Middle Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve

Middle Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve

The middle and Upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section in Jizhou area records the geological evolution history of 1.85-800 million years ago, and stores a large amount of natural information and various metal and nonmetal mineral resources reflecting the paleogeography, paleontology, paleoclimate, paleostructure, paleomagnetism at that time. On October 2, 1984, the inauguration ceremony of the middle and Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve in Jizhou District of Tianjin was held in Changzhou village, the starting point of the section, marking the birth of the first national geological nature reserve in China. In 1996, the 30th International Geological Congress was held in Beijing. Before the Congress, geologists from seven countries carried out scientific investigation on the Jixian section, conducted extensive academic exchanges, and highly appraised the important value of the Jizhou section.

On October 11, 2018, he was selected into the list of "national primary and secondary students' research and practice education base".

brief introduction

The middle and Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve is located in Jizhou District, Tianjin, covering an area of 900 hectares. It was established with the approval of the State Council in 1984. The main protected objects are the middle and Upper Proterozoic standard section. It is the first national geological section Nature Reserve in China

Types of protected areas

The main protected object is the standard section of middle and Upper Proterozoic, exposing a well preserved, simple structure and continuous exposed ancient stratum. It extends southward from Changshan village near Huangyaguan to Junshan mountain in Beifu, Jicheng County, with a length of more than 20 kilometers. This is the stratigraphic section named "middle and Upper Proterozoic" (formerly known as "Sinian sub boundary") in 1982, which is known as a rare and valuable geological treasure It can be called the world's precious natural and historical heritage.

The Middle Upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section is located in Jizhou District, Tianjin city. It was discovered by Professor Gao Zhenxi of Peking University in 1930s. In the northern mountainous area of Jizhou District, it starts from Changzhou village at the northeast end of the county, overlaps layer upon layer along the northeast to southwest direction, and ends at Fujun mountain near the county seat. There is a well preserved ancient stratum with a total thickness of 9197 meters and a section length of about 24 kilometers. It is famous for its clear top and bottom, simple structure, extremely shallow metamorphism and abundant paleontological fossils. According to the survey, the geological age of the formation is about 1.85-800 million years, which can be divided into three stratigraphic units, namely, Changcheng System, Jizhou system and Qingbaikou system, including 12 groups of 105 layers. In 1984, the State Council approved that the section was listed as the first national geological nature reserve with an exhibition hall, which integrates geological data, academic research and natural landscape, filling the gap of such nature reserves in China. This section, which is nearly ten thousand meters thick, is called the Middle Upper Proterozoic standard stratigraphic section in geological circles, and is called "Jixian section" for short.

Geological evolution

The distance from Changzhou village to fujunshan is only 24 km, which represents a complete process of sea and land evolution in the geological history of 1 billion years from 1.8 billion to 800 million years. There are abundant paleontological fossils, among which macro multicellular fossils have been found, which has advanced the age of multicellular fossils from 900 million years to 1.7 billion years. In addition, there are some of the oldest geological phenomena in the world, such as the sedimentary sepiolite deposit formed in 1.2-1.3 billion years ago and the oldest exhalation pore structure found in Tieling formation. The middle and Upper Proterozoic section in Jixian county is a precious natural heritage left by nature. Some important fossils found are of great significance to the study of the evolution of early life and the formation of the earth. It plays an irreplaceable role in revealing many scientific mysteries of the earth in ancient times.

Scientific value

The Middle Upper Proterozoic section, which is well-known for its complete rock strata, continuous outcrops, well preserved, clear texture, simple structure, extremely shallow metamorphism and abundant fossils, is distributed in the southern Yanshan vein with overlapping mountains. It has been determined as the standard section of Middle Upper Proterozoic in China. The total thickness of the section is 9197m, recording the geological evolution history of 1.85-800 million years ago. In the rock strata, there are Macroalgae in the early stage of life, and in the rock strata 1.4-1.2 billion years ago, the world's rare microbiota has been found, which greatly advanced the age of the emergence of this kind of microorganism, and has important scientific value.

The middle and Upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section in Jizhou area records the geological evolution history of 1.85-800 million years ago, and stores a large amount of natural information and various metal and nonmetal mineral resources reflecting the paleogeography, paleontology, paleoclimate, paleostructure, paleomagnetism at that time.

On October 2, 1984, the inauguration ceremony of the middle and Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve in Jizhou District of Tianjin was held in Changzhou village, the starting point of the section, marking the birth of the first national geological nature reserve in China. In 1996, the 30th International Geological Congress was held in Beijing. Before the Congress, geologists from seven countries carried out scientific investigation on the Jixian section, conducted extensive academic exchanges, and highly appraised the important value of the Jizhou section.

The middle and Upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section in Jixian County has attracted the attention of Chinese and foreign geologists for a long time since it was discovered and studied by Professor Gao Zhenxi in 1934. In his book geology of China, Mr. Li Siguang said that "among the contemporaneous strata in Eurasia, the Jizhou section is as good as the one on the right.". In 1959, the Jizhou section was determined as the standard section of middle and Upper Proterozoic in China. The standard strata of middle and Upper Proterozoic in Jizhou area have been selected as one of the important targets of Precambrian Geological Research by the United Nations of Geosciences, a branch of UNESCO. Jizhou section is of great significance for scientific research and geological tourism.

The significance of protection

The protection object of the Middle Upper Proterozoic nature reserve is to protect the world-famous standard stratigraphic section of the Middle Upper Proterozoic in Jizhou area, as well as the paleontological fossils and traces in the section.

There are a lot of precious natural science information stored in the middle and Upper Proterozoic stratigraphic sections. It is a series of natural science treasures for human to study the earth's ancient geography, paleoclimate, paleontology, paleostructure, paleomagnetism and the evolution of the earth, the evolution of biology and so on. In order to make this geological treasure permanent research and exploration, since 1984, the State Council of the people's Republic of China With the approval of the State Council of geological affairs, the first national geological nature reserve in China has been established.

In today's world, there are not only one middle upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section, but also three existing riffi Wende sections in Siberia, Russia, and the Colorado Grand Canyon section in Arizona, USA. The Jixian section in China is characterized by complete strata, continuous outcrops, well preserved, clear top and bottom, simple structure, slight metamorphism and abundant paleontological fossils The seven major features rank first among the three sections in the world, and are regarded as the standard sections of the same geological period by geologists at home and abroad. They are regarded as rare "geological treasures" and "historical records of the earth". The middle and Upper Proterozoic standard strata in Jixian County are selected as the world's important targets for Precambrian Geological Research by the United Nations union of Geosciences and Sciences. As early as 1931, Professor Li Siguang, a famous geologist, said: "among the contemporaneous strata in Eurasia, the Jixian section is as good as the one on the right". That is to say, there is nothing better than this.

The middle and Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve is known as the "ten thousand volumes of historical records" exposed in the East. Its stratigraphic section basically maintains the original appearance of sedimentation, with less distortion. Moreover, the stratigraphic structure is simple, continuous, and the top and bottom of the whole stratum are quite clear. It can be said that it is advantaged and natural, with inherent standards, and provides reference A good model of the middle and Upper Proterozoic strata has been established. At the same time, there are abundant stromatolites and paleontological fossils in the middle and Upper Proterozoic National Nature Reserve, which also record the process of life evolution in ancient times and contain a lot of natural information. Scientists have found Macroalgae in the strata with early life stages. These scientific discoveries are of great significance for the study of earth evolution and biological evolution.

Address: North of Jixian County

Longitude: 117.51867190003

Latitude: 40.218420933472

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Shang Yuan Gu Jie Guo Jia Ji Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu