Ten kings Pavilion

Located in the 195 meter long and 80 meter wide square in front of the Dazheng hall, there are ten pavilions on the East and west sides of the Dazheng hall. The two pavilions that stand out slightly forward from the Dazheng hall are the left and right wing King pavilions. The other eight pavilions were arranged in the order of Eight Banners in the shape of goose wings. On the east side of the pavilion are the left wing king and the four flag King pavilions of yellow, white, white and blue. On the west side are the right wing king and the four flag King pavilions of yellow, red, red and blue. There are ten pavilions in total, which are called "ten King Pavilions" or "eight flag Pavilions". These pavilions and Dazheng hall constitute a group of courtyards on the East Road, which is an important part of the palace buildings in Nurhachi period. The Eight Banners Pavilion appears in the form of Pavilion, which is higher than the structure of the pavilion. On the appearance, it appears in the form of buwajie mountain. The two big kisses are majestic and majestic. The beam frame is a rolling shed. The construction level of Jieshan Qibei is higher than that of Jieshan rolling shed, and the structure is higher than that of the pavilions in ordinary gardens. It is surrounded by a corridor, the front of the pavilion has a partition door, and the other three sides are built with green bricks; the back of the pavilion has a stove door, which is used to burn Kang. There is a heated kang in the pavilion, on which the ministers of eight banners handle daily affairs, reflecting the customs of Manchu. Manchu people live in the cold north. Every room is equipped with a heated kang, which is not only practical, but also warm. The arrangement of the Eight Banners Pavilion is based on the theory of Yin Yang and five elements of the Han nationality, with two yellow in the north, two blue in the south, two red in the West and two white in the East. The left and right wing kings are in charge of military and civil affairs respectively. The Eight Banners Pavilion is the highest government office of the eight banners. In case of birth, marriage, funeral, marriage, etc., the people in the eight banners have to have Niu Lu or Jia La Zhang to register in Beijing. The flag owners of the eight banners can discuss politics in their own flag Pavilion. When there is a meeting of the emperor, Gushan Ejin stands in front of his flag Pavilion. When there is a victory product from the battle, he puts it in front of his flag Pavilion for the emperor to have a look.

Ten kings Pavilion

Facing south on both sides of Dazheng Hall of Shenyang Palace Museum, the ten King Pavilion is arranged in the shape of swallow wings. It is the place where the king of left and right wings and the leader of eight banners worked in the palace before the Qing Dynasty entered the pass.

Quick navigation

Panorama

survey

The East Road was built in the period of Nurhachi, Emperor Taizu of the Qing Dynasty. The main buildings are Dazheng hall and Shiwang Pavilion. Dazheng hall was originally named dugong hall. From the architectural point of view, Dazheng hall is also a pavilion, but its volume is large and its decoration is gorgeous, so it is called a palace. In front of Dazheng hall, there are 10 square pavilions arranged in the shape of eight characters, commonly known as "ten kings Pavilion". The ten King Pavilion is the place where the left and right wing kings and eight flag ministers work.

From north to south, the five pavilions on the east side are left wing King pavilions, yellow flag pavilions, white flag pavilions, white flag pavilions and blue flag pavilions;

The five pavilions on the west side are right wing King Pavilion, yellow flag Pavilion, red flag Pavilion, red flag Pavilion and blue flag Pavilion.

Ten King pavilions: located in the 195 meter long and 80 meter wide square in front of the Dazheng hall, there are ten pavilions on the East and west sides of the Dazheng hall. The two pavilions that are closest to the Dazheng hall and protrude slightly forward are the left and right wing King pavilions. The other eight pavilions were arranged in the order of Eight Banners in the shape of goose wings. On the east side of the pavilion are the left wing king and the four flag King pavilions of yellow, white, white and blue. On the west side are the right wing king and the four flag King pavilions of yellow, red, red and blue. There are ten pavilions in total, which are called "ten King Pavilions" or "eight flag Pavilions". These pavilions and Dazheng hall constitute a group of courtyards on the East Road, which is an important part of the palace buildings in Nurhachi period. The Eight Banners Pavilion appears in the form of Pavilion, which is higher than the structure of the pavilion. On the appearance, it appears in the form of buwajie mountain. The two big kisses are majestic and majestic. The beam frame is a rolling shed. The construction level of Jieshan Qibei is higher than that of Jieshan rolling shed, and the structure is higher than that of the pavilions in ordinary gardens. It is surrounded by a corridor, the front of the pavilion has a partition door, and the other three sides are built with green bricks; the back of the pavilion has a stove door, which is used to burn Kang. There is a heated kang in the pavilion, on which the ministers of eight banners handle daily affairs, reflecting the customs of Manchu. Manchu people live in the cold north. Every room is equipped with a heated kang, which is not only practical, but also warm. The arrangement of the Eight Banners Pavilion is based on the theory of Yin Yang and five elements of the Han nationality, with two yellow in the north, two blue in the south, two red in the West and two white in the East. The left and right wing kings are in charge of military and civil affairs respectively. The Eight Banners Pavilion is the highest government office of the eight banners. In case of birth, marriage, funeral, marriage, etc., the people in the eight banners have to have Niu Lu or Jia La Zhang to register in Beijing. The flag owners of the eight banners can discuss politics in their own flag Pavilion. When there is a meeting of the emperor, Gushan Ejin stands in front of his flag Pavilion. When there is a victory product from the battle, he puts it in front of his flag Pavilion for the emperor to have a look.

