Shuangdun site

Shuangdun site

Shuangdun site is located in the north of Shuangdun village, xiaobengbu Town, Huaishang District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province. It is about 7000 years ago. It is the earliest Neolithic cultural remains found in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River and a strong evidence of the early civilization of the Huaihe River Basin.

Shuangdun site is a platform site. It is 180 meters long from north to south, 140 meters wide from east to west, and about 25200 square meters.

Shuangdun unearthed a large number of pottery, stone tools, bone horn ware, mussel ware, burnt earth building remains, animal bones and conch shells, etc., with a wide variety of production tools, living utensils, a large number of depiction symbols and clay sculpture works.

In March 2013, Shuangdun site was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

In 1985, Shuangdun site was discovered during the general survey of cultural relics.

In 1986, Bengbu Museum carried out rescue excavation of Shuangdun site. In 1991 and 1992, Anhui Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology excavated it twice. A total of 15 excavation sites have been excavated, covering an area of 375 square meters. A large number of precious cultural relics have been unearthed, including pottery, stone tools, clam ware, bone horn ware and so on.

Site features

Shuangdun site is about 180 meters long from north to south, 140 meters wide from east to west, about 25200 square meters, while the central area of the site is about 10000 square meters. The unearthed relics of Shuangdun site are all concentrated in a large gully in the southeast of the site, which extends from northwest to Southeast, with a width of more than 40 meters from east to west and a depth of more than 2.5 meters. The formation time of each stratum seems to be shorter and faster, and the boundary between layers is obvious.

Cultural relics

The Shuangdun site also unearthed the first-class cultural relics, such as the head of a pottery figure and more than 600 pieces of pottery with depiction symbols.

The site is a single Neolithic cultural accumulation. The typical utensils are pot shaped cauldron, bowl shaped cauldron, bracket, bowl, bowl, steamer, holder, spinning wheel and net pendant. The utensils are composed of four chiseled pot shaped cauldron and bowl shaped cauldron, low ring foot or false ring foot cake bottom bowl, low trumpet seat bean, bird head or ox nose shaped ear jar, and steamer and ancestor shaped bracket with grate holes at the bottom. More than 600 pieces were found in the three excavations. In the outer foot of the pottery bowl, there are many symbols, such as fish shape, pig shape, deer shape, silkworm shape, leaf vein shape, petal shape, triangle shape, square frame shape, cross shape, net shape, circle shape and architectural shape. It can be divided into pictographic and geometric forms, which are of early age, large quantity, various types and rich content, and constitute the important content of Shuangdun remains.

History and culture

Shuangdun culture

The pottery, stone tools, clam ware and bone horn ware unearthed from Shuangdun site have unique cultural features, which are different from other known primitive cultures of the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin at the same time. The Neolithic sites with the same cultural features as Shuangdun site have a certain distribution in the Huaihe River Basin, and Shuangdun site is the representative of this new archaeological culture.

Shuangdun site is the representative of similar cultural sites, which are mainly distributed in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River. Shuangdun site is the most typical of such cultural relics, which has the unique regional cultural characteristics of the Huaihe River Basin and some characteristics of the early and middle primitive culture in the South and North. At the same time, it has a certain time span and geographical distribution, and has the basic elements of archaeological culture naming, so it is determined as the site Shuangdun culture is an archaeological culture.

The Shuangdun site has five carbon 14 data, ranging from 6000 BC to 3500 BC. It was once known as "Shuangdun culture" or "Shuangdun type". Some scholars attribute the connotation of Shuangdun culture to qingliangang culture.

Research value

The unearthed relics of Shuangdun site comprehensively reflect the types, shapes and combinations of the artifacts. The pottery face portrait unearthed in the site is the earliest sculpture found in China. It is not only of high historical research value, but also occupies an important position in the history of Chinese art.

The relics are mainly from the cultural layer, including a large number of pottery pieces, residual pottery, a certain number of damaged stone tools, horn ware, bone ware, mussel ware, and abundant shells and animal bones of snails and mussels. This is the result of dumping waste along the ditch for a long time by Shuangdun ancestors.

The discovery of Shuangdun site proves that the Huaihe River Basin is also one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization.

More than 600 pieces of pottery with depiction symbols unearthed from Shuangdun site are the earliest, most abundant and abundant archaeological materials of the same kind found in Neolithic Archaeology, which are of great value to the discovery and research of early Chinese characters. The depicting symbols are respectively depicted on the inside of the pottery bowl, pottery bowl and trumpet shaped high ring foot. Its contents are quite extensive, including hunting, fishing, netting, planting, sericulture, weaving, raising livestock, recording events and numbers, astronomy and calendar, geographical location, etc., reflecting the characteristics of primitive economy, culture, religion and art. Shuangdun symbol has the function of recording events and numbers, which is one of the important sources of studying the origin of Chinese characters.

Compared with other Neolithic sites such as Banpo in Xi'an, Jiangzhai in Lintong, Yangjiawan in Yichang, liulinxi in Zigui, Liuwan in Qinghai, Dawenkou and Liangzhu, Shuangdun site has some similarities, but also has its own obvious characteristics. This kind of depiction symbol is also found in the houjiazhai site in Dingyuan, which indicates that it is a record symbol to express specific meanings among clan communities in a certain area.

Scientific research achievements

In 2008, Shuangdun, Bengbu: excavation report of Neolithic site was published.

protective measures

From November 12 to 13, 2005, Bengbu held a seminar on Shuangdun ruins and Shuangdun culture.

From October 23 to 25, 2009, the "International Symposium on Shuangdun site symbols and the origin of ancient civilization" was jointly sponsored by the society of Chinese characters, Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China Heritage newspaper, Anhui University, Anhui Provincial Department of culture and Bengbu Municipal People's government, and Co sponsored by Bengbu Municipal Bureau of culture, Department of Arts and Sciences of Anhui University and Anhui Provincial Administration of cultural relics It was held in Bengbu City.

In May 2013, it was approved as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Tourism information

geographical position

Shuangdun site is located in the north of Shuangdun village, xiaobengbu Town, Huaishang District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province.

Traffic information

From Bengbu to Shuangdun site via Ningluo expressway.

Address: Shuangdun village north, xiaobengbu Town, Huaishang District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province

Longitude: 117.351244

Latitude: 32.962872

Chinese PinYin : Shuang Dun Yi Zhi