The Ministry of communications of the national government took over Nanyang University. The University was reorganized into the first Jiaotong University and a Council was set up. And for the first time, we have recruited female students and implemented coeducation. The affiliated middle and primary schools were separated from the school, and another group of private Nanyang Model Primary and secondary schools.

In October 1928, the Nanjing national government was reorganized and the Ministry of Railways was added. The school will be under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of railways, and the colleges of Jiaotong University in Shanghai, Tangshan and Beiping will be merged into Jiaotong University of the Ministry of railways, which is divided into Shanghai headquarters, Beiping Institute of railway management and Tangshan Institute of civil engineering. Sun Ke, Minister of the Ministry of railways, is the president and Li Zhaohuan is the vice president. Soon, Li was appointed full-time principal. During this period, the school was rich in funds, the construction of school buildings and departments were developed rapidly, and the campus area was expanded to nearly 500 mu. During this period, the university has successively established the school of science, School of management, School of civil engineering, School of mechanical engineering, School of electrical engineering, Department of Chinese literature and Department of foreign literature, thus forming a teaching system with engineering as the focus, science as the basis, and emphasis on management.

In the spring of 1930, the university expanded the "Industrial Research Institute" into "Research Institute of Jiaotong University", with two major research departments of industry and economy, which are divided into 12 research groups: materials, design, machinery, electricity, physics, chemistry, social economy, industrial economy, transportation, management, accounting and statistics. Since 1931, graduate students have been officially recruited.

On August 1, 1937, the University was assigned to the Ministry of education and named national Jiaotong University. After the outbreak of the August 13 incident, the school moved to the French concession in Shanghai to continue its education.

After the Japanese occupied the Shanghai concession, the headquarters of national Jiaotong University was transferred from Shanghai to Jiulongpo, Chongqing. During this period, Jiaotong University carried out the construction of colleges and departments. Chongqing Merchant Shipping College merged into Jiaotong University to set up shipbuilding and other new majors. In 1943, the Institute of telecommunications of Jiaotong University was established, and it was the unit with the largest number of Engineering Masters in China before liberation.

In October 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the teachers and students of Chongqing Jiaotong University were demobilized from Shanghai in batches.

In 1946, the Kuomintang started a civil war. Shanghai school and Chongqing school joined together and the teaching order was restored. The majority of teachers and students joined in the struggle against the civil war. In the midst of inflation, economic difficulties and "white terror", the school still insists on improving teaching, and adds two specialized subjects of telecommunication management and telecommunication technology.

By January 1949, the university had three faculties of science, engineering and management, 18 departments, two specialized subjects and one research institute.

On May 27, 1949, the PLA liberated Shanghai and took over Jiaotong University on June 15, 1949.

Open up a new way

In 1952, a large-scale adjustment of departments was carried out nationwide. Jiaotong University was adjusted from 10 departments and one specialized subject to three categories of machinery, electrical machinery and shipbuilding, and 7 departments

Chinese PinYin : Shang Hai Jiao Tong Da Xue