name

From north to south, to the East are the left wing King Pavilion, the yellow flag Pavilion, the white flag Pavilion, the white flag Pavilion and the blue flag Pavilion; to the West are the right wing King Pavilion, the yellow flag Pavilion, the red flag Pavilion, the red flag Pavilion and the blue flag Pavilion.

origin

They form a group of Pavilion style courtyard buildings with the Dazheng hall, reflecting the unique military and political system of the Manchu people - the Eight Banners system, which is unique in Chinese history. As far back as the beginning of Nurhachi's founding, all military and state affairs were discussed and decided by King Han and Minister Baylor of eight banners. When Nurhachi established his capital in Shenyang, he fixed the system of "Joint Office of monarch and Minister" when he built the palace. In the form of architecture, it shows the system of eight banners, the political system of "eight harmonies and shuobel ruling together" and the thought of military democracy.

The architectural combination of the great political hall and the ten kings Pavilion in Shenyang Palace Museum is a vivid reflection of the important position of the Eight Banners organization in the country at that time. When a large ceremony was held here, the emperor ascended to the main hall, and the officials at all levels of the eight banners were arranged in front of their respective flag pavilions. This was still the case when the officials of Shengjing "sat on duty" and "congratulated" here after the Qing Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing. At ordinary times, the ten King Pavilion is the office for the officials of the eight banners to deal with their own administrative, civil, litigation and other affairs. Generally speaking, if the great political hall is the "grand yamen" of the country, then the ten King Pavilion is the "banner yamen" of the eight banners. Dazheng hall and Shiwang pavilion not only reflect the political characteristics of Manchu nation at that time, but also have strong national characteristics in architectural layout and style. According to historical records, when Nurhachi and Huangtaiji led the army of eight banners to go out to garrison, they set up the Mongolian yurt style strategies. Sometimes the emperor used the bigger "yellow strategy", while the ministers of Bayle of eight banners used the eight "green strategies" arranged on the two sides in front of them. The layout, tile color and shape of the Dazheng hall and the ten King Pavilion were very close to them. Therefore, people also call this "one hall and ten pavilions" the "tent hall" layout, and regard it as a model of palace architecture with the characteristics of nomadic hunting people.

Eight Banners

The original hunting organization "Niulu" (meaning "big arrow" in Chinese) of the Manchu people was composed of ten people, one of whom was the leader, called "Niulu ejhen". When they went out hunting, the people with Niulu had to obey their command and take unified actions. In the process of conquering all the tribes, Nurhachi's popularity increased continuously, which made it convenient for him to transform the Niulu organization in 1615, and established the "Eight Banners system", which stipulated that every 300 males should be compiled into one Niulu, five Niulu into one Jiala, and five Jiala into one "Qi" (Gushan). At that time, the eight flags were distinguished according to the different flags used. Those who use yellow, white, red and blue flags are called yellow, white, red and blue flags, respectively; the other four flags are bordered flags. That is, yellow, white, blue flag with red edge, red flag with white edge, respectively, known as yellow flag, white flag, red flag, blue flag. Later, in Chinese characters, the word "Zheng" was written as "Zheng", so there was the saying of "four Zheng and four inlays" in the eight banners. In Huangtaiji period, Mongolian eight banners and Han eight banners were built in addition to the original Manchuria eight banners, but the banners did not change, so they were still called eight banners.

The "Eight Banners" is not just a simple troop establishment, but an organization integrating military, production and administration. The adult men who made up the eight banners were "soldiers and people for the people". They went out to fight and engage in production. Their family members and slaves were also in their own Niu Lu. The population, land and other property of the whole country were under the jurisdiction of the eight banners. It can be said that the Qing (later Jin) country before entering the GATT was composed of eight banners. The important decisions of the country were made by the eight banners Ministers participated in the discussion and formulation, and the emperor's rule over the whole country was achieved through the eight banners.

sort by

The eight banners of the Manchu Qing Dynasty can be divided into the superior and the inferior. Different periods are completely different. For example, "the emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty set up the yellow flag" and "the five banners under the upper three banners" were impossible in the Nurhachi period

Taizu first conquered the surrounding tribes and established a flag Army (black flag) with 13 armor. Later, he took over the neighboring tribes and formed a new flag (red flag). Nurhachi gave the black flag to his brother shuerhaqi to command the new red flag. Later, he incorporated the once powerful hada tribe of Manchu and built a third flag (white flag). The flag leader was Chu Ying, Nurhachi's eldest son . Later, due to the power struggle, shuerhaqi and Chu Ying were killed one after another, and the white flag was divided into three parts: Zhenglan flag (21 Niulu), whose owner was manggurtai, the fifth son of Nurhachi. The white flag is owned by Huangtaiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi. The white flag is set by Du Du, the eldest son of Chu Ying, and the black flag is divided into three parts: the red flag is set by Dai Shan, the second son of Nurhachi. The red flag is set by yuetuo, the eldest son of Daishan, and the blue flag is set by Amin, the son of shuerhaqi. The red flag of Nurhachi's own commander is also divided into two banners: zhenghuang flag and set yellow flag. In his later years, he gave most of the two yellow flags to his three youngest sons (azig, Dorgon and dodo), who were born to a concubine, and the rest of them were his own commanders

Chinese PinYin : Shi Wang Ting